Popular science: strawberry seed planting technology

There are many steps in the body of this article, and beginners will be deterred from reading it, but after careful operation, they will find that it is actually very simple, but it looks more complicated after expressing it in words. In a nutshell, there are just a few steps:

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1. Use clear water to promote germination in 22 ℃ (pay attention to changing water, usually germinate in 7-30 days)

2. Move it to the seedling soil and add a lid to moisturize.

3. Wait for the appearance of 4 leaves, lift the lid and bask in the sun properly

= body catalog =

I. preparation before sowing

Second, the method of playback is to sprout before sowing

Third, the direct sowing of the playing method

4. seedling soil and seedling environment

I. preparatory work before germination

㈠ breaks dormancy [unnecessary, but worth a try]

Foreign players and some seed companies have advised strawberries to break dormancy at a low temperature before sowing. There are two ways:

a. Dry and cold storage method. Put the dried seeds in an airtight container (such as Le Kou Le buckle / sealed bag) and refrigerate them in a refrigerator at 0: 5 ℃ for 3 weeks. Do not open the sealed bag immediately when the time is up (the temperature will hurt the seeds if the temperature rises too fast). Let the sealed bag slowly rise from low temperature to room temperature before taking out the seeds.

b. Immersion cold storage method. Put the seeds into a clean disposable cup, pour half a cup of fresh mineral water, and refrigerate them in a refrigerator of 0: 5 ℃ for 7 days. When the time is up, proceed to the next step (such as washing seeds, accelerating germination, or sowing directly).

If ● does not want to sow seeds for the time being, it is necessary to use the first method to preserve the seeds. Nutrients are consumed quickly at room temperature.

● this step is not necessary, but a few varieties with germination difficulties can improve the germination rate by accelerating germination.

㈡ cleaning seeds [unnecessary, but recommended]

Cleaning reason: although the seeds of strawberries grow on the outer surface of the fruit, it is inevitable that some pulp attached to the seed shell will not be removed during the seed selection process, so that nutrients may cause the seeds to mildew and lose their vitality in the long process of germination.

Cleaning method: put the seeds into a clean container (such as a disposable cup), pour an appropriate amount of water, soak them in an environment between 10 ℃ and 30 ℃ for 8-24 hours (those that have been soaked in cold storage do not need to soak in water), then remove and rub them one by one with your fingers, each for about half a minute, as shown below:

● can also be rubbed in wipes or medical gauze, which is more convenient.

Second, the method of playback is to sprout before sowing

2.1 advantages of budding:

The first is the problem of germination rate. Strawberries are species that are difficult to germinate. Even plump and round seeds may not germinate 100%. For friends who use Jiefi seedling blocks or seedling boxes, there may be seedling blocks left vacant and a waste of valuable resources.

Second, the strawberry germination process requires high temperature, so putting the seeds together to promote germination can save space and effectively carry out heat preservation operation.

Third, promoting germination with clear water can observe the germination environment and deal with problems such as mildew and decay that affect the germination rate in time.

2.2 specific methods of sprouting:

The choice of containers can be small self-sealing bags or disposable cups. I am used to using disposable cups. If there are many varieties, one cup will be put into one variety.

★ some people are used to using paper towels or wet towels to cover them to promote germination, I do not recommend them, because the main conditions for germination are temperature and humidity, wet paper towels do not help germination. If you have to use paper towels, choose those with less fiber and melt in the presence of water, and avoid using wet towels!

Temperature strawberry germination requires a temperature of 22 ℃, and it is best to control it between 20 and 25 ℃. If the temperature is high, it is easy to mildew and rot, and the temperature is low to inhibit germination. However, when the germination process of cotyledons is over, the young seedlings can withstand a low temperature of 10 ℃.

Humidity disposable cup pour half a cup of mineral water, can not let the water dry, replenish water in time.

Breathable under the condition that the water is not dry, do not seal the cup, it is easy to mildew and rot.

Light is said to help sprout, but after long-term experiments, I found that light has little effect on germination. And the light environment is easy to produce green algae, which will worsen the water quality and consume oxygen in the water. (for the method of removing green algae, see below)

Water quality is best to use mineral water, tap water is also fine, avoid cold boiled water (no oxygen). When green algae are found in the water, they should be dealt with as soon as possible.

Germination time is the most concerned issue, but under the premise of healthy and active seeds, the accumulated temperature varies from variety to breed. Some varieties germinate in 5 days, others take 20 days, or even nearly 30 days. Time for transplant some people move the seeds to the nursery bowl as soon as they see the big white legs, but this is not the best time. When they see that the big white legs are equivalent to giving birth, the baby is only half-born, and the umbilical cord has not yet been broken. The whole will rot under the condition of poor temperature and humidity control. It is best to remove the small green "bean sprouts" and place them on the seedling bowl after both cotyledons are out of the seed shell.

The treatment methods of ★ green algae. If it is in the light of the environment to promote germination, it is easy to produce green algae, especially those who sprout dystocia. Green algae will consume the dissolved oxygen in the water, and should be dealt with as soon as possible after the emergence of green algae. The easiest way is to wash the cup, wash the seeds, and change the water. A more effective way is to pour out the original water, add 2000 times diluted swimming pool disinfectant, pour it out 30-60 minutes later, and then replace it with clean water.

Third, direct sowing without sprouting.

1. Soak the seeds in clean water for 8-12 hours and let them absorb enough water. If the water temperature can be kept at 30 ℃, it will be more helpful to germination.

2. Remove the seeds and put them directly above the seedling soil. There is no need to lay the soil.

3. Buckle with a transparent cover or plastic wrap and put it in a place with light (to prevent overgrowth after germination).

4. Keep the temperature between 20-30 ℃ before and after germination, preferably 22 ℃. After germination, the seedlings can withstand the low temperature of 10 ℃, but the growth rate is very slow. It grows fast in the environment of about 25 ℃.

For detailed requirements, please see part IV!

IV. Seedling raising environment

㈠ media formula:

★ ready-made: Jiefi Seedling Peat

★ ready-made: Zhonghe or Walong nutrient soil

★ self-made: nutrient soil 2: coconut soil 1: garden soil 2

★ self-made: nutrient soil 1: coconut soil 1

㈡ media disinfection [unnecessary]:

1. Jiefi peat, expanded with water and heated in microwave oven for 2 minutes, is sterilized.

2. Self-equipped medium: keep the medium moist and heat it in the microwave oven (the time depends on how much the medium is put)

㈢ medium humidity

The humidity of the medium is damp but not wet, and it will drip water in the palm of the hand, which means that there is too much water. Too much water hinders respiration, so it is difficult to form air roots and is easy to rot. And it is also easier to breed green algae on the surface of the medium and compete with Miao for resources.

Seedling block: peat absorbs enough water and expands and pours out the excess water.

Self-made soil: add the seedling grid, compact it slightly, pour half the water into the tray, put it in the nursery box and let the water absorb automatically from the bottom up. When the soil surface is all wet through, pour out the remaining water in the tray.

For the small "bean sprouts" that promote sprouting, dig a small mung bean-like hole in the middle of the seedling soil before entering the basin, put the big white legs into the "pit", cover the lid, and continue to maintain the high wet air environment.

㈣ illumination

Before the appearance of 4 true leaves, do not let the sun shine directly in winter or summer. After the appearance of true leaves, light can be seen properly sooner or later.

In winter, indoor seedlings should be raised with supplementary lights, and the illuminance is at least 10000lux.

㈤ air humidity

In the process of germination and half a month after germination, it is necessary to keep the air highly humid, so as not to let the air dry the tender stems.

㈥ temperature

This is a very important condition, seed germination requires a certain temperature to provide energy. Like most other plants, strawberries need more than 20 ℃ to germinate, it is best to control the belt 22-25 ℃, low will inhibit germination, too high will dormancy.

In early spring, late autumn and winter, use heating wire with thermostat to keep the temperature stable.

As long as the sun is kept out of the sun in summer, it is no problem that the temperature is higher.