Large-scale pig farm according to weekly production plan and turnover arrangement

In the farms, in addition to scientific and reasonable feeding methods, safe and feasible vaccine procedures, routine disinfection and so on, sow breeding has entered the era of artificial insemination, so how to do the breeding work in a reasonable and orderly manner? how to scientifically and orderly turnover sow utilization, this problem is not only for large-scale pig farms, but also for new pig farms. The weekly rhythm of sow breeding is not only the guarantee of production in the pig industry, but also the key to pig farm breeding.

The production rhythm is produced in weekly units, and the production rhythm is easy to understand on the surface, but, if there are 100, 200, 300 or 500 basic sows in normal production, how many sows are bred per week, how many babies are born per year, how many sows should be born per week, and so on? How to calculate such a problem? Now take the herd of 500 sows as an example to calculate the weekly breeding and the number of births per year, and the average number of sows to be born each week.

1. Litter size per year, month and week

1. Based on 500 sows, we set the estrus conception rate and delivery index of 500 sows at 85% (15% including estrus, abortion, non-estrus in a cycle, etc.)

2. According to the 114-day pregnancy, 28-day lactation and 4-day estrus mating, the three figures add up to 146 days, 365 / 146 / 2.5, which means one pig can give birth to 2.5 babies a year.

3. The target for one year is 12 months.

4. A month is calculated according to 4 weeks.

5. each sow per fetus is calculated according to 10 weaned healthy piglets.

The number of piglets produced by 500 sows in a year is 500 × 85% × 2.5 × 10 × 10625.

The number of piglets to be produced by 500 sows in one month is 500 × 85 × 2.5 × 10 / 12885.

The number of piglets to be produced by 500 sows in a week is 500 × 85% × 2.5 × 10 / 12 / 4 × 221.

2. Annual, monthly and weekly mating numbers

The number of breeding heads calculated by the theoretical data of 500 sows is as follows:

1. The delivery index is set at 85%.

2. 10 healthy piglets were calculated.

3. The target for one year is 12 months.

4. A month is calculated according to 4 weeks.

The number of breeding heads of 500sows in a year is 10625 / 85% / 101250, of which 10625 represents the number of piglets to be produced in a year.

The number of breeding heads of 500 sows in one month is 10625 / 85% / 10 / 12 / 104.

The number of breeding heads of 500sows in a week is 10625 / 85% / 10 / 12 / 426.

3. Renewal rate of birth bed and reserve pigs for 500 sows

1. According to the weekly production plan, the birth beds of 500 sows are installed according to 6 units, and 156 birth beds are installed in 6 units, so 26 birth beds are installed in each unit. Among the 6 units, 4 units are feeding lactating sows, 1 unit is raising expectant sows, and one unit is empty ring disinfection.

2. According to the calculation of the birth bed, there are 26 birth beds in each of the 6 units. According to the delivery rate of 85%, the number of breeding per week is 26, and there are nearly 24 pigs to give birth every week. (why should 26 birth beds be installed? what on earth are the surplus 2 birth beds? first, sick pigs, whether sows or piglets, are placed in the remaining birth beds. Second, to prevent sows from normal production due to damage to individual birth beds.

3. According to the calculation of the number of 26 heads per week, in theory, according to the average of 2.5 per sow per year and 52 weeks a year, the number of sows available for production in the whole herd is 540, including reserve sows. Theoretical calculation; (26 × 52) / 2.5 × 540.

4. The stock number of sows in the whole herd is 540. according to the annual renewal rate of 15%, the annual renewal rate of sows is 81, that is, 81 / 12 ≈ 7, so the number of reserve sows should not be less than 7 per week.

5. According to the mating data of artificial insemination, it is calculated that the ratio of male to female is 1: 100, and there are 7 boars, including 1 reserve boar, in which 540 sows need to mate.

Nursery beds for 500 sows

Nursery beds can be installed according to the number of delivery rooms, which can form a full-in-all-out system. Like the delivery room, there are 26 nurseries in 6 units, each with a minimum area of 10-12 square meters. Strive to give each pig a square area, and the delivery room can be transferred to the nursery according to the one-to-one enclosure number, which can prevent or reduce the spread of the disease. Pick out the ones that are too weak or too small and raise them on the last two extra nurseries. In this way, according to the theory, the bed of the conservation circle of a unit needs 260 square meters.

Location bars and pregnancy houses for 500 sows

According to the calculation of 540 sows (including reserve sows), according to the practical operation, each sow needs only 2 units of positioning bars according to one square, each unit needs 80 columns, and the pregnancy house needs 4 units. Each unit needs 25 fields, each field needs 4 sows, and 25 fields need 100 square meters. Among them, the sidewalk and pig driving passageway can be designed according to the space of their own pig farm (in the positioning column in the early stage of pregnancy and to the pregnancy house in the later stage of pregnancy).

(source: pig raising class; author: Xue Jingwen)

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