Development status and trend of Broiler Industry in China

After nearly 30 years of development, China's broiler industry has realized the transformation from traditional breeding mode to modern breeding mode: first of all, broiler industry is a successful representative of the development of China's agricultural industry. It has become the most perfect agricultural industrialization, the most typical market-oriented operation, and the most direct industry in line with international standards. Secondly, China's broiler industry is a model of scientific and technological progress. Through the adoption of new technology, new equipment and new technology, the production efficiency of the whole industry has been continuously improved and the level of industrialization has been improved day by day. Thirdly, the broiler industry plays an important role in the broad masses of farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich, the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and the construction of agricultural industrialization. Although China is the second largest broiler producer in the world, compared with the advanced broiler industrial countries in the world, the broiler industry in China started relatively late. There is still a certain gap between China and the United States, a big country in the broiler industry in the world, in terms of production level, processing technology, quarantine standards and so on. A survey on the competitiveness of large exporting countries of broilers conducted by the British Grocery Distribution Research Institute shows that China's chicken industry ranks last among the major exporting countries in terms of health and disease prevention and control, management level, government policy and legislative support, and the utilization of science and technology. China's advantage in production is that the labor resources are abundant and relatively cheap.

As an emerging industry, the development of China's broiler industry has at least the following characteristics: first, the development of China's broiler industry is synchronized with the growth of macro-national economy, and it is an industry field with great potential for development. Second, the development of China's broiler industry is less affected by the planned economic system. In the initial stage of specialized broiler production in China, a large amount of foreign capital was introduced, large-scale Sino-foreign joint ventures were established, and market-oriented development was adopted. Industrial competition is relatively orderly; third, China's broiler industry has achieved large-scale and regional development earlier, and the areas with rapid development of broiler industry are mainly export-oriented. Fourth, the improved breed breeding system, product processing and market sales needed for modern broiler production have been basically formed, with a good basis for development; fifth, some one-stop enterprises, their production level has reached or close to the world's advanced level, especially in the fine segmentation and deep processing of chicken products, China has a greater advantage. Sixth, there is still a large gap between China's broiler industry and Europe and the United States, which is embodied in the low production efficiency and poor production level of commercial broilers. Seventh, China's broiler industry is still in the primary stage of development, is a strong cyclical industry, the market fluctuates greatly, and the development of the industry is unstable.

1 present situation of broiler industry in China

1.1 Chicken production and chicken trade

China's total chicken production increased from 1.358 million tons in 1984 to 10.62 million tons in 2007 (see Table 1), and continued to grow at an annual rate of 5% to 10%, making China the second largest chicken producer in the world. Under this impetus, the annual per capita consumption of chicken in China has also grown from 1.03kg in 1984 to 8.7kg in 2007, which has increased by 8 times. Chicken has become the second largest meat consumer product in China after pork. China's chicken production accounted for 17.2% of total meat production in 2008, up 11 percentage points from 6.2% in 1984.

As the meat consumption habits of Chinese consumers pay more attention to pork, there is still a big gap between the per capita chicken consumption level of our country and the international level. At present, in the major regions of the world, the annual per capita chicken consumption of the United States is 44.3 kg, the annual per capita chicken consumption of Australia is 35.4kg, and the annual per capita consumption of Saudi Arabia is 38.7kg. Brazil, which is both a developing country, also has an annual per capita consumption of 34.3kg, which are far higher than the annual per capita 8kg level of our country. In recent years, due to the influence of food safety and other factors, China's chicken exports have been shrinking. In 2007, China exported 130000 tons of chicken, accounting for only 1.2% of the total chicken production. at the same time, the sharp increase in chicken imports and chicken smuggling have seriously affected the Chinese market, which has also seriously damaged the interests of China's broiler industry.