Developing large-scale Ecological Agriculture is an important starting Point for supply-side Reform

The 2016 Central Committee document No. 1 proposed to promote the supply-side structural reform of agriculture, speed up the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, maintain the stable development of agriculture and the continuous increase of farmers' income, and take the road of agricultural modernization with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environment-friendly. The development of scale ecological agriculture is an important starting point of agricultural supply-side structural reform and an effective supplement to the deficiency of traditional scale operation. Ecological agriculture ensures "safety on the tip of the tongue", provides heterogeneous agricultural products, achieves premium income, breaks through double squeeze, has stronger pertinence of demand and higher effectiveness of supply. Moderate scale operation is the only way to develop modern agriculture. Through the green quality revolution, agricultural scale operation takes the road of ecological agriculture, improves quality and efficiency, and realizes the unity of ecological, economic and social benefits.

The development of ecological agriculture also has the corresponding driving force of policy environment and consumer demand. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the construction of ecological civilization has become a major strategic task of the whole party and country. under the guidance of the concept of ecological civilization, it has become the consensus of the whole society not to talk about heroes in terms of GDP. The concept change and corresponding actions of changing the mode of development are profoundly affecting all aspects of industrial and agricultural production. The Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward a new concept of development, the whole society pays more attention to green development, and pays more attention to "safety on the tip of the tongue". With the increase of residents' income and the strengthening of the awareness of food quality and safety, the purchasing power of high-quality agricultural products has increased, so that the potential demand has been transformed into effective demand.

Demand pull is the main driving force for the development of ecological agriculture, and supply to create demand is also an important way for the development of ecological agriculture. Only when the demand pull is transferred to the supply advance, can we stimulate the endogenous power of the development of ecological agriculture. According to the law of market supply, in terms of supply promotion, it is necessary to take the initiative to implement brand and marketing strategy. The value of ecological agriculture lies in ecological brand. The development of ecological agriculture should pay special attention to the trinity of ecological certification, brand creation and marketing. The government should do a good job in the supply of policies and systems, reduce the transaction costs for the development of ecological agriculture, reform subsidy methods, and give corresponding incentives to the "three products and one standard" base, so as to form a good positive incentive mechanism.

The development of ecological agriculture itself is a systematic project. Relying on the scientific methods and concepts of ecology and environmental protection, ecological agriculture not only pays attention to the application of resource-saving and environment-friendly technology, pays attention to the supply management of agricultural inputs, but also needs to follow up the supply of a series of structural systems. The development of ecological agriculture should be based on diversification, specialization, scale, industrialization and marketization, as well as capital injection and centralized product marketing. the effective combination of capital going to the countryside and ecological management mode can realize the rapid development of ecological agriculture. Ecological agriculture needs to borrow the power of social capital and give full play to the role of market mechanism, and it also needs the government to take drastic measures in land reform to promote the smooth flow of land with complete land rights, and to realize the transformation from fragmentation to scale and from homogeneity to heterogeneity. At the same time, we should make overall planning for urban development areas, agricultural development areas and ecological red line areas, implement zero tolerance for environmental pollution, and strictly control pollution with an iron fist.

From the perspective of deep structural reform, there is a multi-dimensional chain relationship in ecological agriculture. The first is the progressive structural goal system of ecological agriculture: the first is the step-by-step goal from ecological agriculture to ecological civilization; the second is the step-by-step goal from pollution-free agriculture to organic agriculture; the third is the step-by-step goal from planting to planting and breeding; the fourth is the cascade goal from single ecological standard to relatively natural circular ecological agriculture. Under the quadruple progressive goal, other functional goals are derived, which are mainly the combination of global ecology and local ecology, the integration of traditional agriculture and modern agriculture, and the profound change of agricultural development mode through the development of ecological agriculture. Secondly, ecological agriculture is not concept hype. It is necessary to realize seamless supervision from production to marketing, from field to table, and to establish a long-term management mechanism with the supervision of government functional departments, the responsibility of certified enterprises, the participation of production subjects and the supervision of the masses of the media. it needs real structural reform to be completed. Third, eco-agriculture has high-end characteristics, which is not only determined by the high-end standards of eco-agriculture, but also by the market share of high-end demand for organic products. At the same time, ecological agriculture has the role of high-end traction, that is, through the development of ecological agriculture on a limited scale, it forms a cascade price system, expands the development space for general scale operation, and forms a good agricultural economic and ecological structure.

On the whole, the development of ecological agriculture is still in the primary stage, and it is faced with the common problems of agricultural supply-side reform. In order to give full play to the leading role and backwardness advantages of ecological agriculture, some outstanding problems need to be solved. First, it is necessary to solve the problem of rebuilding the main body of ecological agriculture, do a good job in the work of clarifying land rights, let contractors and importers take reassurance at the same time, and cultivate various forms of scale operators on this basis. focus on solving the problem of "no constant production and no perseverance", so as to enhance the consciousness and self-discipline of operators in the development of ecological agriculture. Second, the mechanism of mutual promotion and co-construction of multiple subjects of ecological agriculture should be formed. while arousing the enthusiasm of business subjects, the government should also play a corresponding role, let multiple subjects work together, establish and improve ecological compensation incentive mechanism and supervision and restraint mechanism, solve the positive externalities of ecological agriculture and the negative externalities caused by moral hazard in the management of ecological products, and form a fair and transparent market environment. We will promote the sustained and healthy development of ecological agriculture. Third, carry out a general survey of land quality, implement comprehensive control of agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural environmental restoration projects, designate areas with serious pollution as prohibited agricultural production areas, and keep the bottom line of agricultural safety production. Fourth, from the specific supply level, we should pay attention to the high-end characteristics of ecological agriculture, adhere to the principle of "lack rather than abuse" to develop ecological agriculture, and should not rise in a mass rally. at the same time, we should provide different levels of supply from pollution-free to organic ecological products. To seek the inclusive development of ecological agriculture with the concept of large ecological agriculture.