Introduction to the Technology of Bee Culture

Introduction to the methods of Bee Culture

New beekeepers need: 1, beehive 2, beehive 3, bee species 4, management of the four seasons 5, disease prevention and other links, more content, limited space, some introduction.

Beehive, nest frame, nest foundation, honey shaker, scraper, noodle net, smoke puffer, king board and other appliances.

Beehive standard box, at present, the beehive commonly used in our country is 10-frame standard box, also known as Lang's beehive, which is composed of 10 nest frames, box body, box bottom, nest door board, auxiliary cover, box cover and partition. Ten boxes: strong and durable wood such as undeformed red and white pine, Cunninghamia lanceolata and poplar can be used. The thickness of the plate is not less than 2 cm. The box has a circumference of 465 mm, a width of 380 mm and a height of 245 mm. There is a buckle on the outside of the front and rear wall, which is easy to carry. The upper part of the inner side of the front and rear wall is each with a slot of 8 mm wide and 25 mm deep, and an iron guide bar is nailed at the notch, which is 17 mm away from the upper edge of the box. 2. Box cover a, beehive cover b (secondary cover) gauze cover. 3. The bottom of the box.

2. Bee gear

Honeybee feeding and management has many places, in addition to the beehive, there are nest foundation, honey distributor, noodle net, scraper, bee broom, partition board and so on are necessary, according to the size of the bee selection, other bee tools such as the production of royal jelly, the production of bee pollen and other appliances can be purchased according to the needs.

1. Nest foundation

The nest foundation is the foundation installed in the nest frame for bees to build the nest and spleen. It is a man-made beeswax sheet, pressed by a nest machine, and has a board base of the nest floor and nest wall. There are Italian beehive bases for raising European honeybees, drones for producing drone pupae, and Chinese beehive foundations for bees in breeding. The nests built with nests have neat, flat and strong spleen, and there are few male hives.

2. Noodle net

The noodle net is a tool to protect the operator's head and neck from bee stings when managing the bee colony.

3. Pick up the scraper

A special tool for beekeeping. There is a machete at one end and a flat knife at the other. Use it to pry, scratch and shovel things. Such as prying the sub-cover, scraping the dirt in the beehive and on the nest frame.

4. Smoke sprayer

It is a tool to take town clothes or drive away bees. It is composed of a chimney and a net cage. When in use, light the paper, hay or linen, put it in the chimney, cover the mouth, encourage the bellows to emit thick smoke, but do not spout sparks.

5. Bee broom

It is mainly used to sweep the bees attached to the hives, spleen, box, king frame and other bees. It is a long fan-shaped long hair brush. There are generally two rows of bristles, 65 mm long, made of white horse bristles or ponytail hair that are not easy to absorb water.

6. Bee stool

Bee tools and log books for management can be placed. Sit on the bench when checking the colony.

7. King's board

The partition board is a grid board to control the spawning and activity of the queen bee, which strictly divides the colony into breeding areas and honey-producing areas, so that larvae, pupae, pollen and so on will not be mixed with honey, and worker bees can pass freely. The lead wire partition board made of No. 14 lead wire is firm and durable and is not easy to deform; the gap between the two lead wires is about 4.4 mm, and the queen bee cannot pass, but the price is more expensive. The bamboo wire partition board made of 7.5 mm diameter bamboo wire is convenient to take materials in the south of our country, easy to process, low cost, but poor firmness, easy to deform, the king partition board is divided into plane partition board and frame type partition board. The flat partition board separates the breeding nest from the honey storage box to facilitate the extraction of honey and improve the quality of honey. The frame-type partition board is inserted into the beehive to control the queen bee to lay eggs on several spleen.

8. Feeding utensils can be used to supplement the feeding of honey, syrup, or water, including:

The main results are as follows: (1) the nest door feeder, also known as the bottle feeder, is composed of a wide-mouth bottle and a base. The bottle cap nails several small holes, and the bottle full of honey is inverted and inserted into the base. Under atmospheric pressure, honey can be sucked out by bees without dripping. At night, the base mouth of the nest door feeding is inserted into the nest from the nest door, which is suitable for reward feeding and can avoid causing bee theft. For the weak group that is not full, it can be fed outside the partition in the beehive. The plastic cup feeder developed by the apiculture of Hebei Agricultural University is easy to carry. After filling with syrup, the bottom cover is covered, flipped and placed horizontally, and inserted into the nest from the nest door.

(2) frame feeder

It is a long flat feeding trough similar in size to the standard nest frame. There are wooden and plastic ones, which can also be made of coarse bamboo. Inside, there are thin wood chips floating strips for bees to gain a foothold when feeding, and the frame feeder is suitable for supplementary feeding. In addition, the shallow grooves chiseled into rectangular beams on the nest frame can also be used to feed a small amount of honey.

(3) Nest top feeder

It is a large feeder placed on top of the beehive, the size of which is similar to that of a shallow relay box. It is suitable for emergency supplementary feed and overwintering feed, and can hold 5 to 10 liters of syrup at a time.

9. Queen bee inducer

There are several commonly used queen bee inducers, such as wood inducer, safety inducer, frame inducer and so on.

(1) wooden inducer

The wooden sleeve inducer is a flat iron gauze cage with a small hole in the wood plug at one end and a pullable iron piece, and a thin wooden board is inserted into the open end of the iron gauze cage.

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