During the 13th five-year Plan, how to supervise the quality and safety of agricultural products?

Editor's note: in 2008, the Ministry of Agriculture established the Supervision Bureau of Agricultural products quality and Safety. At present, the country has basically established and improved the provincial, city, county and township agricultural products supervision team. Since 2001, the development goal of quality and safety of agricultural products in China has entered the stage of overall improvement of quality and safety from the initial pursuit of quantitative growth and the development of both quantity and quality. Entering the 13th five-year Plan, what are the difficulties facing the supervision of the quality and safety of agricultural products, and what work can the regulatory departments at all levels carry out as a starting point? On August 12, the second phase of Nongan Public Welfare training Hall was held in Fenghua City, Zhejiang Province to listen to the views of experts and local experience.

Agricultural products account for more than 70% of food. The quality and safety of agricultural products is related to the health of the public, the image of the government, the survival of enterprises, social stability, and even international trade. Its importance can be described as a 'big deal'. " Cheng Jingen, deputy director of the Agricultural products quality and Safety Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture, said.

According to statistics, the overall qualified rate of China's major agricultural products in 2015 was 97.1%, of which vegetables, livestock and poultry and aquatic products were 96.1%, 99.4% and 95.5%, respectively. By contrast, the qualified rate of industrial products exceeded 90% for the first time in 2014 and reached 91.1% in 2015, of which the qualified rate of e-commerce products was 71.3%. During the 12th five-year Plan period, the qualified rate of vegetables, livestock and poultry products and aquatic products increased by 3.0%, 0.3% and 4.2% respectively. It can be said that the quality of agricultural products in China is generally safe and good.

In 2013, the General Office of the State Council issued the Circular of the General Office of the State Council on strengthening the supervision of the quality and safety of agricultural products, which further made it clear that local people's governments at all levels should bear overall responsibility for the quality and safety of agricultural products in the region. In the same year, the first session of the 12th National people's Congress adopted the institutional reform plan of the State Council, reducing the original four stages of supervision to two, and the duties of quality and safety supervision of edible agricultural products before entering wholesale or retail markets or production and processing enterprises shall be performed by the agricultural department in accordance with the law.

Under the new system, new problems such as how to implement territorial responsibility and solve the convergence in the whole process of supervision continue to emerge.

Decompose and implement territorial responsibility

"the agricultural sector should ensure both quantity safety and quality safety; promote industrial development and ensure the safe consumption of agricultural products; and safeguard the interests of producers and consumers." Cheng Jingen said.

Yu Yijun, a researcher at the Agricultural products quality and Safety Department of Zhejiang Province, said that the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products in Zhejiang Province adopts "territorial management + vertical management", that is, the territorial management mode in which the local government is responsible for the overall responsibility. strengthen the system, standards, technology, management, assessment and other vertical guidance and unity, the county supervision work can achieve "dual" management At the same time, the vertical management mode can be implemented at the municipal district level according to the actual situation.

"if the responsibility for territorial management of the quality and safety of agricultural products can be well implemented, it can strengthen the responsibility of the local government, and the main leaders of the party and government bear the overall responsibility, which is conducive to strengthening supervision and implementing the dual grasp of" production and management ". Coordinate and coordinate local regulatory resources, coordinate agricultural, food and drug, industry and commerce, public security and other departments to achieve 'multi-measures and promote quality improvement' At the same time, it can effectively prevent departments from wilting, wrangling and non-implementation of responsibilities. However, if the local government is not aware of it and does not attach importance to the quality and safety of agricultural products, supervision will be discounted. In addition, if the regulatory capacity and conditions do not meet the regulatory needs, and there is a lack of talents and weak technical strength in grass-roots township supervision, there will be a big gap with the requirements of territorial regulatory responsibility. " Yu Yijun said.

Fenghua City is the first batch of agricultural products quality and safety demonstration counties, there is a set of "source inspection, link control, listing detection" regulatory system. "in the management of inputs, we should monitor the whole process of the production and circulation of agricultural materials, restrict the use of pesticides to withdraw from Fenghua, and achieve 80% recovery of waste pesticides and agricultural materials packaging and 100% harmless treatment. At the same time, all livestock and poultry farms in the prohibited areas were closed, rectification and reform in the restricted areas reached standards, and a four-level quality and safety monitoring system for agricultural products of cities, towns (streets), villages and enterprises was established in an all-round way. Carry out the "Green Sword" operation, strictly spot check the main body of production, establish a traceability system, and monitor the agricultural main body above scale in the whole process. And rely on the Ningbo agricultural information platform to realize the whole process information sharing. " Wu Weimin, head of the Agricultural Security Section of Fenghua Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry, said.

Speed up the connection between the export of origin and market access

It is clearly stipulated in the Circular of the General Office of the State Council on issuing the provisions on the establishment and staffing of the main responsibilities of the State Food and Drug Administration, the agricultural department is responsible for the quality and safety supervision and management of edible agricultural products from planting and breeding to entering wholesale and retail markets or production and processing enterprises. To be responsible for the supervision and management of the quality and use of veterinary drugs, feed additives and other inputs such as pesticides and fertilizers within the scope of responsibility. After entering the wholesale, retail and processing enterprises, edible agricultural products shall be supervised and administered by the food and drug supervision and administration department. In addition, the agricultural department is also responsible for the quality and safety supervision and management of livestock and poultry slaughtering and fresh milk purchase. At the same time, the two departments should establish a food safety traceability mechanism, strengthen coordination and convergence of work, and form a joint force of supervision.

Yu Yijun said that in order to better solve the problems of departmental coordination and work convergence, Zhejiang Province has set up the Municipal Market Supervision Bureau at the municipal level. Among them, there are 10 municipal administrations for industry and commerce and the Food and Drug Administration in one; Zhoushan Industry and Commerce, Food and Drug Administration and quality Supervision as one; and at the county level, the Market Regulatory Administration has been set up, with 65 two bureaus in one and 25 in one.

The reporter saw in Fenghua City that a small "certificate" was affixed to the outer packaging of agricultural products waiting for sale, with products, testing and other information written on the front and traceable QR codes printed on the back.

It is understood that Fenghua City took the lead in implementing the "quality and Safety Certificate of Edible Agricultural products" system. By the end of June, more than 30 agricultural production and operation companies in Fenghua City had cumulatively used more than 60,000 certificates, and the city strives to achieve full coverage of certificates this year.

"take the certificate as the carrier, adopt the means of safety commitment or testing, etc., implement the responsibility for safe production, establish an inspection system for collection, storage and transportation, introduce government inspection and verification, and gradually connect with the food and drug departments." Chen Song, deputy director of the Policy and Information Department of the Institute of Agricultural quality Standards and testing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Social co-governance and joint management

"the supervision of the quality and safety of agricultural products should adhere to the problem-oriented, strict control is a hard means, and it is effective. Find the problem through inspection and inspection, and solve the problem through administration, judicature and co-governance. Through standardization, technical services to standardize production, to ensure that the production is safe. " Cheng Jingen said.

Cheng Jingen analyzed that the key point of strengthening supervision is to highlight the governance of problems, the implementation of territorial responsibilities, and the construction of supervision system and mechanism. Among them, the governance of outstanding problems should pay more attention to the governance of leading industries, systemic risks and regional risks.

To promote the quality and safety of agricultural products, the government plays a vital role, but also needs the joint participation of various forces of the society. One of the important aspects of promoting social co-governance is the construction of credit system. In Zhejiang Province, it has begun to explore the integrity management of agricultural products. Deqing County has established the province's first agricultural product alliance with the purpose of honesty. The member units authorize the use of the regional public brand of "Deqing sister-in-law", develop the integrity agricultural product information system of Deqing county, and set up the "Deqing sister-in-law" honesty reward fund. On the other hand, the credit management system of agricultural product quality and safety in Shaoxing pays more attention to the combination of credit evaluation and project support.

Carrying out risk communication is an important means to solve the problem of quality and safety of agricultural products. In order to encourage public participation, Zhejiang Province has opened agricultural products testing sites to the public free of charge, and rapid testing rooms in 1165 townships across the province have been opened free of charge; at the same time, social supervision has been introduced, a number of hotlines such as 96317 and 12316 have been set up and a reward system for reporting has been established.

Such a sign is set up in the field of Tengtoushi Zhang Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. it lists in detail the brief introduction of the base, the members of the leading group for the quality and safety of agricultural products in the street, the organization chart of the company's quality control, the publicity of the test report and the standardized cultivation model map of cherries and strawberries in the pollution-free greenhouse. This is the Fenghua city's innovative "agricultural product quality and safety rest assured base bulletin board construction".

Nowadays, the introduction of third parties to participate in the quality and safety of agricultural products has become a more and more common phenomenon. Yang Mingsheng, chairman of Beijing Dabang Food Safety Technology Co., Ltd., said that the idea of Dabang's "cloud standard" platform is to provide a cloud supervision platform to the city and county government to help county and township regulators and assistant supervisors deepen inspection, supervision and law enforcement supervision, and implement the duty of "good management". At the same time, with the help of own cloud standards, cloud detection, cloud traceability, cloud farmers business platform, carry out standard services, traceability application, inspection and testing, production and marketing docking and consumption guidance services. The mechanism of high quality and high price will be used to realize the standardization of production, the gridding of supervision, the whole process of traceability, the certification of entering the market, and the global marketing, so as to greatly improve the ability to guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products.