The change of Peasants' mentality under the influence of Market purchase

The state began to implement the market purchase of indica rice in 2004. In the past 11 years, the market purchase has played an important role in protecting farmers' interests and ensuring food security. The market purchase policy has gone deep into the "heart of farmers". The mentality of farmers towards the purchase of supporting the market has also changed greatly, which may have a great impact on grain production and policy implementation in the future.

From stranger to acquaintance. In 2004, the country had a bumper grain harvest. In order to protect the interests of farmers, the state implemented the purchase of rice in the market for the first time, 70 yuan (100 jin price) for early indica rice and 72 yuan for middle and late indica rice. At that time, only a very small number of farmers knew what the state market purchase policy was, which was an unfamiliar grain policy. Then until 2007, the market support price remained unchanged for 4 years, and most of them did not start the market support acquisition during the period because the market price was higher than the market support price. 2008 is the beginning of quantitative change, the purchase of indica rice began to rise sharply to 77 yuan, a range of 10%, rice harvest in the same year, prices declined, in order to protect the interests of farmers, stabilize market prices, and promote the stable development of grain production, the state implemented the policy of temporary storage and acquisition of middle and late indica rice, at this time, farmers became familiar with the purchase of national policy grain. After 2009, the state has greatly increased the purchase price of indica rice market year by year, especially due to the continuous rise of CPI in 2012, early indica rice increased by 17.65% to 120 yuan, and middle and late indica rice increased by 16.82% to 125 yuan. This year is a year of qualitative change. Farmers are very clear about the details of the implementation time, quality and price policy of supporting the market, and the purchase policy is familiar to grain farmers. In the investigation of going to the countryside, the author discussed the issues related to supporting the market with farmers many times, and the policy of supporting the market has become a hot topic for grain farmers after tea and dinner.

From praise to dependence. The purpose of the market-supporting acquisition is to protect the interests of farmers and ensure food security. many factors have changed during the period when the price of rice has changed from market pricing to national policy pricing. The purchase price of rice supporting the market is announced every year before and after spring ploughing. According to the price of supporting the market, grain farmers can estimate their expected income in advance and lock in their grain income in advance, especially when it is greatly increased year by year, it is praised by the majority of farmers. When the market pricing is replaced by the market pricing, the market pricing becomes a default pricing policy, and the market price formation mechanism fails. As a result of the continuous purchase of supporting the market for many years, the state has become a meticulous "grain nanny". Grain farmers have a serious dependence on the purchase policy of supporting the market, and even gradually think that this is what the state should do, and grain prices should rise sharply every year. It can rise but not fall, therefore, it has created a "ceiling" of domestic market support prices, which is cold at the top. Once the state lowers the market price or changes it to market pricing, this "default" mentality of farmers may change, and a large gap may lead to a series of grain production problems.

From high quality to ordinary. Production activities are to achieve maximum value, and rice cultivation is to achieve a better balance between yield and income. The price of rice is generally determined by its edible quality. the rice produced by good quality rice has generally recognized characteristics such as stickiness, softness and aroma, and its sales price is also higher, but its yield is generally relatively low, and the comparative benefit is not obvious. With the increase of the price of supporting the market of rice, the price of supporting the market is higher than that of the domestic market, and the price of the domestic market is higher than the national price. It has become a reality that "foreign goods enter the market and domestic goods enter the warehouse". It also makes it difficult for the sales price of some high-quality rice varieties to be higher than the supporting price, and finally "lower status" and ordinary varieties of rice enter the "cage" of supporting the market together, which is difficult to reflect the poor quality and high price. Therefore, the preference of farmers in choosing rice seeds also changes with the change of the price of supporting the market. in order to achieve maximum income, ordinary and high-yield rice has become the first choice, while the current rice demand variety structure has changed greatly. especially with the improvement of national living standards, high-quality rice has become the choice of more people, ordinary rice sales target narrowed, channels limited, reduced to other grain. The structural difference between rice supply and demand has gradually changed, and even appeared the phenomenon of imbalance.

How to protect the interests of grain farmers without excessive policy intervention has always been the focus of attention. At present, the purchase policy of supporting the market may be about to change, and the relevant policies should be well adjusted, and it is difficult to tell what kind of change will take place in the mentality of grain farmers for a while, but in the end, farmers are all passive. they will follow the "income" axis and swing up and down, left and right.