New technology of exploring soil moisture and ditch sowing green to increase production and farmers to be rich

Original title: New technology brings green production increase

wheat harvest progress chart

"This year's wheat situation is very good, wheat straw thick, ear big, grain full, harvest must be higher than last year." Standing at the edge of the ground, Ning Fengfeng, director of Xiangyuan Chang Agricultural Machinery Cooperative, a villager of Shangyuan Village, Hougong Township, Wenxi County, Shanxi Province, said,"70 harvesting and seeding machines have all been put in place, just wait for the weather to clear up."

"This year, the total yield of wheat in our county is expected to reach a new high." Ren Dongpo, director of the Agricultural Committee of Wenxi County, also said in a WeChat group called "Wheat People."

"The technology of wide and narrow row soil detection and furrow sowing has changed the mode of wheat yield increase in Shanxi Province, from the traditional three-seed seven-branch mode to seven-seed three-branch mode. In addition to increasing yield, it also saves water and fertilizer and labor force. It is a green yield-increasing mode independently innovated by Shanxi Province." Gao Zhiqiang, a member of the wheat expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and professor of Shanxi Agricultural University, said,"It solves the problem of poor seeding quality in dry land in the traditional sense, such as water conservation, warming and seedling protection."

Dryland wheat wide and narrow row soil moisture probing and furrow sowing technology replaces traditional furrow sowing technology and compaction with agricultural machinery operation, and changes rotary tillage into strip tillage while completing ditching, fertilization, seeding, compaction and other operations at one time, realizing deep ditching, deep fertilization and wheat seed sowing in soil moisture preserving layer, so as to ensure that wheat seedlings are even and strong.

It is understood that in the past Shanxi traditional dry wheat limited to low seeding level, focusing on the field management process, need to invest a lot of manpower and material resources, yield also depends on the sky to speak. The deep furrow and high ridge of the soil moisture exploration and furrow sowing technology realize the rapid inflow and cyclic use of rain and water; deep fertilization ensures sufficient and full absorption of base fertilizer, which is beneficial to saving fertilizer; the one-time operation from ditching to suppression avoids high cost expenditure and labor input caused by multiple rotary tillage, and greatly reduces the management intensity of agricultural production while saving energy.

"With the state subsidy of 28 yuan per mu, compared with plastic film mulching, this technology only needs to invest 40 yuan per mu, and the watering amount is reduced from 50 cubic meters to 40-45 cubic meters." Ning Fengfeng said.

The technology of soil probing and furrow sowing realizes the technical integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in sowing production, changes the problem of sowing twice a year in dry land, promotes agricultural mechanization operation and brings visible economic benefits and grain yield increase to farmers.

Due to the recent rain, a conventional wheat field not far away has fallen, while the ditch sown land next to it remains uniform.

Xie Haishen, agronomist of Wenxi County Agricultural Committee, explained: "Furrow sowing technology requires no tillage at the ridge level, so that the furrows are deep but the row spacing is reduced, ensuring that the soil is sown and sufficient population is obtained." After sowing, there are pressing wheels. One pressing wheel is used to suppress two rows of wheat, forming narrow rows in the ditch and wide rows on the back of the ridge. The rain irrigates the land to cultivate the soil naturally. The soil covers the first section of the wheat straw and plays a role in lodging resistance."

The 400 mu dry land transferred by Chai Xilin, a villager of Dongyu Village, Houcun Township, adopts the technology of soil exploration and ditch sowing. According to the measurement, the number of ears per mu is 374,000, the number of grains per ear is 34.5, the 1000-grain weight is 40.2 g, and the yield per mu reaches 440.8 kg.

At present, Wenxi County has promoted 40,000 mu of wheat trench sowing technology. Among them, the average yield per mu of water land was 458.1 kg, with a year-on-year increase of 49.3 kg. The average yield per mu in dry land was 342.2 kg, with a year-on-year increase of 65.1 kg.

In addition, only one trenching machine of agricultural machinery cooperative can earn 20,000 - 30,000 yuan a year.

Shanxi is a wheat dry farming area, and Wenxi County is one of the main producing areas, among which 600,000 mu of wheat has 500,000 mu of dry land. Since 2014, Shanxi Province has experimented and promoted the technology of soil moisture detection and furrow sowing, and has promoted 150,000 mu of this technology in 9 counties (cities and districts) of Yuncheng, Linfen and Jincheng. (Reporter Ma Yu)

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