Rose Industry in Shiqiao Town, Nanyang City

Rose is one of the most popular flowers in the world. It is estimated that the annual consumption of fresh cut rose in China will reach 100 million in the next 10 years. As one of the sunrise industries in the flower and tree industry, the rose industry has great potential for development. Shiqiao Town, Nanyang City, Henan Province, the hometown of Chinese rose, is the largest rose seedling breeding base and export foreign exchange earning base in China. A few days ago, a reporter from China Green Times went to Nanyang, the ancient capital, to visit the production of rose in Shiqiao Town.

In late autumn, the rose flowers in Shiqiao Town are still blooming one after another, red, yellow and white. At first glance, the rose base is like a touch of rosy clouds on the horizon, reflecting this piece of land that has experienced vicissitudes. It is understood that the planting area of rose in Shiqiao Town, Nanyang City is more than 8000 mu, with 120 million cuttings and bare-root seedlings coming out of the nursery every year. The supply of rose seedlings accounts for 80% of the domestic market and is exported to the Netherlands, Brazil, Japan and other countries, accounting for 60% of China's total rose exports.

At the right time and in the right place, the ancient capital is rejuvenated.

Nanyang, located in the southwest of Henan Province, is known as "Nandu" and "Emperor Township". It is a transitional zone between the north and the south, with four distinct seasons, mild climate and abundant rainfall. The inclusive characteristics make Nanyang an ideal area for domestication of varieties such as "moving flowers from the south to the north" and "sending flowers from the east to the west".

In 1981, some farmers in Shiqiao Town introduced famous rose varieties from Beijing, Shanghai and other places, and the rose took deep roots in this land. After 30 years of continuous cultivation and specialized production, the planting area of rose in Shiqiao town increased steadily.

"China Rose leading Enterprise" Nanyang Rose Base has a planting area of more than 5000 mu, which is currently the largest rose seedling breeding base in China. According to Xu Chunfeng, assistant president of Nanyang Rose Base, the superior climate and other natural conditions are the prerequisite for Nanyang to become the center of rose seedling breeding in China.

"in Nanyang, especially in Shiqiao Town, winter rose seedlings can survive the winter in the open air; seedlings can be raised in large-scale solar greenhouses; the natural growth period of rose can reach 8-9 months in a year, which is equivalent to the growth trend of two years in the north; compared with the south, it has the advantage of naturally entering the dormant period, and can kill most of the pests and germs in the soil after frost test." Xu Chunfeng said.

It is understood that in other rose seedling production areas in China, most varieties are only divided into colors, collectively referred to as red rose, yellow rose and pink rose, but the development of Nanyang rose has firmly taken the road of variety purity since the beginning. After more than 20 years of introduction and internal breeding, the actual number of varieties of Nanyang rose has reached more than 700. Nanyang rose base also continues to develop and promote new rose strains according to market demand. Since the 1990s, Nanyang rose base and Beijing Institute of Landscape Science have successively launched Fujimoto rose suitable for urban greening and ground cover rose to prevent soil erosion.

Today, Nanyang Rose Base has become a private enterprise specializing in scientific research, production and sales, specializing in the production of rose seedlings. Annual production of tree-shaped rose, big flower, vine, ground cover, abundant flowers, miniature, roses, cut flowers and other types of rose A-grade standard seedlings more than 20 million.

Cooperate and develop, unite the people to enter the market

In 2008, Nanyang Rose Cooperative, the first professional rose cooperative in Nanyang City, was established under the guidance of the government. In accordance with the voluntary principle, the cooperative organizes a number of large rose growers and scattered small households in Shiqiao Town, integrates land, funds, personnel and other resources, and guides rose growers to take the road of scale and industrialization.

At present, the cooperative rose planting area of more than 1600 mu, built rose seedling breeding base, cut flower production base and so on. Nearly 60 members, and established order sales relations with more than 90 flower farmers, covering more than 60% of Nanyang small and medium-sized rose nursery households. It is understood that in the first half of this year, the sales income of cooperatives has reached 7.8 million yuan. The cooperative is applying for the rose seedling standardized large-scale production base project, through the operation mode of "cooperative + base + peasant household", so that the seedling, breeding, transportation, sales and other links are closely coordinated to achieve great-leap-forward development of economic and social benefits.

According to the 12th five-year Development Plan of Nanyang Flower Industry and the Development Plan of Nanyang Rose Industry, the Nanyang Municipal Government is speeding up the cultivation of a number of leading enterprises and professional cooperatives with strong production and market development capabilities. to form a mode of production of "leading enterprises + bases + farmers" or "professional cooperatives + bases + farmers". Guide enterprises, professional cooperatives and farmers to establish a long-term and stable purchase-sales relationship, develop by order, implement unified planning, unified shed construction, unified seedling supply, unified management, unified brand, unified sales, and strive to realize the specialization, intensification and industrialization of rose flower and seedling production.