Annual planting Management of Sugar Orange

Shatang tangerine is an evergreen fruit tree with a continuous life cycle, many times of shoots, long fruit growth period, assimilation and flower bud differentiation in winter. once planted, it will grow on the same land for many years. Therefore, sugar orange will selectively absorb a large amount of nutrients all the year round, resulting in unbalanced nutrients in the soil. Fertilizer and water management in the orchard is an important reason that affects the yield of sugar orange.

The growth and fruit of sugar orange requires balanced nutrition to adjust the balance between vegetative growth and fruit development in order to obtain high yield and high quality fruit. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer often leads to excessive vegetative growth; in the fruit expansion period, more potassium fertilizer is often needed, if it can not be met in time, it will affect the yield and quality of the fruit. Fertilization should be a combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, young trees should mainly apply nitrogen to promote growth, fruiting trees should apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the basis of nitrogen fertilizer to improve yield and quality, and senescent trees need to apply more nitrogen fertilizer to restore tree potential.

To bring you the focus of the first anniversary of sugar orange planting, hoping to help sugar orange growers to provide some help.

January (Lesser Cold to Greater Cold)

Central work: promote flower bud differentiation and control winter shoots.

Phenological phase: flower bud morphological differentiation period. Main management measures:

The main results are as follows: (1) continue to harvest the fruit, finish the fruit in time, and restore the tree as soon as possible.

(2) properly control the water to the leaf micro-roll, but in case of long-term drought, it should be properly watered.

(3) loosening and cultivating the soil, repairing drainage and irrigation water conservancy projects and repairing terraces.

(4) clear the garden in winter, spray 0.8-1 Baume-sulfur mixture or 12-degree turpentine mixture once.

(5) spray dormant to control winter buds and spray them before or just out of fruit.

(6) Young trees and old and weak trees are fertilized with cold fertilizer to promote spring shoots.

(7) pruning fruit trees, cutting off withered branches, disease and insect branches, leafless branches and long branches.

(8) spraying foliar fertilizer: spraying organic and inorganic fertilizer for 2 times before and after fruit picking.

(9) before the sprouting of spring shoots, plant fruit seedlings and pour enough water into the roots.

February (the Beginning of Spring to Rain Water)

The work of the center: promoting flowers and strong flowers.

Phenological phase: spring shoot germination and flower bud stage.

Main management measures:

(1) after harvesting the fruit from the tree, continue to finish the work of clearing the garden.

(2) fruiting trees apply quick-acting chemical fertilizer (such as compound fertilizer) to promote flower, and young trees apply pre-shoot fertilizer and post-shoot fertilizer.

(3) dripping (irrigation) water should be used in spring drought.

(4) ammonium molybdate and borax were sprayed at the flower bud stage of fruiting trees, once every 7 days, twice in a row, in order to improve the flower quality.

(5) Young and middle-aged fruiting trees can remove excessive spring shoots and leave 3 new shoots on each base branch.

(6) pay attention to the control of scab, anthrax, red spiders and aphids.

March (from stinging to the Spring Equinox)

Central work: mainly protecting flowers and strong flowers.

Phenological phase: spring shoot growth period, flower bud stage, early flowering stage and full flowering stage.

Main management measures:

(1) spraying root fertilizer: spraying amino acid sugar phospholipid, zinc sulfate, borax and so on at flower bud stage, once every 7 days, twice in a row.

(2) to grow strong trees, the spring shoots or branches should be thinned, and the over-long spring shoots should be cut into 15 cm and 20 cm.

(3) each tree applied 30g magnesium sulfate, 15g zinc sulfate and 25g borax on the ground of fruiting trees. Urea and compound fertilizer were applied to young trees to promote growth and prosperity.

(4) long drought should be irrigated, and flowers and ears should be sprayed with clear water.

(5) drain water in rainy days, shake flowers in time in rainy days, and prevent retting and rotten flowers.

April (Qingming Festival to Grain Rain)

Central work: fruit protection and insect prevention.

Phenological phase: full flowering stage-Xiehua stage, young fruit development stage and the first physiological fruit drop stage.

Main management measures:

The main results are as follows: (1) the strong and prosperous trees with few flowers cut the trunk after Xiehua 1 beat 3, and the trees with many flowers and strong growth cut the main branches once a circle to protect their fruit.

(2) the fertilizer of Xiehua was applied at 2 / 3 of Xiehua.

(3) spraying root fertilizer, spraying amino acid glycosylphospholipid and cytohormone for 2 times after flowering.

(4) spray carotene, spray 20 mg Jack gibberellin once 5-7 days after flowering.

(5) pay attention to the prevention and control of anthracnose, scab, spiders and red spiders.

(6) Young trees and fruit trees erase sporadic summer shoots.

(7) Young unfruited trees should be fertilized to promote strong summer shoots and continue to plant fruit trees and replant fruit seedlings.

May (the Beginning of Summer to Lesser Fullness of Grain)

Central work: fruit protection and strong fruit.

Phenological phase: the second physiological fruit drop period, young fruit development stage and summer shoot germination period.

Main management measures:

The main results were as follows: (1) Fruit protection and fortified fruit were sprayed once before the second physiological fruit drop, and then sprayed again after 15 days, and mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate.

(2) spraying amino acid glycosylphospholipid 2 times 3 times this month.

(3) for the growing and strong trees, the main branches were cut for the second time to protect fruit 15 days after the first ring cutting.

(4) the fruit tree wipes the summer shoot to prevent fruit drop.

(5) make a good tree plate to cover sunscreen.

(6) pay attention to eliminate stagnant water in orchards on rainy days.

(7) pay attention to the prevention and control of spiders, red spiders, bugs, longicorn beetles, scale insects, anthrax and canker.

(8) Young trees apply fertilizer in front of the shoots, wipe the buds and control the shoots, and release the summer shoots uniformly from the end of the month to the beginning of next month.

June (Grain in Beard to the Summer Solstice)

Central work: wiping summer shoots, controlling diseases and pests and strong fruits.

Phenological phase: the second physiological fruit drop period ends, summer shoot stage.

Main management measures:

(1) continue to wipe summer shoots, once every 3 to 5 days, or spray summer shoots with orange shoots, pay attention to the concentration.

(2) the fruiting trees with more fruit and less summer shoots should be properly applied with water and fertilizer, but not for other trees.

(3) the orchards in hilly and mountainous areas were deeply turned into green and improved soil, and were applied with phosphate fertilizer and lime.

(4) dredge the ditch and remove the stagnant water in time.

(5) do a good job in the prevention and control of spiders, longicorn beetles and canker.

(6) the application of strong shoot fertilizer to young trees should be uniformly released in the first ten days of this month at the latest.

July (Lesser Heat to Greater Heat)

Central work: pick (wipe) summer shoots or spray shoots.

Phenological phase: fruit expansion stage and summer shoot stage.

Main management measures:

(1) continue to apply summer shoots until autumn shoots are released.

(2) the trees with primary fruiting for 1-2 years put their shoots once at the beginning of the month, but the perennial fruiting trees were re-fertilized with autumn shoots and continued to control shoots.

(3) to apply autumn shoot fertilizer, organic fertilizer was mainly applied 10-15 days before shoot release, combined with nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer.

(4) cut the upright branches with a diameter of 0.5 cm to 0.8 cm in the middle and upper part of the crown in summer, leaving 4 cm branches with stakes.

(5) do a good job of drought prevention and moisturizing, and irrigate in time in case of drought.

(6) pay attention to the control of tarantula, red spider, citrus planthopper, leaf miner, butterfly larva, longicorn beetle and canker.

(7) Young trees in mountain orchards were deeply turned to green and improved soil after summer shoots were ripe, and fertilized to promote shoots.

August (the Beginning of Autumn to the End of Heat)

Central work: shoot promotion, shoot protection and strong fruit.

Phenological phase: fruit expansion stage and autumn shoot stage.

Main management measures:

The main results are as follows: (1) wipe the buds once before putting shoots.

(2) it is appropriate to choose moderate rain when putting autumn shoots, and to resist drought and maintain moisture in case of drought.

(3) after releasing shoots, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of new shoots, so as to achieve "one shoot and two drugs", that is, spraying medicine at the shoot length of about 1cm and 10cm respectively.

(4) the fruiting trees should apply organic fertilizer deeply after the autumn shoots are mature, but they should be covered in time to prevent drought.

(5) Young trees should apply sufficient fertilizer to promote shoots, uniformly release shoots, and strengthen extra-root topdressing.

(6) pay attention to shoot thinning after shoot release, leaving 2-3 strong shoots on each base branch, superfluous thinning.

September (White Dew to the Autumn Equinox)

Central work: strong tips and strong fruits.

Phenological phase: autumn shoot turning green and fruit rapid expansion period.

Main management measures:

The main results are as follows: (1) the application of strong shoot and strong fruit fertilizer, mainly potassium fertilizer, combined with magnesium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, was applied after autumnal shoot self-cutting.

(2) foliar fertilizer: spraying root fertilizer during the period of leaf development and turning green of autumn shoot and new leaves.

(3) to control new shoot pests and pay attention to the harm of mites.

(4) Young trees with summer shoots put out autumn shoots at the beginning of the month.

(5) drought prevention and moisturizing, shallow loosening of soil, covering and watering.

(6) Young trees should be careful to apply strong shoot fertilizer to prevent winter shoots.

(7) do a good job of fruit support.

October (Cold Dew to Frosts Descent)

Central work: strong fruit.

Phenological phase: rapid fruit expansion period, autumn shoot turning green period.

Main management measures:

(1) promote the ripening of autumn shoots and spray foliar fertilizer for 2 times.

(2) for old and weak trees that bear too much fruit, or orchards with seriously curled leaves due to dry weather, attention should be paid to orchard irrigation.

(3) pay close attention to the deep turning and soil improvement of young orchards.

(4) the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, with special attention to the prevention and control of spiders.

November (the Beginning of Winter to Lesser Snow)

Central work: prevent winter shoots, promote flower bud differentiation and prepare for fruit harvest.

Phenological phase of fruit trees: fruit ripening, flower bud differentiation and winter shoot germination.

Main management measures:

(1) properly control moisture to prevent winter shoots from sprouting.

(2) the fruit trees with more fruit can be watered properly to strengthen their fruit, and those with less fruit should pay attention to digging holes to sun their roots to prevent winter shoots.

(3) spray 800 mg / kg paclobutrazol to control strong shoots, and pay attention to the control of red spiders and spiders.

December (heavy snow to the Winter Solstice)

Central work: seize the opportunity to pick fruit, promote flower bud differentiation, prevent winter shoots and control diseases and insect pests.

Phenological phase: fruit ripening, flower bud differentiation.

Main management measures:

The main results are as follows: (1) High-yielding trees collect fruit in stages in the middle of the month and practice "one fruit and two pruning".

(2) Young and middle-aged trees continue to dig holes to cut roots and expose roots to make water, and sour orange rootstocks are cut around to control shoots and promote flowers.

(3) the trunk is whitened with lime paste.

(4) after carefully making the fruit, clear the garden in winter, pick and cut diseased leaves and withered branches in time, and concentrate on burning.

(5) spray stone sulfur mixture, turpentine mixture or other chemical pesticides to eliminate diseases and insect pests.

(6) Postharvest fertilizer is mainly mature organic fertilizer, combined with appropriate amount of compound fertilizer and trace elements such as magnesium, zinc, boron and so on.

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