Fengyu Fruit Fruit Farmers in Sichuan first tasted the sweetness of Citrus Variety improvement

Wang Wengang is checking the growth of fruit trees.

The survival rate of grafting is 94%. The first fruit of mixed mandarin is up to 94%.

On August 5, Guihua Village, Fengyu Town, Yanjiang District, Ziyang City, the sun was burning. Standing in his orchard to observe the growth of the fruit trees, Wang Wengang's big beads of sweat kept rolling down from his face, but he was very happy: "the trees have been successfully grafted in the spring, and all the fruits have been hung up. The heart that has been hanging since we began to improve the fruit trees has finally fallen down."

In 2015, the citrus industry in Fengyu Town covers an area of more than 23000 mu, with a total output of 140 million jin, a total output value of 120 million yuan, and a per capita citrus income of 2857 yuan. Although the annual output has exceeded 100 million jin, as the pillar industry of the town, the citrus industry has entered a bottleneck period after many years of development: the varieties are mainly medium-ripe Wenzhou mandarin, relatively single aging, and the mature period is too concentrated, the quality is not high, resulting in low sales prices and less income for farmers.

How to make the citrus industry achieve breakthrough development? The town's party committee and government believe that upgrading quality and improving varieties is the only way. According to Chen long, director of the town's agricultural service center, it used to be won by quantity, but now it depends on quality. Since 2014, Fengyu has organized many large citrus growers and experts in this town to study in other places.

According to reports, the improvement is mainly reflected in two aspects: planting patterns and fruit tree varieties. The previous citrus orchards are short dense planting orchards with a row spacing of 2 meters and a nest spacing of 1.5 meters, with about 200 plants per mu. On the other hand, the row spacing of newly planted fruit trees is 3 meters, the nest spacing is 3 meters, and the planting of 100 trees per mu is beneficial to the improvement of fruit quality. Through the high grafting replacement of some aging fruit trees, low-yield fruit trees and poor quality fruit trees in the existing mid-maturing varieties, we strive to achieve the rational allocation of citrus varieties in the whole town at 3:3:4, that is, extra-early-maturing mandarin, late-maturing hybrid mandarin and mid-maturing mandarin account for 30,30,40% respectively. In this way, the fruit can be produced in the four seasons, which can prolong the time on the market and lengthen the sales chain. At present, the first improved varieties in the town are mainly late-maturing mixed oranges, covering an area of more than 3000 mu, including green, spring and no fire.

As soon as the town put forward the idea of improving citrus varieties, it got the support of Wang Wengang, branch secretary of Dongdongshan Village. Wang Wengang made a "small abacus" in mind: "when the price of mandarin is less than 1 yuan / jin, it is different to plant mixed oranges, which can be sold for 4 to 5 yuan per jin." After the improvement, both the price and quality are improved, which not only meets the high requirements of the market, but also allows us to make more money. " In March last year, Wang Wengang invested more than 1.2 million yuan and contracted 300 mu of land in Guihua Village to plant spring seeding. At the same time, he led fruit farmers in Dongdong Mountain Village to plant more than 200 mu of mixed oranges, becoming a major grower of improved citrus varieties.

At this time of year, Wang Wengang's fruit trees have produced fist-sized fruit, with a perimeter of about 6 centimeters. He casually picked one for the reporter to taste, its taste is sweet in sour, the flesh is very full. Chen long was delighted with this growth: "at first, we estimated that the success rate of grafting of these fruit trees was about 80%. After the new trees survived, they would hang fruit at the beginning of the second year, and usually did not enter the high-yield period until the fifth year, when a larger fruit would grow to 8 to 9 taels, with a perimeter of about 10 centimeters. Under the meticulous management of Wang Wengang, the 300 mu of spring fruit trees have survived, and they are good in size and quality, and are expected to be fruitful by 2017. "

At present, Wang Wengang is controlling the yield of each fruit tree at about 10 jin through fruit thinning, which will increase to 50 jin in the high-yield period. He said confidently that at the price of 4 yuan per jin, once the orchard enters the high-yield period next year, the annual output value of this orchard will reach about 4 million, and the cost can be recovered at one time, with considerable benefits.

According to Chen long, the grafting survival rate of the improved 3000 mu of late-maturing hybrid oranges in the town reached 94%, much higher than the expected 80%. Except for those fruit trees that were grafted later and grew less than a year, the other half of the fruit trees with good growth have achieved the first fruit.