High-yield cultivation techniques of eggplant

Eggplant as a vegetable, at present, farmers grow a lot, and eggplant as a diet, can be made into potato roasted eggplant, Yu-Shiang Eggplant （Sautéed with Spicy Garlic Sauce）, roasted eggplant with minced meat and so on. And the economic price of eggplant is also OK, farmers planting eggplant can increase income, improve farmers' living standards, and promote the supply-side reform in rural areas. What is brought today is the high-yield cultivation technology of eggplant.

I. grafting and raising seedlings

1. Soaking seeds to accelerate germination

Soak eggplant seeds with 50% carbendazim or Jiamejin for 1-2 hours, or soak eggplant seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes to room temperature, and soak with Jiamei points for 6-8 hours. After 16 hours under 25-30 ℃, then cool to 20 ℃ for 8 hours, or 30 ℃ for 8 hours, 20 ℃ for 16 hours, and change repeatedly. Turn twice every morning and evening, spray water properly when you see dry, and cool down to 16-25 ℃ for exercise after sprouting.

2. Sowing seeds

The original soil and dividend of unplanted Solanaceae crops, diammonium phosphate and plant ash were mixed into seedling soil, and then watered thoroughly. When sowing, it should be covered with a thick 1cm nutrient soil dividend. The optimum temperature for eggplant germination is about 30 ℃.

II. Colonization

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

10-15 days before planting, the bottom water is fully irrigated, and the rotten farm manure 9000kg per mu is generally applied. Oil residue above 150-200kg, diammonium phosphate 30kg, potassium sulfate 30kg, calcium superphosphate 80-100kg. Mix evenly, sprinkle 2/3 into the ground to make ridges, and the remaining 1/3 are concentrated on the bottom of the ridge. Ridge height 15-20cm, ridge width 80cm, ridge width 50cm.

2. Greenhouse disinfection

Add dichlorvos 0.25kg with sulfur powder 2-3kg per mu, mix well with sawdust and light it in heaps, then set it in airtight greenhouse for 24 hours.

3. Planting density

The planting density of eggplant is generally about 2200-2500 plants per mu.

III. Management after planting

The main results are as follows: 1. The slow seedling stage after planting usually takes 7-10 days, the temperature is about 30 ℃ in daytime, 20 ℃ at night, and the ground temperature is about 25 ℃. The relative humidity is 75% occasionally, the root system is strong and the seedlings are sturdy. Pruning should be done in time after slow seedling stage, and old leaves, diseased leaves, yellow leaves and malformed fruits should be removed, which not only saves nutrients to prevent diseases, but also helps ventilation and light transmission.

2. Fertilizer and water management

When the watering temperature is about 20 ℃, dark irrigation under plastic film is generally adopted, and the principle of applying fertilizer and water for many times with a small amount is adhered to. Generally, about a week after planting, Jiamei is applied 1-2 times with 5-10 kg / mu. At the same time, fulvic acid organic fertilizer and medium and micronutrient element Jinli can be used to irrigate roots to improve the buffer of soil temperature and soil and promote flower bud differentiation. About six weeks after planting, eggplant entered the flower bud stage, vegetative growth and reproductive growth were carried out at the same time. Jiameichong was applied 15-20 kg 2-3 times per mu, and fulvic acid and medium and micronutrient elements such as Jiamejin were sprayed 2-3 times to improve pollination rate, protect flowers and fruits, and control deficiency diseases.

Fruit-picking fertilizer should be applied frequently. When the door eggplant is harvested, the second and third layers of fruit will also expand and grow, blossom and sit fruit one after another, apply 20-25kg / mu of fertilizer to Jiamei, and then apply it every 10-15 days. Spray fulvic acid, boron, calcium and other micronutrient elements 2-3 times.

IV. Harvest

The standard of eggplant harvest is that when the ring band where the sepals are connected to the fruit is not obvious or disappears, it indicates that the fruit has stopped growing, and the harvest yield and quality are better. Use scissors to cut the fruit stalk during harvest to avoid damaging the plant by hand.