Planting season and method of Platycodon grandiflorum: how to plant Platycodon grandiflorum and when to plant it? Points for attention in planting Platycodon grandiflorum

Under normal circumstances, the market purchase price of fresh Platycodon grandiflorum per kilogram of first-class goods is 2.6-6.0 yuan, and the purchase price of dry goods is 12 yuan per kilogram. At present, the market gap of Platycodon grandiflorum is relatively large, 5 million kilograms per year, accounting for only about 50% of the demand. The market is in short supply. Therefore, it is profitable to grow Platycodon grandiflorum.

First, land selection and land preparation. Choose sloping land with sufficient sunshine and deep soil layer or flat land with good drainage, and the soil quality should be sandy loam or humus soil. Apply 4000 kg of soil and miscellaneous fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer and plough 30-40 cm deeply. Fine rake flat and make a border 1.2-1.5 meters wide.

2. Main points of reproduction

1. Seed treatment: select large, full and dark biennial Platycodon grandiflorum seeds, put them in warm water of 50-60 ℃, stir and float continuously, and soak them for 12 hours after the water is cool, or soak the seeds with 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 12 hours, which can improve the germination rate.

2. Sowing time: autumn sowing, winter sowing and spring sowing are all available, but autumn sowing is better. Autumn sowing produces seedlings in the same year, the growing period is long, and the fruiting rate and root diameter are significantly higher than those of the following spring sowing. Winter sowing or spring sowing: winter sowing from November to January of the following year, spring sowing from March to April. It is better to sow in winter, generally using sowing.

3, sowing method: generally use direct seeding, but also can raise seedlings and transplant. The yield of direct seeding was higher than that of transplanting, and the root shape was small and the quality was good. A furrow is opened on the border surface according to the row spacing of 20-25 cm, with a depth of 4-5 cm and a sowing area of 10 cm. In order to make the seeds evenly sown, sow seeds evenly with 2-3 times fine soil or fine sand, and cover the soil with 2 cm after sowing. Seed amount: direct seeding 750g / mu, 1000 g / mu, seedling 2350-5000 g / mu.

III. Field management

1. Interseedling and replenishing seedlings: thinning seedlings appropriately when the height of seedlings is 2 cm, setting seedlings when the height of seedlings is 3-4 cm, leaving 1 strong seedling with a distance of about 10 cm. Seedling replenishment and inter-seedling can be carried out at the same time, and it is easy to survive with soil.

2. Ploughing and weeding: as the early growth of Platycodon grandiflorum is slow, weeds should be weeded in time, generally 3 times, the first time when the seedling height is 7-10 cm, the second time after January, and the third time after a month.

3. Fertilizer and water management: fertilizer should be topdressing in late June and July according to plant growth, mainly human and animal manure, combined with a small amount of phosphate fertilizer and urea, watering in drought and drainage in rainy season.

4. Topping and flower removal: when the seedling height is 10 cm, 2-year-old planting plants are topped, and annual or biennial non-remaining plants are all removed flowers, so as to reduce nutrient consumption and promote the growth of underground roots. Ethephon sprayed with 1ml/L at full flowering stage could basically achieve the purpose of flower removal, and the yield was 45% higher than that without ethephon.

IV. Pest control

1. Wheel sheath disease and sheath blight are mainly harmful leaves. At the initial stage of the disease, 100 Bordeaux solution or 1000 times carbendazim solution can be used to control the disease.

2. In the larval stage of May-6 months, the root damage caused by Tetranychus can be sprayed with 1000 times solution of 90% trichlorfon or 50% phoxim.

3. Aphids and red spiders can damage seedlings and leaves with 40% dimethoate emulsion 1500-2000 times or 80% dichlorvos emulsion 1500 times, once every 10 days.

4. Dodder can spread in a large area in Platycodon grandiflorum field and should be pulled out in time. In addition, trichlorfon poison bait can be used to kill mole cricket, ground tiger and grub.

Fifth, harvest and processing. Sowing for two years or transplanting in the autumn of the same year, when the leaves are yellow, you can dig, cut off the stems, leaves and Reed heads, wash the soil from the roots, soak them in water, scrape off the surface with bamboo or glass, wash, dry or dry with anthracite hot Kang.