Liu Youshan: characteristic planting brings benefits to one side

Liu Youshan (first from right) discussed planting techniques with his companions in the field.

Show one's skill in the rape field

Liu Youshan was born in Suining, Sichuan Province in 1964. Due to living difficulties, he came to Shangkuli Farm in Hulunbuir City with his mother at the age of 10 and worked at Shangkuli Farm in 1981.

Liu Yushan does everything in a down-to-earth manner, grazing in the production team, building infrastructure, and driving tractors. However, with excellent achievements from an early age, he never gave up his studies, and soon he was admitted to Hailar Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technical Secondary School to study agronomy. after graduation, he returned to the farm to become an agricultural technician, and from then on he began to devote himself to the study of rape planting technology. He stayed in the fields all day to check the situation of seedlings and check the quality of his work, from soil preparation, seed selection, sowing, chemical weeding before seedlings, field management in ploughing to harvest, threshing, sun turning, and cleaning, all of which were soaked in his sweat. Under special circumstances, he is the first to bear the brunt. One day, there was a sudden strong wind of force 7 or 8, and the land was filled with wind and sand. Liu Youshan was desperate to find a car to run the land of three or four agricultural production teams to check the disaster situation to remedy it. On another occasion, there was a sudden appearance of frost and snow in the morning, and the wheat and rape that had already emerged suffered unprecedented freezing disasters. Liu Youshan ran more than 100 miles in one breath at dawn, failing to eat, so he arranged remedies one by one, plot by plot, and reduced the loss to a minimum.

According to the growth habits and development rules of rape, Liu Youshan has done a large number of experiments in seed dressing, weeding, disease control, insect control and frost disaster, wind disaster and drought prevention, using many new methods and summing up a whole set of planting experience. At that time, in order to ensure the yield and efficiency of rape, he tried to choose summer sowing. For the stubble or continuous cropping land, he chose the summer ploughing stubble with sloping land and deep loose foundation. In order to improve the multiple cropping index, he popularized conservation tillage and no-tillage with stubble sowing, which is an important measure to protect ecology, save cost and increase efficiency, resist drought and preserve soil moisture, prevent wind and protect seedlings and obtain high yield. He used no-tillage sowing machinery to sow rape under no-tillage in wheat and barley stubble fields, explored the expansion of conservation tillage areas and crop types, and integrated with dry farming techniques to speed up the transition from less tillage to no-tillage, and expand the no-tillage sowing area year by year. For all kinds of disasters, he advocates that "prevention is more important than cure", such as drought prevention, he will select or introduce drought-tolerant varieties. To prevent wind disaster, choose no-tillage conservation tillage in wheat stubble land. Occasionally, when there is a sudden frost, he will reseed as soon as possible, or reseed other crops according to the situation.

Liu Youshan concluded that the weed control effect of using glyphosate before emergence of rape was very good, and this technology won the second prize of "Research and Popularization of High efficiency Chemical Weed Control Technology in rape Field" in Hulunbuir City. The 1 million mu rape high-yield technology popularized and planted won the second prize of the Ministry of Agriculture. Now 1.5 million mu of rape fields in the whole reclamation area are applying this technology, and the total planting area has been more than 20 million mu. In 2006, Liu Youshan selected a new rape variety Qingza 5 from dozens of rape varieties, which has the advantages of cold tolerance, high yield, high quality, high oil content and strong stress resistance. it was first introduced and planted in Shangkuli Farm and began to be planted on a large scale in 2007. in the case of extreme drought, the average yield of Qingza 5 rape field was 210 kg per mu, creating a new record in Hulunbuir agricultural reclamation history, and soon extended to the whole reclamation area. Shangkuli Farm is also listed as a national demonstration site for high yield of rapeseed by the Ministry of Agriculture.

The new field manager is a lucky player.

In April 2011, Liu Yushan was transferred to Sheertala Farm (branch) by Hulunbuir Land Reclamation Group as general manager and director. Over the past five years, he has made great efforts to promote comprehensive agricultural high-yield cultivation techniques, so that the total output of grain and oil has reached 100 million jin, the operating profit has exceeded 100 million yuan, and the two indicators are "double over 100 million." the workers said happily: "the new field director is a 'lucky general', and we are exposed to the light."

But Fujiang is most aware of the hardships of planting.

In his first year in office, God gave Liu Youshan a hard time. There is no effective rainfall for more than 40 days from early May to mid-June. What can we do without Rain Water? Delay the sowing date of rape and try to avoid the early drought! "the normal sowing date of rape is around April 25th, but will it not be sown in May?" The farm staff began to worry, but Liu Youshan said, "wait a few more days, and you won't be afraid of a good meal." A few days later, when it really rained heavily, Liu Yushan immediately asked the agricultural teams to sow rape without tillage in all the stubble fields, strictly requiring standardized operations: strictly controlling the sowing depth, the seeder must install two suppression devices, and increase the number of times of repression. seize the opportunity to kill weeds before sowing. The rape field had a bumper harvest that year, and the agricultural income of more than 40, 000 mu of rape alone increased by 10.8 million yuan.

According to the main contradiction of drought and little rain, barren land, high sediment content and rapid water loss in Xiertala area, Liu Youshan made an in-depth comparison between rape and wheat, and decisively put forward some countermeasures. "in the past few years, the most important thing I have grasped is to grasp two points: the first is to adjust the planting structure, stabilize wheat and increase oil, and open up a new way to grow characteristic crops, such as large-scale cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine such as thistle and carrots, and early corn. In particular, early corn was planted as early as last year, and the yield per mu reached 845 jin, breaking the problem that corn could not be planted in the northern alpine areas of the Daxing'an Mountains. The second point is to regard the construction of irrigation and water conservancy as the first important task of revitalizing agriculture through science and technology, and water-saving sprinkler irrigation has played a role. " Liu Youshan speaks eloquently about planting techniques.

Water conservancy is the lifeline of increasing agricultural production and efficiency. Liu Youshan specially set up a water conservancy department, actively strived for national project funds, increased investment in water-saving irrigation, invested more than 200 million yuan in three years, and strengthened and renovated the original main water conveyance canal and pipeline. and extended to bury water pipelines to increase the coverage area of irrigation and water conservancy from the original 32000 mu to 200000 mu. Completely changed the passive situation of relying on heaven for a living.

Xiertala is a national key Sanhe cattle breeding base, Liu Yushan said: "We do not engage in single agriculture, we should take the road of common prosperity." In order to thoroughly improve the current situation of mixed living between people and animals and reverse the depressed price of free-range milk, Liu Youshan has invested more than 70 million yuan in the construction of modern pastures since 2013 and has actively developed efficient animal husbandry. At the same time, he strives to improve the living environment of the Shirtala people. At the end of 2014, 43 residential buildings were completed and more than 800 workers moved into new homes. The workers said happily, "it's a bit like living in the city."