Detailed explanation of pesticide formulations and the most complete comparison table of pesticide formulations are all here!

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Pesticide dosage form

Most of the crude drugs produced by pesticide factories can not be used on crops directly without processing. Because the amount of pesticide active ingredients per hectare is very small, often only a few hundred grams, dozens of grams, or even less than 10 grams. If it is not diluted, it is impossible to spread so few pesticides evenly over such a large area, so the role of pesticides can not be brought into full play. When using pesticides, it is also required to attach to crops or insects and weeds, so some other auxiliary materials must be added to improve their wetting and adhesion properties. In addition, pesticide processing can also prolong the residual period of pesticides or process highly toxic pesticides into safe dosage forms. In short, in order to use pesticides safely, economically and effectively, raw drugs must be processed into suitable preparations. The name of a pesticide preparation usually includes three parts, namely, active ingredient content, pesticide name and dosage form, such as 2.5% deltamethrin EC, 50% Sukeling wettable powder, 2.5% chlorothalonil smoke scavenger, and so on. The dosage form is actually a morphological feature of the preparation, which mainly includes the following:

(1) Powder (Dustable powder, DP) powder is usually made by mixing raw drug and filler (or carrier) and a small amount of other auxiliaries (such as dispersant, anti-decomposing agent, etc.) to a certain fineness. The content of active ingredient in powder is usually less than 10%, which does not need dilution and direct powder spraying, and can also be used for seed dressing, preparation of poison bait or poisonous soil, etc.

(2) wettable powder (Wettable powder,WP) this is a kind of powder that is easily wetted by water and can be suspended and dispersed in water. It is usually made of raw drugs, fillers or carriers, wetting agents, dispersants and other auxiliaries by mixing and crushing to a certain fineness. Wettable powder is generally sprayed after diluting water to a certain concentration, and its active ingredient content is usually 10%-50%, and there are also varieties as high as 80%.

(3) soluble powder (Soluble powder,SP) is a powder form composed of water-soluble raw drugs, fillers, wet-spreading agents and other auxiliaries. Soluble powder can be diluted with water directly and then sprayed, and the content of active ingredients is usually more than 50%, some as high as 90%.

(4) granule (granule) is a loose granule form formed by mixing and granulation of raw drug, carrier and other auxiliaries. It is generally used for direct application, and its active ingredient content is usually 1% to 20%.

(5) Water dispersible granules (Water dispersible granule,WDG or WG) are composed of raw drugs, fillers or carriers, wetting agents, dispersants, stabilizers, adhesives and other auxiliaries. When the water dispersible granule is added to the water, the preparation quickly disintegrates and disperses to form a suspension, which is diluted to a certain concentration and sprayed, and the content of its active ingredient is usually more than 70%.

(6) Emulsifiable concentrate,EC is a homogeneous transparent solution formed by dissolving crude drugs, emulsifiers and other auxiliaries in organic solvents. Its active ingredient content is usually between 20% and 50%, but there are also varieties as low as 1% and as high as 90%. Diluted with water to form a stable milky liquid for spray use.

(7) the two dosage forms of water emulsion (Emulsion in water) and microemulsion (Microemulsion,ME) are made from insoluble raw drugs, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, antifreeze and water by homogenization process, generally without or with a small amount of organic solvents. The particle size of concentrated emulsion is mostly between 0.5 ~ 1 μ m, the appearance is milky white, and it is a thermodynamically unstable system, while the particle size of microemulsion is mostly between 0.01 ~ 0.1 μ m, and the appearance is transparent homogeneous liquid, which is a thermodynamically stable system. The effective components of water emulsions are usually between 20 and 50%, and the contents of effective components of microemulsions are usually between 5 and 50%, which are diluted to a certain concentration by adding water for spray.

(8) Water suspending agent (Aqueous suspension concentrate, SC) is a mobile form in which water-insoluble solid drugs, wetting agents, dispersants, thickeners, antifreeze agents and other auxiliaries are ground and dispersed in water. Its active ingredient content is usually about 40% to 60%, when in use, add water to dilute to a certain concentration of suspension for spray.

(9) oil solution,OS is an oil solution of pesticides, and some varieties contain co-solvents or stabilizers. The active ingredient content of the oil agent is generally 2050%, and it does not need to be diluted to spray with ultra-low capacity sprayers.

(10) smoke agent (smoke generator) smoke agent is mixed and processed into powder or cake by raw drug, fuel, combustion aid, flame retardant and so on in a certain proportion. There is no open fire after ignition, and the pesticide can be condensed into fine particles (smoke) in the air after heating and gasification.

(11) seed coating agent (Seed dressing agent) is a special dosage form formed by adding a certain amount of adhesive and film-forming agent on the basis of suspending agent, wettable powder, EC and so on. After the seed is treated with seed coating agent, a firm film is formed on the surface of the seed.

(12) sustained-release agents (controlled release formulation,CRF) can control the pesticide formulation in which the effective components of pesticides are slowly released from the formulation. Microcapsules (miocrocapsule formulation) are commonly used. Liquid or solid pesticides are coated in capsules with a particle size of 30 ~ 50 μ m. When used, pesticides are slowly released through the capsule wall to exert biological effects.

In addition, there are water agent, aerosol, smear, poison bait, paste, paste and other dosage forms.

Wettable powder-WP: when in use, you should first add a small amount of wettable powder, stir and add medicine at the same time, do not add too much medicine at one time, so as to avoid uneven mixing, pour the mother liquor into the sprayer medicine box that has been filled with half water, then fill it with water, stir evenly and spray. Soluble powder-SP: can be dissolved with water to prepare an aqueous solution for spraying. EC-EC: it is made by dissolving and mixing pesticides, solvents and emulsifiers. After entering the water, it can be dispersed into an oily homogeneous liquid pesticide form of emulsion. Water dispersible granule-WDG: the granule form of water dispersible granule can disintegrate quickly and disperse to form suspension. Dry suspension agent-DF: dry suspension agent is composed of active ingredients and many kinds of additives, which has the same characteristics and advantages as suspension agent, except that it is dry and granular, complicated in manufacture, high in cost and more convenient to use. Concentrated emulsion-stock emulsions is a preparation of liquid pesticide prepared by mixing liquid or solvent, in which tiny droplets are dispersed in water. Unlike the emulsion in which water is diluted, it is a concentrated solution of the emulsion. Concentrated suspending agent-suspensionconcentrates solid raw drug is dispersed and suspended in aqueous medium containing many kinds of auxiliaries and can flow in high depth viscous agent. The aqueous solution form of aqueous solutions pesticide is a real solution in which the agent is dispersed in water in the state of molecules or ions. The concentration of the agent depends on the water solubility of the active ingredients, and it is generally diluted with water when it is used.

The acronym of pesticide formulation is attached.

Acronym for pesticide formulation

AE

Aerosol

FSB

Suspension seed dressing agent

PA

Paste

SLX

Soluble liquid agent

AF

Water soluble powder

FSN

Suspension concentrate

PB

Bait tablet

SO

Development film oil

AS

Aqueous agent

FU

Smoke agent

PC

Window screen coating

SP

Soluble powder

AY

Aqueous solution

GA

Gas preparation

PF

Smear agent

SPX

Soluble powder

BF

Block agent

GB

Dry mixing agent

PG

Floating granule

SV

Solid-liquid mosquito repellent incense

BJ

Pencil agent

GD

Luring core

PP

Effervescent tablet

SZ

Wettable powder seed coating agent

BR

Slow-release agent

GF

Dry granule

PS

Bait cream

TA

Tablet

BS

Seed dressing agent

GG

Large granule

PT

Pill

TC

Raw drug

CC

Cockroach scent

GJ

Ointment

QJ

Ball agent

TF

Raw powder

CG

Microencapsulated granule

GR

Granule

RB

Poison bait

TK

Mother drug

CJ

Microcapsule

GS

Fat cream

RC

Mosquito repellent cream

TKD

Dripping liquid

CN

Microcapsule

GZ

Dry powder seed coating agent

RG

Bait agent

TKL

Mother liquor

CS

Microcapsule suspending agent

JG

Colloidal suspension

RJ

Glue bait

TKP

Mother powder

DC

Dispersible liquid agent

JJF

Crystal powder

RK

Mosquito repellent milk

TP

Tracking powder

DF

Dry suspending agent

JP

Soaking solution

RM

Insect repellent tablet

ULV

Ultra-low volume agent

DL

Powder granule

KK

Barrel mixture (liquid / solid)

RO

Mosquito repellent dew

VA

Electric mosquito paste

DP

Powder

KL

Barrel mixture (liquid / liquid)

RQ

Mosquito repellent

VM

Electric mosquito repellent tablets

DPC

Dust agent

KP

Bucket mixture (solid / solid)

RR

Hot aerosol

VP

Fumigant

DS

Dry seed mixing agent

KPP

Effervescent granule

RSC

Water emulsion seed coating agent

WF

Wet powder

EA

Effervescent granule

LD

Liquid agent

RT

Deworming zone

WG

Water dispersible granule

EB

Bait grain

LV

Electric mosquito repellent liquid

RW

Mosquito repellent toilet water

WJ

Dispersible granule

EC

Emulsion oil

MC

Mosquito incense

RWQ

Mosquito repellent tablet

WN

Soluble concentrated agent

EL

Electric mosquito repellent

ME

Microemulsion

SC

Suspending agent

WP

Wettable powder

ES

Seed treatment emulsion

MG

Fine granule

SD

Seed coating agent

WS

Wet seed mixing agent

ET

Electric mosquito killing paste

MP

Anti-moth agent

SE

Suspension emulsion

WT

Soluble tablet

EW

Water emulsion

MZ

Anti-moth tablet

SF

Spray agent

WTX

Soluble tablet

FG

Fine granule

NE

Concentrated emulsion

SG

Soluble granule

WZ

Water dispersible tablet

FK

Aerosol

OF

Oil suspending agent

SGX

Soluble granule

YB

Medicine pen

FP

Cigarette flake

OL

Oil agent

SKS

Water surface dispersant

YC

Fly incense

FS

Suspended seed coating agent

OP

Oil dispersible powder

SL

Soluble agent

ZC

Seed treatment agent

ZF

Seed treatment dispersible powder

English acronym for pesticide formulation

TC original drug TK mother drug DS dry seed mixing agent FS suspension seed coating agent

SD seed coating agent WS wet seed mixing agent AS water agent CS microsuspension capsule

DC dispersant EC EC ME microemulsion OL finish

SC suspension SE suspension emulsion SL soluble liquid UL ultra-low volume agent

CG microcapsule granule DF dry suspension DP powder FG fine granule

GR granules MG granules SG soluble granules SP soluble powders

WG water dispersible granule WP wettable powder WT wettable tablet MC mosquito incense

VP fumigant FU smoke agent BR sustained release agent