How to upgrade Agricultural industrialization under the New normal condition

In the era of Agriculture 4.0, modern technical means and management concepts such as the Internet of things, cloud computing and big data have been widely used in the field of agriculture and become the "catalyst" for training "new farmers", accelerating agricultural modernization and the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in agriculture. And those who "play with" these technologies and ideas should be the leading enterprises active in the chain of agricultural industrialization.

Beijing Da Bei Nong Group takes "Nongxinyun" as the platform, through big data analysis, integrates agricultural materials, seedlings, market information and other industrial chain elements to improve transaction efficiency and make more profits to farmers; through the establishment of rural credit model, provide credit funds to farmers to reduce the cost of planting and raising farmers.

Nowadays, more and more leading enterprises use information technology as a "sharp weapon" to form an interest community among the upstream and downstream operators of the agricultural industry, which has played an exemplary and leading role in promoting the development of three industries integration in rural areas.

"the integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries of agriculture essentially integrates the product chain, service chain, factor chain and interest chain, while the leading enterprises are the most active link in the agricultural industrialization chain and the backbone of promoting the development of the integration of the three industries." Chen Xiaohua, vice minister of agriculture, said.

Leading enterprises connect the preceding and the next to accelerate the increase of farmers' income in the integration of the three industries.

The core of the integration of the three industries is to improve the income of farmers in the value increment. Leading enterprises can make farmers in the form of traditional guaranteed purchase, price increase purchase, secondary rebate and so on.

To benefit, farmers can also buy shares in the form of joint-stock cooperation system, such as land management rights and assets, so as to form a close interest relationship of "you have me in you, you in me, and mutual benefit", so that farmers can share more of the value-added benefits brought by the integration of the three industries.

In recent years, small bulk farmers are facing severe challenges due to the risks such as the pressure of aquaculture environmental protection and the sharp fluctuation of the market. Guangdong Wen's Group takes the form of signing entrusted breeding contracts to ensure stable income for farmers. By means of technical guidance, loan guarantee, and transformation of breeding bases, they have enhanced farmers' ability of self-development and cultivated a number of small-scale farmers into new types of agricultural operators such as family farms and farmers' cooperatives.

"Wen's technicians came to teach us how to raise chickens in two or three days. With the mobile phone APP, you can operate the feeding, light control, shutter and so on, and my wife can finish the work by herself. Even if the market was bad last year, the company guaranteed that I earned two yuan for a chicken. " The thermometer of chicken farmers in Xinxing county, Guangdong province.

At present, Wen's Group has cultivated more than 2300 family farms in Xinxing County, Guangdong Province, accounting for about one of the top three of the total number of cooperative farmers. the average raising scale of family farms has increased from 7500 to 15000, and the production scale has more than tripled. Farmers' farming income has increased significantly.

Nowadays, more and more leading enterprises are playing an important role in leading the standardized agricultural production in our country.

Plays an important role. Standardized management is realized from various links such as variety selection, agricultural material distribution, epidemic prevention and disinfection, and product sales; enterprises help farmers establish data files to achieve the synchronization of logistics, capital flow, and data flow; enterprises and scientific research institutions strengthen the docking of industry-university-research, conduct product research and development around market demand, feedback farmers' production on demand, and reduce farmers' market risk.

"practice has fully proved that leading enterprises are the leaders of the integration and symbiosis of new agricultural operators, and they tilt the focus of the distribution of the value chain upstream, and turn the main bodies of the industrial chain, including farmers, into a community with shared risks and interests." Chen Xiaohua said.

The leading enterprise created new business type, leading the structural adjustment in the integration of the three industries.

The fields after the rain are verdant. In the grape planting base of Hansen Wine Group Co., Ltd., located in Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia, the grapes covered with vines have entered the mature stage one after another, and the air is filled with intoxicating fruit aroma.

While the grape industry in many places is still in the form of planting and selling, Hansen wine industry has led farmers not only to grow grapes, but also to set up wine-themed cultural industrial parks. They opened the circular economy model of "the combination of forest, grass and agriculture", and developed the sand grape into an eco-cultural compound industry integrating planting, wine-making and tourism culture. At present, the park receives 150000 tourists annually, driving the annual income of farmers and herdsmen to 6 million yuan.

From growing grapes to eating grapes, and then to making wine, a complete industrial chain that "squeezes grapes dry" can be perfectly presented. Among them, the leading enterprises play an important role.

Jiang Changyun, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial economy and Technology economy of the National Development and Reform Commission, said: "the integration of production, addition and marketing and the one-stop business model of trade, industry and agriculture promoted by agricultural industrialization is itself the integration of different industrial links. For the sake of ensuring the quality of raw materials and improving the quality of products, leading enterprises constantly innovate their business formats, carry out technical guidance for farmers, and demonstrate that they engage in the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry, agriculture and forestry, agriculture and fishing, and agriculture and tourism. So as to continuously strengthen the strong position of leading enterprises in the integration of the three industries. "

Nowadays, under the kneading of the increasingly powerful "big hands" of agricultural industrialization, the docking interfaces between secondary and primary industries are gradually increasing, the flow of resources is more smooth, and the forms of integration tend to be diversified. According to the analysis of the characteristics of the current leading enterprises promoting the development of three industries integration, the Agricultural industrialization Office of the Ministry of Agriculture can be divided into the following six types:

Cluster leading type. Relying on strong strength, leading enterprises attract upstream and downstream business entities to gather and develop, and promote the development of finance, information, logistics and other related industries, forming the growth pole of regional economy; benefit-sharing type. In driving farmers to get rich together, leading enterprises, on the basis of traditional order-driven, explore interest linkage mechanisms that are more closely related to farmers, such as joint-stock cooperation, secondary rebate, industrial poverty alleviation and so on. Leading enterprises drive cooperatives and family farms to set up agricultural industrialization consortia, provide loan guarantee, insurance and other services for farmers, promote ordinary farmers to lead the establishment of family farms, improve the degree of organization of farmers, and extend value-added. Leading enterprises improve the value-added transformation ability of agricultural products through scientific research, innovate products according to market consumption demand, and enhance local and peasant household brand awareness through brand building. Leading enterprises apply "Internet +" and other technologies to expand e-commerce marketing channels, change the traditional mode of agricultural production, create new models such as creative agriculture and sightseeing agriculture, and drive farmers to participate in the expansion of agricultural functions. Leading enterprises comply with the agricultural supply-side structural reform, drive farmers to adjust the planting and breeding structure, transform from ordinary inefficient production to high-quality and efficient production, vigorously develop ecological cycle planting and breeding, and improve the quality of agricultural products.

The leading enterprises create core value in the integration of the three industries.

Chicken farming is one of the local pillar industries in Qi County, Henan Province. Once upon a time, decentralized farming by farmers led to small scale, low efficiency and high market risk. The ultimate change in this situation is the arrival of leading enterprises.

Henan Qixian Yongda Food Co., Ltd. on the basis of the development of commercial chicken breeding, slaughtering and processing, to create a vertical and horizontal industrial chain cross-integration of the "double chain" industrialization cluster model. On the one hand, it extends to the upper reaches of the industrial chain, such as broiler breeding and feed production, and at the same time extends to the lower reaches of the industrial chain such as cooked product production, cold storage and distribution; on the other hand, through equity participation and other ways, horizontally promote the development of related supporting industries such as carton production, color printing and packaging, and building panels.

The small disorder of the chicken industry in the past has been replaced by today's intensive and industrial production. The demonstration and guidance of leading enterprises make enterprises become the core of creating industrial value. Today, driven by Yongda, Hebi Yongda livestock and poultry industrialization cluster, Anyang Yongda broiler industrialization cluster and other successful incubation, leaving more value-added income in the local, leaving to farmers.

Throughout the country, the integration of the three industries is showing unprecedented vitality in various localities: the one-stop industrial chain of "production, marketing, trade, industry and farmers" has been thickened and lengthened, the service chain of "eating, living, and playing" leisure farms has been innovated, and the "Internet + agriculture" model is in the ascendant. It was under the guidance of leading enterprises that new business type accelerated the transformation of agriculture and farmers from "production-oriented" to "consumption-oriented", thus giving birth to "new business type" and turning into a "new farmer".

In order to enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises and enhance their ability to drive the regional economy, agricultural industrialization departments at all levels encourage the development of enterprise clusters. In 2015 alone, the Ministry of Agriculture guided various localities to establish 60 national agricultural industrialization demonstration bases, gathering 2289 leading enterprises of various types and driving 5.02 million peasant households.

"leading enterprises integrate advanced elements in rural areas and are representatives of advanced productive forces in rural areas, and they should actively play a leading and exemplary role in promoting the development of the integration of the three industries." Zhang Hongyu, director of the Rural Economic system and Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that if leading enterprises want to further play a leading role in the development of the integration of the three industries, they need to make a leap in extending the industrial chain, upgrading the value chain, and sharing the benefit chain.

The outline of the 13th five-year Plan proposes to build a number of leading enterprises of rural industrial integration. Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the eight departments of the National Joint Conference on Agricultural industrialization, such as the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the people's Bank of China, the State Administration of Taxation, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, and the all-China Federation of supply and Marketing Cooperation, jointly selected and introduced a number of leading enterprises that play a leading role in the integration of the three industries, and led the better and faster development of the integration of the three industries in China by setting up models and summing up experience.