Culture methods and points for attention of Cunninghamia lanceolata

Introduction of Sequoia lanceolata

Cunninghamia lanceolata, trees, up to 60-70 m in origin, DBH more than 1 m, bark grayish brown or dark gray, thick, transversely lobed; large branches spreading or obliquely extended, young crown spire-shaped, old flat-topped, lateral branchlets dense, drooping, nearly pinnate. Cunninghamia lanceolata is not cold-resistant, avoid drought, and need plenty of sunshine in winter. It is native to the southeast coastal areas of Oceania and is now cultivated in open courtyards in Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Yunnan and Guangxi.

Growth habits of Cunninghamia lanceolata

Cunninghamia lanceolata, like light, seedlings like shade. Like warm and humid climate, not resistant to drought and cold. I like the fertile soil. It has fast growth, strong sprouting ability and strong wind resistance.

It needs plenty of sunshine in winter, avoids strong light exposure in summer, and is afraid of the dry gale in spring in the north and the hot sun in midsummer. It grows best under the environmental conditions of 25 ℃-30 ℃ temperature and 70% relative humidity. Pot culture requires loose and fertile soil with high humus content and strong drainage and permeability.

Geographical distribution of Cryptomeria lanceolata

It is native to South America, Australia and Pacific Islands, Oceania, Queensland and other southeast coastal areas, and is cultivated in Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan, Yunnan and Guangxi. The Yangtze River basin and its major cities to the north are pot plants and greenhouses to survive the winter.

Pot culture management

Nanyang fir pine soil watering

Watering and loosening topsoil in time after planting to reduce water evaporation. Usually watering should be moderate, frequently watering during the growing season, watering 2-3 times a week, infiltration depth of 10-15 cm is appropriate. With the growth of seedlings, the number of watering decreases, often keep the basin soil and the surrounding environment moist, strictly prevent drought and waterlogging. In the season of high temperature and drought, you should often spray water or spray to the leaf surface and the surrounding environment to increase air humidity and keep the soil moist. Avoid summer basin soil is too dry or winter water is too large, too dry or too wet are easy to cause lower leaves to droop soft. Avoid strong light exposure in summer, can be placed in the shade of the shed, often sprinkle water, in order to maintain high air humidity.

Plastic management of Cryptomeria lanceolata

Southern fir to stand upright for the United States, in the second year of cutting seedlings, or when sowing seedlings grow to about 50 cm, should be wrapped with a stick to support, in order to prevent plant distortion and affect the ornamental effect. The young trees should change their pots once every year or every other spring, and the plants for more than five years should turn the pots and change the soil every two or three years, combined with spraying dwarf to control the height of southern fir. At the end of April or early May, the northern area comes out to take shelter from the wind and the sun for maintenance. Proper shading is needed in midsummer, and the basin is turned at the right time in the growing season, so as to prevent the tree-shaped growth from deviating and affecting the ornamental. Cunninghamia lanceolata is not resistant to severe cold. In the northern region, Cold Dew moved indoors at the end of September or early October, where there is plenty of sunshine and air circulation, forbid fertilizer and control water, and the room temperature should not be lower than 8 ℃.

Nanyang fir fertilized frequently

Potted Cunninghamia lanceolata should be mixed with rotten leaf soil, peat soil, pure river sand and a small amount of mature organic fertilizer. In the basin soil, it is better to mix 3 parts of loam, 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of coarse sand and a small amount of plant ash, and the depth of the soil layer lies in the bud point of the upper layer just exposed on the soil surface. Since the sprouting of new buds in spring, applying dilute organic liquid fertilizer and calcium fertilizer once or twice a month can keep the plant fresh and oily.

Seedling transplantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata

Cunninghamia lanceolata is warm and humid, shade-tolerant, not cold-tolerant, long taproot and few fibrous roots of seed-sown seedlings. When seedlings are transplanted, they are easy to die. In order to improve the survival rate of southern fir seedling transplantation, we should pay attention to the following technical points.

First, protect the root

Because the lateral roots of young seedlings of Cunninghamia lanceolata are rare and the hairy roots are fine, they will wither and wither if they are not paid attention to, so it is very important to protect the roots of seedlings. First of all, the soil should be transported with the basin, and the original culture soil should be kept wet. Secondly, the seedlings should be planted immediately after they are bought back. If it is too late for planting, they should be placed in a cool and moist place and should not be exposed to the sun, so as to protect the seedlings, especially the root system. In addition, when the temperature is low in winter, the root system is easy to be frozen during transportation, so attention should be paid to heat preservation.

Second, fine planting

When planting, the seedlings should take the original soil as far as possible, the planting soil should be loose and fine, do not press the root soil too hard, and pour enough fixed root water after planting. In addition, the taproot of seed-sown seedlings is long, and the planting should be deeper, so as not to expose and lodge the roots and affect the survival.

Third, heat preservation

Cunninghamia lanceolata is not cold-resistant, if it is planted in winter or early spring, in addition to anti-freezing in the process of transportation, heat preservation measures should also be taken after planting, such as planting in a greenhouse or covered with plastic film arch.

Fourth, shading

Cunninghamia lanceolata is a shade-tolerant flower, and its seedlings are more afraid of sun exposure, so it should be shaded immediately after planting.

5. Treatment of broken and residual seedlings

The seedling tissue of Cunninghamia lanceolata is young and easy to be broken, which can be remedied by the following measures. The seedlings with broken roots can be washed with clean water and inserted in plain sand. At suitable temperature, the roots can be re-rooted from the cross section after 1 Mel for 2 weeks, and then planted after the root system is developed. The seedlings with broken buds, broken stems and leaves can be fixed as usual, and new buds will sprout after a certain period of time after survival.

Points for attention in reproduction

Sown seedlings are extremely vulnerable to diseases and insect pests, so the soil must be disinfected.

If you want to get more cuttings, you can cut the top of the young tree to produce more new shoots, cut it out and use it as cuttings in spring, and the cut plants can still grow terminal buds and be used as long-term reproductive mother plants.

During the growing period, if the basin soil is too dry, the leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata will become soft and drooping, so it should be watered moderately.

Winter temperature should not be too low, too low temperature will make Nanyang fir suffer frost damage, very easy to die.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Cunninghamia lanceolata

Cunninghamia lanceolata, trees, up to 60-70 m in origin, DBH more than 1 m, bark grayish brown or dark gray, thick, transversely lobed; large branches spreading or obliquely extended, young crown spire-shaped, old flat-topped, lateral branchlets dense, drooping, nearly pinnate. Cunninghamia lanceolata is not cold-resistant, avoid drought, and need plenty of sunshine in winter. It is native to the southeast coastal areas of Oceania and is now cultivated in open courtyards in Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Yunnan and Guangxi.

Growth environment of Cryptomeria fortunei

Like warm, humid environment, grow well in sunny places, have a certain degree of shade tolerance, but to avoid summer strong light exposure. It is not resistant to cold and drought and is suitable for slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage and rich humus.

1. Summer and autumn is the growing period of Cryptomeria fortunei. Potted plants can not only be placed in the semi-shade, but also in the ventilated place with light in the window. Avoid the hot sun exposure above 35 ℃, and it is not suitable to put in shaded places without light for a long time, which will cause the branches and leaves to be withered and yellow or grow too long, affecting the ornamental value.

2. In order to avoid tilting the trunk to one side in the process of growth, the plant should be turned into a pot once a half month so that the plant can receive light evenly. In addition, the trunk of young trees is fragile and easy to bend, so it is appropriate to set up pillars to fix the trunk from the time of young trees. In order to prevent the plant from growing too tall, the pot should be changed every 2-3 years after the spring is warm. At ordinary times, we should pay attention to protect the lateral branches so as not to be damaged and affect the plant shape.

3. Under normal circumstances, it is not necessary to prune the branches of Cryptomeria fortunei to let it grow naturally. The suitable temperature for growth is 10-25 ℃, and the overwintering temperature is above 5 ℃. Overwintering season can give a certain amount of light, basin soil can not be too dry, sunny weather should also spray water to increase humidity.

Propagation mode of Cryptomeria lanceolata

Sowing and reproduction

Because the seed coat is solid and the germination rate is low, it is best to break the seed coat before sowing in order to promote its germination. In addition, the seeded seedlings are vulnerable to diseases and insect pests, so the soil used should be strictly disinfected. Seeds had better be germinated by sand bed or the above-mentioned shell-breaking sowing method to improve the germination rate of seeds, which can germinate in about 30 days.

Cuttage propagation

Cuttage propagation is easy and widely used. Generally, cuttings are carried out in spring and summer, but the main branches must be selected as cuttings, and the plants grown with side branches as cuttings are askew rather than straight. The cuttings are 10 to 15 cm long and can take root in about 4 months under the conditions of 18 ℃ to 25 ℃ and high air humidity. If the base of cuttings is soaked in 200ppm indolebutyric acid (IBA) for 5 hours before cutting, it can promote its rooting ahead of time.

Culture method of Cryptomeria fortunei

1. Soil:

The pot soil of Cunninghamia lanceolata is best prepared with rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand plus Shaoli fertilizer.

2. Watering:

Cunninghamia lanceolata likes the humid environment, so we should pay attention to spraying clear water to the leaves in dry season and summer, which can not only increase the air humidity, but also keep the leaf color fresh and bright, which is very beneficial to its photosynthesis. Watering should be appropriate during maintenance and adequate in summer to supplement the need for foliar transpiration in time and avoid drought damage. But watering can not be excessive, so that the basin soil stagnant water. At ordinary times, it is appropriate to keep the basin soil moist.

3. Lighting:

Nanyang Shanxi sunny, the northern area generally moved to the south balcony or courtyard sunny place in early May, pay attention to appropriate shade after summer to avoid exposure. Farming in the northern area will be moved indoors at the end of September and the beginning of October and placed in a sunny place to control watering.

4. Temperature:

Cunninghamia lanceolata can grow at many different temperatures, but its cold tolerance is not strong, and the optimum temperature for growth is 7-24 ℃. If the temperature rises, it will increase the air humidity around the plant.

5. Fertilization:

Cunninghamia lanceolata grows rapidly, so it is necessary to apply topdressing frequently in the vigorous growth season to supplement the nutrients needed for its growth. Generally from the spring bud germination, pay attention to topdressing 1-2 times a month rotten thin cake fertilizer for its absorption and utilization, in order to grow strong.

6. Pruning:

Cunninghamia lanceolata is easy to appear the phenomenon of lower branches and leaves gradually withering and falling off, which causes the whole plant to be top-heavy and beautiful, so it should be carefully managed and pruned.

7. Insect pests:

The diseases of Cunninghamia lanceolata include leaf spot, branch blight and root nodule disease. Leaf spot disease and branch blight can be treated with methyl topiramate 8 ("double solution or 65% Dysen zinc wettable powder 500600 times); canker is smeared and disinfected with 40% Fumei arsenic solution or potassium permanganate 1001 times solution; root nodule disease is soaked with 1000 times solution of streptomycin. Insect pests are mainly harmful to shell insects. When a small number of pests occur, wash the leaves with clean water, and when more serious, you can use 40% omethoate emulsion 500-100 () times to kill.

Culture conditions of Cryptomeria fortunei

Soil and fertilizer requirements

Potted Cunninghamia lanceolata should be mixed with rotten leaf soil, peat soil, pure river sand and a small amount of mature organic fertilizer. In the basin soil, it is better to mix 3 parts of loam, 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of coarse sand and a small amount of plant ash, and the depth of the soil layer lies in the bud point of the upper layer just exposed on the soil surface. Since the new bud germination of Cunninghamia lanceolata in spring, rarefied organic liquid fertilizer and calcium fertilizer were applied once or twice a month to keep the plant fresh and oily.

Turn the basin and trim and reshape

Southern fir to stand upright for the United States, in the second year of cutting seedlings, or when sowing seedlings grow to about 50 cm, should be wrapped with a stick to support, in order to prevent plant distortion and affect the ornamental effect. The young trees should change their pots once every year or every other spring, and the plants for more than five years should turn the pots and change the soil every two or three years, combined with spraying dwarf to control the height of southern fir. At the end of April or early May, the northern area comes out to take shelter from the wind and the sun for maintenance. Proper shading is needed in midsummer, and the basin is turned at the right time in the growing season, so as to prevent the tree-shaped growth from deviating and affecting the ornamental. Cunninghamia lanceolata is not resistant to severe cold. In the northern region, Cold Dew moved indoors at the end of September or early October, where there is plenty of sunshine and air circulation, forbid fertilizer and control water, and the room temperature should not be lower than 8 ℃.

Water and maintain humidity

Watering Nanyang fir trees should be moderate at ordinary times, watering them frequently during the growing season, watering 2-3 times a week, with a depth of 10-15 cm. With the growth of Nanyang fir trees, the watering times are reduced, and the basin soil and its surrounding environment are often kept moist to prevent drought and waterlogging. In the season of high temperature and drought, we should often spray water or spray on the leaves and the surrounding environment of Cunninghamia lanceolata to increase air humidity and keep the soil moist. Avoid summer basin soil is too dry or winter water is too large, too dry or too wet are easy to cause lower leaves to droop soft. Avoid strong light exposure in summer, can be placed in the shade of the shed, often sprinkle water, in order to maintain high air humidity.

Matters needing attention in the culture of southern fir

1. The young trees of Cunninghamia lanceolata had better change the pots every year or every other spring, and the plants that have been more than five years had better change the pots and turn the soil every two or three years.

2. to maintain environmental humidity, Cunninghamia lanceolata is not resistant to drought, so in the season of high temperature and drought, we should often spray water and spray on and around the leaves to increase air humidity and keep the soil moist.

3, do not basin soil too dry or too wet, it is easy to cause the softening of the lower leaves.

4. In order to apply fertilizer frequently, potted Cunninghamia lanceolata should be mixed with rotten leaf soil, peat soil, pure river sand and a small amount of mature organic fertilizer. When new buds sprout in spring, rarefied organic liquid fertilizer and calcium fertilizer should be applied twice a month to keep the leaf color moist.

5. The diseases of Cunninghamia lanceolata include leaf spot, branch blight and root nodule disease. Leaf spot disease and branch blight can be treated with methyl topiramate 8 ("double solution or 65% Dysen zinc wettable powder 500600 times); canker is smeared and disinfected with 40% Fumei arsenic solution or potassium permanganate 1001 times solution; root nodule disease is soaked with 1000 times solution of streptomycin. Insect pests are mainly harmful to shell insects. When a small number of pests occur, wash the leaves with clean water, and when more serious, you can use 40% omethoate emulsion 500-100 () times to kill.

How to cultivate Cunninghamia lanceolata culture methods and matters needing attention

Speaking of southern fir, I believe everyone is more familiar with it, because it is more common in our life, whether in the park or in the room can see its figure. Cunninghamia lanceolata has high ornamental value and is deeply loved by everyone, so do you know how to cultivate it correctly? Let's discuss the correct maintenance methods of Sequoia chinensis with the editor.

How to raise Sequoia fortunei

1. Soil: Cunninghamia lanceolata is cultivated in Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan, Yunnan and Guangxi, while the Yangtze River valley and its northern cities are potted and overwintered in greenhouse. It is most suitable to prepare rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand with rotten leaf soil, garden soil and river sand.

2. Watering: Cunninghamia lanceolata likes the humid environment, so we should pay attention to spraying clear water to the leaves in dry season and summer, which can not only increase the air humidity, but also keep the leaf color fresh and bright, which is very beneficial to its photosynthesis. Watering should be appropriate during maintenance and adequate in summer to supplement the need for foliar transpiration in time and avoid drought damage. But watering can not be excessive, so that the basin soil stagnant water, usually in order to keep the basin soil often moist.

3, light: Nanyang Shanxi has plenty of sunshine, the northern area generally moves to the south balcony or courtyard sunny place in early May, pay attention to proper shade after summer to avoid exposure. Farming in the north will be moved indoors at the end of September and the beginning of October, where there is plenty of sunshine, and watering should be controlled.

4. Temperature: Cunninghamia lanceolata prefers warm and humid climate, does not tolerate drought and cold, and can grow at many different temperatures, but the cold tolerance is not strong. The optimum temperature for growth is 724 ℃. If the temperature increases, it will increase the air humidity around the plant.

5. Fertilization: Cunninghamia lanceolata grows rapidly, so in its vigorous growth season, topdressing is often needed to supplement the nutrients needed for its growth. Generally, from the time of new bud germination in spring, we should pay attention to topdressing rotten thin cake fertilizer and water twice a month for its absorption and utilization in order to grow healthily.

6. Pruning: the lower branches and leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata are easy to wither and yellow and fall off gradually, which causes the whole plant to be top-heavy and beautiful, so it should be carefully managed and pruned as necessary.

Culture method of Cryptomeria fortunei

1. Lighting

Cunninghamia lanceolata likes the sunny growth environment and likes the sun, but the seedlings like the shade, which needs plenty of sunshine in winter and shade properly in summer to avoid sun exposure.

2. Temperature

Cunninghamia lanceolata likes a warm and humid climate, is not cold-resistant, and grows best when the temperature is maintained at 25 ℃-30 ℃. Indoor pot culture should be kept in a well-ventilated place and the room temperature should not be lower than 8 ℃.

3. Soil

Cunninghamia lanceolata likes the fertile soil. Pot culture requires loose and fertile soil with high humus content and strong drainage and breathability. it is better to mix 3 parts of loam, 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of coarse sand and a small amount of plant ash. The depth of the soil layer lies in the bud point of the upper rooting just exposed on the soil surface.

4. Watering

It is usually necessary to keep the relative humidity in the air above 70%. Watering frequently during the growing season, about 3 times a week, the best depth of watering is 10ml 15cm. With the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata, the frequency of watering is gradually reduced, and the basin soil and the surrounding environment are often kept moist.

Matters needing attention of Cryptomeria fortunei

1. Young trees change pots frequently. The young trees of Cunninghamia lanceolata had better change their pots every year or every spring, and the plants that have been more than five years had better change the pots and turn the soil every two or three years.

2. Keep the environment humid. Cunninghamia lanceolata is not resistant to drought, so in the season of high temperature and drought, we should often spray water and spray on and around the leaves to increase air humidity and keep the soil moist. Do not basin soil too dry or too wet, it is easy to cause the softening of the lower leaves.

3. Apply fertilizer frequently. Potted Cunninghamia lanceolata should be mixed with rotten leaf soil, peat soil, pure river sand and a small amount of mature organic fertilizer. When new buds sprout in spring, rarefied organic liquid fertilizer and calcium fertilizer should be applied twice a month to keep the leaf color moist.

Growth habit

Cunninghamia lanceolata, like light, seedlings like shade. Like warm and humid climate, not resistant to drought and cold. I like the fertile soil. It has fast growth, strong sprouting ability and strong wind resistance.

It needs plenty of sunshine in winter, avoids strong light exposure in summer, and is afraid of the dry gale in spring in the north and the hot sun in midsummer. It grows best under the environmental conditions of 25 ℃-30 ℃ temperature and 70% relative humidity. Pot culture requires loose and fertile soil with high humus content and strong drainage and air permeability.

As mentioned above, Cunninghamia lanceolata is one of the five largest park tree species in the world, which is planted in a large area all over the country, and it is the most common in general parks. In fact, Nanyang fir as a potted plant is also very elegant, potted plants will be relatively smaller and more exquisite, placed in the office area or room are very beautiful oh!