The orchard on the mountain builds light rail to harvest and fertilize water easily.

Original title: citrus ride light rail, fruit growers enjoy happiness.

Self-propelled dual-track orchard transporter equipped with spraying equipment

Citrus industry is the pillar industry of the relevant main producing areas in China and the "money bag" of fruit growers, but because 90% of citrus is planted in mountainous areas, the site condition is poor, and the level of mechanization of mountain orchards is low, its production is mainly completed by manpower, and the labor intensity is very high. In recent years, speeding up the mechanization development of mountain orchards has become a consensus from all walks of life, especially with the means of production and fruit transportation of mountain orchards as a breakthrough, all parties have made concerted efforts to make this weak link take a gratifying step.

Yichang, Hubei Province: mechanization enriches orange growers

"I've been growing oranges for almost 30 years, and now it's a good time. Even my orchard has built a 'light rail'. Transportation, pruning, sprinkler irrigation, fertilization, spraying, and post-natal processing are all mechanized, but I've tasted the sweetness!" Whenever he talks to people about his "high-tech" orange orchard, Chen Jiarong, a big contractor at the Jinyin Gang Citrus demonstration Farm in Yiling District, Yichang, Hubei Province, smiles from ear to ear.

Chen Jiarong, 63, who has been growing oranges since 1988, is an expert at growing oranges and now contracts 15 mu of orange orchards in the citrus demonstration farm. Although this year is a "small year", he estimates that there is still an output of more than 60,000 jin. "even at the current rate of 1 yuan per jin, the income is more than 60,000 yuan." Chen Jiarong said quite proudly.

Of course, this 60,000 yuan is not a net profit, but also after deducting the costs of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and labor. But Chen Jiarong is not worried at all. "my orange orchards are all mechanized, and they don't cost much money."

In his orange orchard, the reporter saw that a special track was built according to the situation, two deep grooves, a cart with rollers, and a special operating computer room. Chen Jiarong made a demonstration, only gently press the switch, about a thousand jin of oranges can go down the mountain smoothly, saving time and effort. Similarly, some means of production, such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and production tools, can also be transported to the field through these rail cars.

It is understood that this set of rail transport vehicles are built using funds from the national agricultural subsidy program, and orange farmers do not spend any money. This kind of transport vehicle has the advantages of low investment, simple operation, energy saving, convenient and practical, which not only reduces the labor intensity of farmers, but also improves the work efficiency, and is welcomed by local farmers.

Chen Jiarong also calculated an account for us. "in the past, fruit picking was all carried on the shoulder, and the labor cost was correspondingly high. At that time, the fruit picking fee was 1.51 jin, but now with a transport truck, it is only a dime a jin. In the past, each person used to pick up to 30 times a day, with a maximum of 100 jin per trip, but now one car can transport 1000 jin. If it is calculated on the basis of an average of 100000 jin per year, I can save more than 10, 000 yuan by picking and transportation alone. " Chen Jiarong said that in addition to his own orange orchard, the rail car can also serve the surrounding farmers and be used to transport the means of production.

Orange orchard not only realized the mechanization of transportation, but also made full use of mechanized pruning. "in the past, I could only finish pruning an acre of orange trees a day, but it took me and my son half a month to trim them all! Now mechanical pruning is much easier, and a tree can be easily done in a minute and a half. " There was a smile on Chen Jiarong's face.

At the Jinjingang Citrus demonstration Field in Yaqueling Town, technicians only need to press the button gently, and all the micro-sprinkler irrigation pipes in the garden will begin to rotate 360 degrees without dead angle. Citrus micro-drip irrigation equipment adopts the most advanced automatic control equipment and is operated remotely by mobile phone and computer network. The relevant pipe network can realize the unified operation of irrigation, fertilization and medication, which not only saves labor and water, but also can better make orange trees photosynthesis, which can increase production by about 20%.

Government policy and financial support is an important guarantee for the development of citrus mechanization. The annual mechanization subsidies used in the citrus industry in Yiling District are more than 3 million yuan, with a total amount of more than 15 million yuan, mainly used to subsidize graded waxing machines, ploughing machinery, plant protection equipment, drainage and irrigation facilities, and so on. The government spends more than 20 million yuan every year on superimposed subsidies for citrus production machinery, focused on green prevention and control, brand promotion, market development, support for professional citrus production cooperatives, and so on. According to incomplete statistics, during the 12th five-year Plan period, the special funds used by the district government to support the development of the citrus industry in the region exceeded 120 million yuan.

With the improvement of quality, Yiling citrus sells well in 23 provinces (cities and regions) in China, and exported to Russia, Canada, Spain, Japan, Thailand, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions. In October this year, Yiling District held the Fifth Yichang (Yiling) Citrus Festival in China, which attracted Russian FruJack Industrial Co., Ltd., Thailand Shenfa Refrigeration Co., Ltd., Beijing Xinfadi, Carrefour and other Chinese and foreign businessmen to discuss cooperation, with a total sales volume of 395000 tons, accounting for 43.8% of the total citrus output in the region, with a total agreement amount of 711 million yuan. Zhu Jiamei Zhu Yongjie

Meizhou, Guangdong: transport planes have solved the labor shortage

Recently, the Guangdong Provincial Agricultural Mechanization Technology extension Station held an on-the-spot meeting on mountain fruit production mechanization technology demonstration and promotion in Dapu County, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province. The on-the-spot meeting focused on demonstrating the mountain (slope) transportation machinery and post-natal treatment mechanization technology developed by the national citrus industry system team. mechanization technologies such as land preparation, water-saving irrigation, burrowing, plant protection, pruning and post-natal processing of mountain fruits were also demonstrated and demonstrated.

Meizhou, which is located at the confluence of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian provinces, has lost a large number of young and middle-aged labor force in recent years, and it is still very difficult to hire people at a daily wage of 150 to 200 yuan during the busy agricultural season, and the problem of "labor shortage" in mountain orchards is very prominent. In order to solve this problem, the city relies on the National Citrus Industry Technology system Machinery Research Laboratory (South China Agricultural University and Huazhong Agricultural University team) and Meizhou Shatian Pomelo Comprehensive Test Station. The test, demonstration and application of mountain orchard transporter were carried out in Meixian, Pingyuan, Dapu and Wuhua counties. Through the comprehensive utilization of mountain orchard traction double-track, monorail and trackless transport, the labor intensity is greatly reduced and the shortage of rural labor force is alleviated.

Yang Shousheng, chairman of Meisheng Fruit Professional Cooperative, Mei County District, Meizhou City, has a high yield area of 330 mu of Shatian pomelo and honey pomelo, and the orchard has a large slope. The team of South China Agricultural University installed a fixed and a traction disassembly double-track transport machine for the orchard, and the team of Huazhong Agricultural University installed a trackless transport plane for him. "each transport plane can transport more than 600 kilograms of fertilizer or grapefruit at a time, which is equivalent to the transport capacity of 15 to 20 people," he said. This year, with the support of the Meixian District Agricultural Bureau, two new mountain orchard traction double-track transporters have been installed in my orchard. "

Meizhou Dapu County Shunxing planting and breeding Co., Ltd. is a leading agricultural enterprise in the production of honey pomelo. "every season of picking and transportation of pomelo, we have to look for workers everywhere. With a lot of labor, high labor intensity and low efficiency, the amount of grapefruit harvested is far behind the pace of sales, labor shortage and high cost, affecting the economic benefits of honey pomelo cultivation. In 2015, my orchard installed seven mountain orchard towed double-rail transporters, according to the power size of a transport capacity of 300 to 600 kilograms, a day transport capacity can be more than 50 workers 2-3 days of work, this labor-saving transport machine is especially suitable for steep mountain orchards, in addition to fruit transport, but also complete the transport of fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural machinery and tools. Remote control operation, the two ends of the track automatic stop, very convenient. " Deng Zhanhua, general manager of the company, said.