A must-read for ornamental fish culture-- bait

Both goldfish and tropical fish can be divided into three categories in terms of their eating habits, namely, carnivorous, vegetarian and omnivorous. But mainly carnivorous and omnivorous, only a very small number of fish feed on pure plant food. After you know the eating habits of the fish, you should consider what specific bait to use. Generally speaking, the bait commonly used to feed fish can be divided into three categories, namely, natural animal bait, plant bait and artificial bait.

1. Animal bait

There are many kinds of animal bait, ranging from invisible protozoa to fish feed.

(1) protozoa

Common aquatic protozoa are paramecium, amoeba, shell worm, bell worm, rotifer, water rotifer and so on. These zooplankton often float on the surface of sewage at dawn in late spring and early summer in the shape of egg yolk flakes, known as "gray water", also known as egg yolk water, which can be caught before and after dawn and are the ideal bait for young fish. There are many kinds of rotifers, and the individual is also larger than "gray water", but it should be raised for a long time and die easily after fishing.

(2) Water flea

Water fleas belong to the copepods and cladocera of arthropods, with larger individuals and stronger vitality. Several common fleas can be found in figures 21 and 22. These magnets can live in aquariums, they feed on phytoplankton in the feed, and learning is conducive to water purification. Sword water flea is a copepod, there are many species of this kind of animals, its body is blue. Jump and stop when swimming, so it is also called "Qingtiao". In short, water is a kind of bait with rich nutrition, which contains a variety of amino acids, fat and calcium in the body. The effect of using them to raise fish is very good, but "Qingtiao" is easy to die and rot. Oil is separated from the surface of the water, and these oil droplets spread to form a water surface film, isolating the contact between water and air, thus affecting the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water. So don't overfeed.

(3) earthworms

Earthworms are terrestrial and aquatic, and terrestrial earthworms can also be used to feed fish, although some fish that are used to eating fish are not used to earthworms at first, but they will soon adapt. When feeding smaller fish with earthworms, they should be chopped first. Water earthworm is a common bait in the fish market, its body is red and the line is like a line, so it is called red nematode and red nematode. Because water earthworms live in sludge, the worms are dirty and should be washed repeatedly before feeding. And when feeding, it should be placed in the feed box and suspended in the aquarium. When the nematode comes out of the small hole at the bottom of the feed box, it can be eaten by the fish immediately, so as to prevent the red nematode from drilling into the sand bottom of the aquarium and keep the water quality clean.

(4) insect larvae:

The larvae of many insects are also good bait for fish, such as fly Ming, which is tender and nutritious, and is a good bait for fattening fish and mosquito larvae. In the past, people did not pay attention to it. In fact, it is rich in protein (more than 80%). If the bait is mixed and put into the aquarium, it will be the first to be eaten by the fish. The blood worm is the larva of Chironomus, which is about 1-2cm in length, cylindrical and red, and is also called "oil flea" in the north. The nutritional value of the blood worm is quite high. It contains not only rich protein, fat and vitamins, but also a kind of aromatic substance, which has good palatability to fish and is most suitable for medium or large fish to eat.

(5) other animal baits:

In addition to all kinds of fresh live food mentioned above, egg yolk, meat pieces and animal liver are also favorite bait for fish. In the case of lack of live food, the meat or animal liver can be chopped and fed. After the egg yolk is cooked, it is mashed, dried, stored in a sealed glass bottle and fed at any time. These dry feeds are rich in nutrition and convenient for storage. But before farewell, you should pay attention to check to see if it has gone bad, and never feed dry feed that has gone bad with the smell of Harper.

2. Plant bait

There are also many kinds of plant bait suitable for omnivorous or vegetarian fish. Many of the algae growing in the aquarium are bait for fish. But their numbers are limited, especially for omnivorous fish. Therefore, some other plant baits which are widely sourced, cheap and suitable for production and preservation should be selected as auxiliary bait for fish. For example, spinach contains a lot of vitamins, and it is easy to get, so it can be blanched, chopped and fed, so spinach is a good plant bait, and the physique of fish can be enhanced after eating spinach. Soybean milk is also a kind of nutritious bait. It is a liquid that soaks soybeans into liquid. Soybean milk is suitable for feeding fish fry and can also be used in large fish ponds or ponds. However, the amount of soybean milk should be strictly controlled when feeding soymilk to avoid polluting the water quality. In addition, foods without fat, such as noodles, rice and steamed bread dregs, are ground and used as bait. However, because the fish is not very fond of eating, so the amount of feeding should not be too much, such as too much, it will cause feed water deterioration. Of course, food like popcorn is very playful, it can float on the water, it will not pollute the water, and it is also an ideal bait.

3. Artificial bait

In fact, artificial bait can be divided into two kinds: artificially raised active animal food and artificial compound feed. When feeding fish, it is best to use live bait, especially for beginners, this is more important. However, at present, the amount of active bait raised in captivity is still very limited, and sometimes it is necessary to use artificial bait to feed fish. If you are in doubt about whether the artificial bait on the market has all the nutrients needed for the growth of fish, you can also make it yourself.

There are many raw materials for making artificial bait, such as dried pig, shrimp, fish, crab, egg yolk, chicken blood, cow blood and so on. These substances are cooked in boiling water, dried and made into rotten grains, and then these particles are screened. Particles of different sizes are bottled and can be used to feed fish and re-made into particles, and the feeding effect will be even better.

Formula 1: 37. 5g of fish meal, 37. 5g of shrimp meal, 37. 5g of liver, 19 g of vegetable, 1 egg and 112.5 g of fabric. Mix these substances with water and make them rotten and dried in the sun.

Formula 2: defatted silkworm kidney meal 30%, barley meal 60%, fish meal 10%, vitamins, salt.

Formula 3: pig, bovine blood meal 30%, fish meal 30%, egg 10%, bean curd powder 10%, flour 19.5%, mineral salt 0.3%, multivitamin 0.1%, calcium 0.1%

Of course, when making fish bait, all localities should also determine the composition of the formula according to the specific conditions of the local raw materials, but the nutritional value should be as comprehensive as possible. Whether self-prepared artificial bait or market-sold artificial bait, although they can make up for the deficiency of natural bait, they are easy to cause water quality to deteriorate, so the feeding amount should be controlled, especially for professional fish production units. of course, it is more suitable for large-scale fish farms.

In addition, what kind of bait is given to different fish depends on the size of the fish. The newly born oviparous fish can be fed the next day, while the egg-laying fish should be fed after 4 or 5 days after the oocysts have basically disappeared (sealed belly). For young and small fish, it is better to feed gray water at first. With the increase of fish body, the bait can also be changed to medium-sized live bait or dry shrimp, small fish and so on. For large carnivorous fish, you can swallow larger shrimp, Loach, meat and other bait. In addition to the above-mentioned bait, marine fish can also be fed with algae, corals, sponges and so on. When feeding, pay attention to the allocation of bait, when the fish do not eat a certain bait, should replace other bait.