Take you to uncover the mystery of silicon fertilizer.

In 1787, Lavoisier, a famous French chemist and biologist,"father of modern chemistry," first discovered that silicon existed in rocks. In 1926, the University of California began to study silicon fertilizer and confirmed the effect of silicon fertilizer.

Now silicon fertilizer has been widely popularized and used in agriculturally developed countries, and has been widely popularized and used in rice and sugarcane areas in China.

1. Classification of silicon fertilizer

1. Soluble silicon fertilizer: granular silicon fertilizer, powder silicon fertilizer and suspended silicon fertilizer.

2. Water-soluble silicon fertilizer: seaweed silicon fertilizer, polypeptide silicon fertilizer, clear liquid silicon fertilizer, effervescent silicon fertilizer.

Second, the eight functions of silicon fertilizer

1. It is a large number of yield-increasing elements for plant growth

Most plants contain silicon. Especially rice and sugarcane, their nutritional function is considered to be the fourth only after N, P and K in recent years. Tests show that the production of 1000 kg of rice, silicon dioxide absorption as high as 150 kg, more than rice absorption of hydrogen, phosphorus and potassium sum. In the ash of rice, wheat, barley, soybean, hyacinth bean and fennel, the oxides of 7 nutrient elements such as silicon, phosphorus, potassium and calcium account for more than 80% of the ash, among which silicon oxides account for 16~61.4%.

2, is a health nutrient fertilizer

Application of silicon fertilizer can improve soil, correct soil acidity, increase soil salt base, promote decomposition of organic fertilizer and inhibit soil germs. Such as dry red soil acid pH 4.5~5.2, lack of organic matter and calcium, easy to harden. Silicon fertilizer can improve soil properties, accelerate ripening and increase crop yield. The accumulation of mold and bacteria will affect the yield and quality of vegetables planted in greenhouse for more than two years. Silica fertilizer can effectively control the survival and reproduction of mold and root rot and other crops.

3, is to improve the quality of nutrient fertilizer

Silicon fertilizer could significantly improve fruit quality and increase fruit volume. Increased sugar content. Sweet, fragrant and beneficial to human health. It is also resistant to storage and transportation. Silicon fertilizer could increase yield, promote sugar accumulation in stem and increase sugar yield in later stage.

4. Effectively improve photosynthesis

Silicon fertilizer can make crop epidermis cells siliceous, make crop stems and leaves straight, reduce shade, and enhance leaf photosynthesis. For example, after silicon application, the leaf angle of rice decreased and the canopy photosynthesis increased by more than 10%.

5. Enhance crop disease and insect resistance

After silicon element is absorbed by crops, siliconized cells are formed in the body, the cell wall of the surface layer of stems and leaves is thickened, and the cuticle is increased, so as to improve the ability of insect prevention and disease resistance, especially the resistance to rice blast, rice false smut, leaf spot, stem rot, bacterial blight, and reduce the harm of aphids, mites, red and white spiders, whitefly, thrips, rice planthoppers and other piercing-sucking mouthparts pests.

6. Lodging resistance

Silicon fertilizer can make the stem of crops thicker and the internodes shorter, so as to achieve the purpose of lodging resistance.

7. Mention the stress resistance of crops

Silicified cells are produced by absorbing silicon fertilizer, which effectively regulate the opening and closing of stomata and control water transpiration. Improve drought resistance, dry and hot wind resistance and low temperature resistance. Silicon fertilizer is suitable for early spring crops. Such as early rice, early peanuts and winter and spring vegetable production.

8. Acid adjustment and soil restoration

After using silicon fertilizer, it can adjust soil pH, repair soil, effectively relieve continuous cropping obstacles, adjust soil acidification and hardening, and play a good role in regulating red hair, green moss, surface alkali, heavy metal pollution, etc.

III. Performance of silicon fertilizer on different crops

1. Rice: The effect of silicon fertilizer on rice yield is particularly obvious. Rice is a silicon-loving crop. Spraying silicon fertilizer can make rice epidermal cells thicker, crop stems and leaves thick and straight, roots developed, leaves rushed, photosynthesis enhanced, promote effective tiller, high seed setting rate, large panicle and many grains, drought resistance, lodging resistance increased by more than 85%, promote early maturity, improve rice quality, resist diseases and insect pests, and reduce disease incidence by 75%. After silicon fertilizer application, rice disease resistance was obviously enhanced, especially the incidence of rice blast, rice false smut, sheath blight, leaf spot, stem rot, bacterial blight and root rot, rice planthopper, Chilo suppressalis, borer and aphid was obviously reduced.

2. Sugarcane: After spraying silicon fertilizer, sugarcane plants grow tall and straight, leaves erect, drought resistance, lodging resistance, strong disease resistance, fewer diseases and insect pests, early maturity, good quality, sugarcane yield and sugar content significantly increased.

3. Grape: After spraying silicon fertilizer, the tree grows healthily, the leaves increase, the number of ears increases, the ratio of dry to fresh weight increases, the coloring is good, the maturity is early, the diseases and insect pests such as downy mildew, powdery mildew, brown spot, gray mold, black pox, white rot, aphid and red spider decrease, and the quality and yield are obviously improved.

4. Strawberry: After spraying silicon fertilizer, strawberry fruit can be enlarged, bright red and round in appearance, large fruit rate of strawberry can be increased, quality is good, harvest time is advanced 7 days, economic value is improved, average yield is increased by 50-57%, and strawberry resistance to various diseases and insect pests can be greatly improved.(According to experiments, after spraying silicon fertilizer on strawberry, aphid incidence rate decreases by 75%, resistance rate to gray mold reaches 40%-53%, and other diseases such as powdery mildew and virus disease also have certain resistance). Silicon fertilizer has great effect on strawberry growth, quality and yield.

5. Vegetables: After using silicon fertilizer, vegetables have strong plants, dark green leaves, high fruit setting rate, good surface light, correct fruit type, single fruit weight, thick pericarp, high sugar content and transportation tolerance.

Silicon fertilizer can effectively alleviate continuous cropping obstacles, adjust soil acidification hardening, and play a good role in regulating red hair, green moss, soil alkali, heavy metal pollution, etc. Effectively reduce the harm of aphids, mites, red and white spiders, whiteflies, thrips and other piercing-sucking mouthparts pests.

6. Melons: After spraying silicon fertilizer, the stems and leaves are straight, photosynthesis is enhanced, the growth is good, the melons are thick and straight, the growth is strong, the skin is thin, the meat is crisp and sweet, the sugar content is high, the diseases and insect pests are few and the market is early, the color is good, the taste is good, the diseases and insect pests are few, powdery mildew, blight and leaf spot are basically absent, and the quality and yield are obviously improved.

7. Fruit trees: After spraying silicon fertilizer, the branches of fruit trees are thick, the leaves are enlarged and thick, straight and flat, the photosynthesis is enhanced, the green leaf period is prolonged, the fruit drop, fruit shrinkage, abnormal fruit and fruit cracking are reduced, the physiological diseases such as leaf roll, flower, yellow leaf, spot, flower drop and deciduous are prevented, the coloring is advanced 3-5 days, the ripening is early, the fruit is large, the color is good, the taste is sweet, the hardness is high, the storage and transportation resistance is greatly improved, and the quality is greatly improved.

After silicon is absorbed by fruit trees, more siliconized cells and hard epidermis can be formed on the surfaces of leaves and fruits. It has resistance to pests such as pear psyllid, peach fruit borer, red and white spider, Connolly mealyscale and aphid. High concentration of silicic acid has resistance to pests such as black spot, powdery mildew, rust, ring rot, anthracnose, gummy disease, penicillium, white mold, brown rot and aphid. Black rot, gray mold, early leaf blight, rot, root rot and other fungi spore germination and hypha growth has a strong inhibitory effect, so it can significantly reduce the incidence of a variety of fruit diseases and insect pests.

8. Banana: After spraying silicon fertilizer, the height and stem diameter of banana plants are promoted, the fruit length and fruit circumference are obviously increased, the fruit has less disease spots, good color and good quality. Bunchy top disease and leaf spot disease are important diseases in banana orchard. Spraying silicon fertilizer can alleviate the occurrence of these diseases. According to practice, the incidence rate of silicon fertilizer application is 25-50% lower than that of control.)