High-yield planting techniques of eggplant!

I. introduction of varieties

Good varieties are the prerequisite to obtain higher economic benefits, and the selection of improved varieties is an economical and effective means to prevent diseases and control pests.

At present, the excellent varieties of eggplant that are more suitable for planting in our county are: Changfeng No. 2 purple eggplant. The yield per mu is about 4000 kilograms. Qiong No.2 purple male eggplant with a yield of about 3000 kilograms per mu. Purple noble people purple long eggplant, about 3000 kilograms per mu. Among them, Changfeng 2 has a larger cultivation area.

II. Soil conditions

It is better to use loam and sandy soil with deep, fertile and soft soil and good drainage and irrigation, and avoid consolidated soil and leaking bottom soil.

III. Suitable broadcast time and specifications

The suitable sowing time for winter seeds is from the first ten days of September to the end of November.

The amount of seed used is about 25 grams per mu and 900 plants are planted per mu.

The plant spacing is 60ml / 70m, and the row spacing is 90m / 100w.

IV. Seed treatment

1. Seed soaking in warm soup

Soak the seeds in clean water for about 8 hours, then soak the seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 20 minutes to kill the germs on the seed surface.

2. Pesticide treatment

Soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for 15 minutes, then rinse the seeds for 3 times and then sprout.

5. Preparation of nutritious soil for raising seedlings

2 parts of garden soil, 1 part of pig and cow manure (after fermentation), 1 part of grain hull ash and 1 part of compound fertilizer, mixed well for many times, and then sifted can be used in raising seedlings.

VI. Disinfection of seedling bed

Use 50% carbendazim 500-fold solution + 58% metalaxyl 500-fold liquid to tsk the seedling bed and cover it with film for 4 days and then uncover the film to raise seedlings.

Nutrient soil must not use the soil that has been planted with eggplant, it is better to raise seedlings with nutrition bags, which is conducive to transplanting and survival.

VII. Soil improvement

In order to make eggplant grow early and grow quickly, it is necessary to do a good job of soil control before planting, requiring three ploughs and three harrows to achieve fine soil, and at the same time do a good job of bedding and adequate application of basic fertilizer.

Regulating soil acidity and basicity and applying sufficient base fertilizer

Most of the soil is acidic and slightly acidic, which is conducive to the occurrence of bacterial wilt, so it is required to apply 50 kg more lime per mu to neutralize the soil. Lime should be sprinkled on the surface when turning the soil for the first time and pressed for about 15 days, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied at the same time, and the amount of base fertilizer should be determined according to the target yield and the abundance and lack of soil fertility. It is generally required to apply 2000 kg pig and cattle fertilizer plus 50 kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + 50 kg compound fertilizer after mixed retting.

9. Accelerating germination and sowing

After the seeds were treated, the seeds were soaked in clean water for 8 hours, then wrapped with wet gauze and placed in a hotbed with 24 ℃-30 ℃, and the temperature was generally turned once every 6 hours, and the water was replenished in time.

When the temperature is low, the electric lamp is used to control the temperature, and when 80% of the seeds are white, they can stop sprouting and sow.

The transplanting time of eggplant seedlings is generally 28 mi 30 days, and the leaf age is 8 mi 10 true leaves can be transplanted. The transplanting of young seedlings is difficult to survive, and it is difficult for seedlings to grow early and grow quickly.

10. Plant adjustment

For the varieties with exuberant plants, in order to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions and increase the photosynthetic productivity, the natural happy pruning method is generally adopted, that is, each layer of branches retain two symmetrical branches that grow diagonally or horizontally to the fork, and the other branches, especially the upward branches, are removed, and the overdense leaves, especially the old leaves, are removed.

11. Topdressing management

1. Light application of seedling fertilizer.

2. Re-apply fruit fertilizer.

3. Skillfully apply strong fruit fertilizer.

Specific methods: the seedling fertilizer is about a week after planting, when the root system is not developed enough, about 10 kg of compound fertilizer is left and poured with water. In the peak growth period, topdressing 3 Mel for 5 times. When the door eggplant is enlarged, a large amount of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied. 500 kg of organic fertilizer plus 50 kg of compound fertilizer was applied, and 15 kg of compound fertilizer was applied every 10 days during the fruit period. The fruit-hanging period focuses on nitrogen and potassium to promote the coordination of nutrient transport and growth.