Southern planting of sweet cherry in the north blossoms and bears fruit successfully.

The original title: the problem of "North Sakura moving to the South" was solved.

Cherry

In the south of the Yangtze River in May, the sun is warm and bright, Brooks, Stella, Tulera, champagne, Renee. A number of bright, crystal clear sweet cherries fluttering among the branches and leaves, the air is sweet and coveted. Sweet cherry, an aristocratic fruit that could only stop in cool areas, has made its home in the south of the Yangtze River.

A team led by Zhang Caixi, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, recently released their latest results-solving the cultivation dilemma of "moving north cherry to the south" and overcoming the problem of sweet cherry blossoms.

According to Zhang Caixi, sweet cherry is a temperate deciduous fruit tree of the subgenus Prunus of Rosaceae, which originated from the coast of the Black Sea in Europe and western Asia. Its main producing areas are concentrated between 35 °N and 45 °N, because it needs to experience more low temperature accumulation to complete winter dormancy, which limits its large-scale cultivation in southern China. At present, sweet cherries cultivated in China are mainly from Europe, North America and other countries, and grow well in the north of China. Due to the huge market potential and high planting efficiency, the production of sweet cherry in China has developed rapidly from the traditional producing areas of Shandong and Liaoning to Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Beijing and cool highlands such as Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. However, in southern China, the winter is warm and humid, and the accumulation of effective low temperature is small, so sweet cherries are very prone to "spring to warm ground, flowers in clusters; in the south of the Yangtze River, the Summer Solstice fruit flexion refers to" flowers "but not fruit, and the fruit setting rate is very low.

"Sweet cherries are very popular with consumers because of their bright appearance, delicious taste, rich nutrition, short fruit development period and less use of pesticides, so they are very suitable for green fruit production. As an efficient planting industry in the world, sweet cherry is also called the "gold industry" in the fruit industry in Europe and the United States. For a long time, sweet cherries sold in the southern region mainly come from foreign imports and northern regions, and the price is more expensive. " Zhang Caixi said that after 18 years of continuous observation and research, his team found that most European cherry varieties could normally complete the process of flower bud differentiation in Shanghai, and the pollen development and vitality were normal, but the ovule and embryo sac were seriously poorly developed. the proportion of ovule-free and ovule-free embryo sac abnormality is extremely high, which leads to "flower" but not fruit. For this reason, they took the winter dormancy stage as a breakthrough and found that low concentration of monocyanamide solution could effectively break dormancy, promote ovule embryo sac development, improve seed setting rate, and basically meet the needs of economic cultivation.

Zhang Caixi said that if the research on new varieties with short low temperature and the application and independent development of new technologies can be strengthened as soon as possible, the cultivation areas of sweet cherries in China can continue to be promoted southward and promote the rapid development of sweet cherry industry. "I believe that in the near future, sweet cherry producing areas in southern China, such as Fujian and even Guangdong, can also be seen." (Huang Xin)

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