The meat quality of forage sheep improved after microbial fermentation.

Original title: straw farming in multi-dimensional animal husbandry: the way to help the poor

Sheep are eating straw feed treated by multi-functional compound microbial fermentation technology. Photo taken by Wang Hui

"on the one hand, the problem of straw burning is very serious every year, on the other hand, there is a good straw treatment technology, but it cannot be popularized." A few days ago, Li Yutang, honorary director of the Grass Industry system Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of system Engineering, said with regret to the China Science Daily.

Li Yutang has been in contact with straw livestock for more than 30 years. As an official in charge of animal husbandry and grass industry of the Ministry of Agriculture for many years, he is very familiar with the problems in this field.

What Li Yutang recommended is the research result of Zhu Baocheng, a professor at Hebei Agricultural University-- the technology of using multi-functional compound microbial agents to ferment straw forage.

"if I hadn't found teacher Zhu Baocheng's technique of turning straw into treasure, I wouldn't have done the job of raising sheep." In Wuxiang, Shanxi, Kang Shaozhen, general manager of Shanxi Duowei Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., told China Science Daily.

Kang Shaozhen found Zhu Baocheng's article on the Internet, coupled with the recommendation of experts from the local Academy of Agricultural Sciences, contacted Zhu Baocheng. "to raise sheep, straw must be used and the cost is low. There is little land in Shanxi, and the basic farmland has the requirements of the national red line, so it is not realistic to recommend raising sheep. "

At present, Zhu Baocheng is mainly working with the National Animal Husbandry General Station of the Ministry of Agriculture to do pilot work on straw fermentation forage and cattle and sheep feeding technology. they used this technology to treat about 50,000 tons of straw last year. However, in Li Yutang's view, this is still a very small number.

Key technologies conducive to the transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry

Li Yutang said that microbial fermentation straw technology to replace ammoniated straw, which has been used for a long time, is not only a matter of efficiency and benefit, but also related to food safety. Straw ammoniation requires the addition of the chemical urea, which can only be absorbed by the rumen of cattle, which has an impact on animal husbandry quality on the one hand and adverse effects on the environment on the other hand. The recent research results of the Chinese Academy of Sciences show that due to the addition of chemical additives in livestock and poultry feed, heavy metal pollution occurs in livestock and poultry feces in North China.

"there are still problems with animal husbandry feed, not to mention residues such as Sudan red and clenbuterol." Li Yutang reminded me.

Zhu Baocheng's technology also needs to add a little urea, but the difference is that this only creates conditions for the growth of fermentative bacteria, which is completely converted into organic protein with no residue, which has nothing to do with ammoniation technology.

Feed quality is very important to the development of animal husbandry. " According to Li Yutang, foreign forage is rich, cattle and sheep eat natural forage, high quality and good nutrition, but we feed with more formula feed, low output and poor quality. Foreign milk is profitable and cheaper than ours. The cost of animal husbandry in China is high, feeding fish meal, soybean meal and corn, and now adding additives, and fish meal and soybean meal mostly rely on imports.

"the technology of Zhu Baocheng's team is very important to transform and upgrade our animal husbandry. Grassland vegetation in pastoral areas is severely damaged, and recommendations in agricultural areas are also worried about competing with grain for land. But at the same time, there are 700 to 800 million tons of straw resources in the country every year, most of which are not utilized, but become a source of pollution because of incineration. "

The technology of Zhu Baocheng's team is not ordinary microsilage, but to change crude protein into true protein, which is a qualitative change, and can even catch up with the protein nutrition level of alfalfa, a good forage grass.

Li Yutang believes that after the feed foundation is laid, the problems of standardization, production rate and reproduction rate of raising sheep and cattle can be solved, and they can also play a role in preventing and controlling diseases. The feed is good, the animal body is strong, and the disease is less, which is the law summed up by many years of practice.

Exploration of Duowei Animal Husbandry Company

Walking into the breeding park of nearly 5000 sheep of Shanxi Duowei Animal Husbandry Company, there are shady trees and green grass, and there is a certain activity area in front of each row of sheep sheep. dozens of lively lambs are bouncing among the sheep, and the air is filled with a faint scent of forage grass. There is no peculiar smell that is often felt in general breeding places.

The breeding park is clean and tidy, and the sheep dung is cleaned in time every day. As a good organic fertilizer, the surrounding area is in short supply at the price of 50 yuan / cubic meter.

Mutton is a healthy food. Kang Shaozhen, who has taught in high school and has started a business many times, does it from the perspective of food safety. The phenomenon of grass shortage is common in the northern aquaculture industry in winter. in the past, the fermentation of straw with lactic acid bacteria was mainly to make the straw not bad and edible, but there was not much nutrition. The straw treated with Zhu Baocheng's technology has high nutritional value and high protein content, and a large number of organic acids are produced in the fermentation process, with high utilization rate and good palatability. Sheep like to eat, and generally 99% can be used, saving breeding costs to a great extent. And the previous straw feed usually 50% can not be used, the loss is too much.

"it's too important for sheep to have good feed." Kang Shaozhen realized that the quality of mutton meat improved significantly with straw forage fermented by microtechnology. Now with this technology, sheep can eat good feed at any time of the year. This fermented forage grass accounts for at least 70% of the forage grass, plus dry matter such as peanut seedlings to reduce the moisture and acidity of the feed.

Kang Shaozhen realized that enterprises must need the support of science and technology in order to have more confidence.

In Li Yutang's view, food safety is a big problem, but it depends on limited government regulation and driven by scientists and entrepreneurs with a conscience.

Kang Shaozhen's current practice is to first distribute fermented forage grass to ordinary people who raise sheep, and the common people will return his green straw the next year. Two tons of green straw for one ton of fermented forage. Ordinary people are afraid to pay, but they have straw resources and labor.

In Fengzhou Town, Chengjiagou Village, Wuxiang County, Shanxi Province, Li Jing's father-in-law has been keeping sheep for half his life. After graduating from university, Li Jing worked in the city for a period of time, but later felt that agriculture was good and went back to the countryside to raise sheep. "fermented forage is indispensable, and sheep must eat grass."

Ulrich's idea is, "the big companies in Kang will take the companies among us, and those of us will bring the smaller ones." On the other hand, the problems of epidemic disease and nutrition are solved by multi-dimensional animal husbandry. As the following farmers also do not have to worry.

For Ulrich, selling breeder sheep will be more valuable than mutton sheep. When the peddler came to collect the sheep, she realized that "only on a large scale can she have bargaining power, otherwise the price will be very low."

Ulrich has talked to several nearby farmers and persuaded them to raise sheep together so that they can provide sheep breeding to seven or eight households this winter. There are farming conditions here, there is a lot of arable land, and there is usually straw and basic feed corn at home. If a family keeps 20 or 30 sheep, it doesn't cost much.

Cheng Huanmei's family in Ant Station Village, Yongquan Township, grows more than 20 mu of land, mainly corn, sorghum and millet. This year, the state has banned animal husbandry and does not allow grazing, although some families are still herding sheep on their hills. Using the fermented forage grass of Duowei Animal Husbandry is a better choice for them.

The specific ideas of Duowei animal husbandry company to develop the breeding industry are: upstream personnel training, sheep breeding and supply, mid-stream model promotion, technical services; downstream mutton sheep recovery, processing and sales.

Forage processing base and sheep breeding base have been built, and multi-dimensional animal husbandry is waiting for the slaughtering and food processing base to be completed, which will improve the company's industrial chain.

Self-confidence in poverty alleviation