Matters needing attention in planting spring lentils

Lentils, also known as hedge beans, magpie beans, noodle beans, locally also known as eyebrow beans, knife beans, etc., eat young pods and seeds. Lentils not only have high nutritional value, but also have medicinal values such as invigorating spleen and promoting dampness. In recent years, the sales price is higher, and the corresponding planting benefit is also increased. Spring lentils should choose very precocious or precocious hybrids, such as Changbian 1, Changbian 2, very early Cuilu 4, spring lentil Ⅰ, spring lentil Ⅱ and so on.

Continuous cropping is the most important thing for lentils. Continuous cropping of lentils not only caused serious diseases and insect pests in the year, lentil yield decreased, or even no harvest, but more serious is that after the lentil harvest, there will be a large number of residual disease and insect sources in the field, increasing the base of disease and insect sources in the coming year. It is generally necessary to rotate with non-legume crops for 2 to 3 years.

Soil preparation and fertilization: most of the previous crops of spring lentils are Chinese cabbage, radish, green onions, garlic seedlings and other stubble, should be ploughed in advance, and apply sufficient basic fertilizer, and then ridging, generally using ridge wide narrow row cultivation. The ridge is 12-15 cm high and 1.2 meters wide (including grooves). The dragon noodles are tortoise-shaped, with 2 rows planted on each ridge. It can also be planted in a single row with a ridge width of 70 cm.

Seedling raising: in order to get on the market early, seedlings can be raised in small arched sheds or sunny beds in mid-March, or direct seeding in early April and covered with plastic film. Nutritious soil should be provided before sowing. The method is: 6 parts of disease-free and insect-free fertile garden soil, preferably onion and garlic stubble soil, 4 parts of mature cow, sheep, mule, horse and pig manure, mixed and screened. 20 kg of rotten chicken manure, 1 kg of diammonium phosphate, 10 kg of plant ash, and 200 g of 1% formalin solution were sprayed and sterilized per cubic meter of nutritious soil. After spraying, mix the nutritious soil and seal it with a film for two days to kill the germs. Then cool in the sun for a few days, distribute the medicine in the soil, and then fill it into a nutrition bowl or seedbed. Sow 1-2 seeds in each bowl and cover the soil. Sow 1-2 lentils in the seedbed according to the row spacing of 8 cm, watering the greenhouse film.

Transplanting density: when the seedling age reaches 15-20 days, it can be planted in the field. The plant spacing is 40 cm for 2 rows per ridge and 35 cm for single row planting.

Frame pruning: when the main vine grows to 35 cm, build a frame to draw the vine in time. The "person" word frame is generally adopted. When the main vine grows to about 1 meter, pick the heart once in time to promote the lower tidbits, in order to improve the early yield. When the side vine grows to more than 1 meter, pick the heart again.

Water and fertilizer management: when spring lentils are dry, the horse should be watered down the ditch in time to water thoroughly, but there should be no stagnant water. In case of heavy rain, timely drainage to prevent water stains retting roots. Spring flat bean has a long podding period and high yield, so it needs enough nutrients. On the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, it can be fertilized 1-2 times according to its growth. Foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 7 days after flowering for 2-3 times. Boron fertilizer could increase the pod setting rate of lentils and molybdenum could enhance the nitrogen fixation of rhizobium. 0.1% borax aqueous solution can be used to spray fertilizer, and 0.05% ammonium molybdate aqueous solution can be used to spray fertilizer outside the root, generally 2-3 times, each time at an interval of 7-10 days.

Harvest: lentils grow faster in spring. It takes 18-20 days from flowering to fresh pod maturation. Fresh pods should be harvested in time after maturity, once every 2-3 days.

Continuous cropping is the most important thing for lentils. Continuous cropping of lentils not only caused serious diseases and insect pests in the year, lentil yield decreased, or even no harvest, but more serious is that after the lentil harvest, there will be a large number of residual disease and insect sources in the field, increasing the base of disease and insect sources in the coming year. It is generally necessary to rotate with non-legume crops for 2 to 3 years.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: the diseases of spring lentils are very few, and 1.5% carbendazim 500,800x solution, or carbendazim 500x solution plus 1000 times superfine mancozeb solution, or Shuangkang 600800x solution, or Fusheng 800x solution can be used to control alternately for 2 times. The main pests are bean pod borer, Plutella xylostella, Helicoverpa armigera, etc., which can be sprayed with 1000 times of vegetable nanny or Kanglu Gongchen, or 1500 times of Yitaibao EC, or 2000 times of poisonous scorpion or 1000 times of Beevar.