Development trend and Task of Modern Agriculture in China

Agriculture is the foundation of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and realizing national modernization. During the 13th five-year Plan period, the synchronous development of agricultural modernization, industrialization, informatization and urbanization is more urgent, and the contradiction between ensuring the effective supply of grain and other important agricultural products and the carrying capacity of resources and environment is more prominent. We should be based on the national conditions of agriculture, comply with the requirements of the times, speed up the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, and speed up the pace of agricultural technological innovation. Take the road of agricultural modernization with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environment-friendly.

Prospect of the Development trend of Modern Agriculture in China

The production capacity of ■ important agricultural products has been steadily improved. The structural imbalance of ■ agriculture has improved.

■ agricultural green development level steadily improved ■ rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries integration significantly improved

■ agriculture opens wider to the outside world

Since the 12th five-year Plan, the state has continuously deepened the reform of agricultural system and mechanism, strengthened the policy of strengthening farmers and benefiting rich farmers, and increased financial support for farmers. with the joint efforts of governments at all levels and hundreds of millions of farmers, the construction of modern agriculture has made outstanding achievements. During the 13th five-year Plan period, China's modern agriculture will show the following development trends:

First, the production capacity of important agricultural products has increased steadily. During the 13th five-year Plan period, with the continuous strengthening of the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers and rich farmers, the reforms in key areas and key links such as rural land system, property right system and agricultural management system have been pushed forward in depth. the material foundation and policy conditions supporting the development of modern agriculture are more solid, and agriculture is expected to maintain a stable development trend under the joint action of the impetus of pro-agricultural policies, the driving force of technological progress and the vitality of rural reform. The production capacity of important agricultural products will be gradually increased. But at the same time, the strings of agricultural resources will become more and more tight, and it will be more difficult for the output of agricultural products to grow rapidly on a high base. Land fallow and soil remediation have led to the withdrawal of part of the production capacity, the planting area of agricultural products will be reduced, and the growth rate of output will also decline. Among the factors promoting the production capacity of agricultural products, the substitution of technology and capital for labor, and the substitution of social services for family labor will become more and more obvious. high and new technologies such as the Internet of things, molecular breeding, and advanced equipment manufacturing will be more widely used in agriculture, and the level of agricultural standardization and information will be gradually improved. At the same time, the new agricultural socialization service system will be more perfect, agricultural production outsourcing and land trusteeship will become an important trend, and the degree of agricultural organization will continue to improve.

Second, the structural imbalance in agriculture has improved. During the 13th five-year Plan period, the imbalance of agricultural structure is difficult to be fundamentally reversed in the short term, but with the gradual establishment of the "big food safety concept" and the return to rationalization of the price relationship of agricultural products, the pace of internal structure adjustment of planting industry will be accelerated. With the active promotion of the construction of agricultural industrial chain and value chain, as well as the extensive application of new technologies and new models, the level of overall development of grain, economy and feeding will continue to improve, the degree of integration of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing will be continuously strengthened, and the level of integration of farming and aquaculture will be continuously improved. the agricultural industrial system will be more sound, and the imbalance of variety structure will be improved. At the same time, with the delineation of permanent basic farmland and the acceleration of the construction of grain functional areas and protected areas for important agricultural products, the phenomenon of urbanization and industrialization encroaching on agricultural production space in some areas will be curbed and reduced. the regional structure of agricultural production will also be improved.

Third, the development level of agricultural greening has improved steadily. On the one hand, with the continuous improvement of the income level, the consumption demand of urban and rural residents continues to upgrade, not only to have enough to eat, but also to eat well, increasing attention and requirements for the quality and safety of agricultural products, and increasing demand for safe and high-quality agricultural products. changes in market demand will force the adjustment of agricultural production and promote the low-carbon and circular development of agriculture. On the other hand, with the gradual improvement of the sustainable development mechanism of agriculture, the in-depth development of zero growth in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, and the continuous popularization and application of soil testing, formula fertilization and green prevention and control technology, the extensive agricultural development model of large water and large fertilizer will be changed, and the level of agricultural cleaner production will be improved. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the system of standards and technical norms for the production, management and use of agricultural inputs, and the strengthening of national supervision over the quality and safety of agricultural products, the risk prevention and control of the quality and safety of agricultural products will be further strengthened. it is conducive to promoting the green mode of agricultural production.

Fourth, the degree of integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas has improved significantly. During the 13th five-year Plan period, with the deepening of institutional reform, the continuous formation of a unified market system in urban and rural areas, the decisive role of market allocation of resources was further brought into play, and the obstacles to the free flow of urban and rural factors were gradually removed. Modern factors of production, new business models and formats represented by technology and capital will infiltrate into rural areas in all directions and on a large scale, which is bound to bring about profound changes in the mode of agricultural production and organization. At the same time, the increase of urban population and the upgrading of consumption structure have not only provided a broader space for expanding the consumption demand of agricultural products and expanding agricultural functions, but also created conditions for large-scale production and intensive management of agriculture. Driven by the supporting policy of industrial integration and the demonstration platform, the change of supply structure driven by the reconfiguration of production factors and the change of demand driven by consumption upgrading will jointly promote the construction of agricultural industrial chain and value chain, promote the extension of agricultural industrial chain and the continuous expansion of agricultural functions, and the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas will really enter a period of great development.

Fifth, agricultural opening up to the outside world has been further expanded. During the 13th five-year Plan period, with the in-depth implementation of major national strategies such as "Belt and Road Initiative", the pace of agricultural opening to the outside world will be further accelerated, bringing in and going out will develop synchronously, and the depth and breadth of agricultural opening up to the outside world will be further improved. A higher level of "introduction" will help to make better use of international markets and resources, make better use of modern elements such as foreign advanced production technology, machinery and equipment, and high-end talents, and ease the tension between supply and demand of domestic agricultural products. Reduce the pressure on domestic resources and environment A larger scale of "going out" will help to expand the space for agricultural development, enhance China's position in the division of labor in the global agricultural value chain, and enhance China's ability to use international resources to regulate the prices of domestic agricultural products. But at the same time, the trend of inverted prices of major agricultural products at home and abroad will not change in the short term, the speculation and transmission of international agricultural products market will also deepen, agricultural export trade frictions will increase, and the pressure of agricultural foreign investment competition will further increase.

The main task of speeding up the development of modern agriculture

■ stabilizes and protects Comprehensive Grain production capacity ■ optimizes the structure and layout of agricultural industry

■ promotes the level of agricultural science and technology and material equipment ■ promotes the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas

■ Construction of New Agricultural socialization Service system ■ vigorously develop Ecological friendly Agriculture

■ improve the quality supervision system of agricultural products ■ speed up the pace of agriculture going out

In order to achieve the overall goal of agricultural development during the 13th five-year Plan period, the main tasks of speeding up the development of modern agriculture include the following aspects:

First, stabilize and protect the comprehensive grain production capacity. During the 13th five-year Plan period, with the trend growth of population, the promotion of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, the gap between grain production and demand is still large. We should always adhere to the national grain security strategy of giving priority to ourselves, standing at home, ensuring production capacity, moderate imports, and scientific and technological support, basically stabilize the sown area of grain, explore the establishment of functional areas for grain production, and optimize the structure of grain varieties and quality. efforts should be made to improve grain yield per unit area, improve the level of grain quality and safety, ensure basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute safety of grain rations, and strengthen the construction of production capacity in major and reserve grain producing areas.

The second is to optimize the structure and layout of agricultural industry. We will speed up the reform of the price formation mechanism of agricultural products, straighten out the price comparison among agricultural products, and rely on price levers to guide the adjustment of the structure and layout of agricultural production. We will strengthen the construction of protected areas for the production of important agricultural products and advantageous industrial belts, consolidate the production of cotton, oil, sugar and other industrial raw materials, enhance the stable supply of vegetables, and promote the large-scale and standardized production of animal products and horticultural products. promote healthy aquaculture. Guide the agricultural products processing industry to concentrate to the advantageous areas of planting and breeding industry, urban suburbs and counties, and promote industrial agglomeration and optimization and upgrading.

Third, efforts should be made to raise the level of agricultural science and technology and material equipment. We will vigorously promote independent innovation in agricultural science and technology, speed up the cultivation of new crop varieties, build a modern crop seed industry system, and promote the popularization and integrated application of new agricultural varieties and technologies. We will vigorously promote standardized production and strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland, large-scale livestock and poultry farms (residential areas) and standardized ponds. Speed up the construction of agricultural mechanization and support the research, development, popularization and application of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment. We will improve the agricultural information service system, build agricultural intelligent production demonstration bases and parks, and vigorously develop a networked, intelligent and refined new model of modern agriculture. We will establish and improve a long-term mechanism for agricultural disaster prevention and reduction, and improve our ability to respond to natural disasters and major emergencies.

Fourth, actively promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas. We will encourage the development of multiple modes of industrial integration in rural areas, promote the integrated development of planting and breeding, chain extension, agricultural function expansion, technology penetration and complex integration, and promote the cluster development of agricultural products processing industry and leisure agriculture. We will support the development and growth of new business entities, improve the ability of farmers to participate in rural industrial integration, and guide different types of business entities to work together and complement each other. We will actively cultivate new business type, vigorously develop rural e-commerce, explore and build e-commerce industrial parks, vigorously develop intelligent and leisure agriculture, upgrade the level of development of facility agriculture, and encourage communities to support the development of agriculture, agricultural crowdfunding and other new business type. Build a public service system for the development of rural industrial integration, establish a tight interest linkage mechanism and a risk prevention mechanism for rural industrial integration. We will establish a pilot demonstration zone for the integration and development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas, and play a leading role in the radiation of the demonstration area. We will strengthen the construction of rural infrastructure, focus on breaking through the bottleneck of rural transport facilities, consolidate the agricultural foundation for industrial integration and development, and support the construction of rural secondary and tertiary industrial infrastructure.

Fifth, speed up the construction of a new type of agricultural socialized service system. We will improve agricultural public service institutions, strengthen the monitoring, early warning, prevention and control of major crop diseases and insect pests, and improve the animal epidemic prevention system. We will actively train new types of agricultural operators, and encourage farmers' professional cooperatives, new professional farmers, professional service companies, farmer brokers, leading enterprises and all kinds of industrial and commercial capital to provide various forms of agricultural production and operation services. We will strengthen the development of agricultural information resources and establish a unified information chain for planting, breeding and circulation. Develop the modern circulation mode of agricultural products and improve the circulation system of agricultural products.

Sixth, vigorously develop eco-friendly agriculture. We will improve the strictest cultivated land protection system, intensive and economical land use system, water resources management system, and environmental protection system, and strive to improve the implementation of the system. In accordance with the principle of no reduction in production capacity, we will improve the system of balance between occupation and compensation of cultivated land. We will carry out in-depth recuperation of agricultural resources, focus on promoting soil remediation and treatment in areas polluted by heavy metals, continue to return farmland to forests and grasslands, and basically establish an ecological compensation mechanism. We will comprehensively deepen the control of agricultural non-point source pollution and make every effort to promote water-saving, land-saving, medicine-saving, fertilizer-saving, seed-saving and other conservation-oriented agriculture. Improve the design of agricultural machinery according to the requirements of sustainable crop production, and develop intelligent, simple, accurate, efficient and practical agricultural machinery with little impact on soil and landscape. We will promote the research and development and application of low-carbon agricultural technologies, strengthen the conservation of agricultural biological resources, and strengthen the ecological protection of grasslands in areas where grazing is returned to grassland. Speed up the development of ecological agriculture, optimize the spatial pattern of urban and rural green space, and improve the ecological function of agriculture.

Seventh, improve the quality supervision system of agricultural products. Adhere to source control, cure both the symptoms and the root causes, purify the environment of agricultural products producing areas, establish a monitoring network for the environmental monitoring of agricultural products producing areas, implement a regulatory system for the use of agricultural inputs, speed up agricultural standardization and clean production, implement regional and stage-by-stage recuperation, delineate prohibited areas for the production of edible agricultural products according to the serious pollution of cultivated land and water resources, and carry out centralized remediation actions. Strengthen routine monitoring and quality survey, expand the monitoring scope of agricultural and veterinary drug residues, aquatic product drug residues, feed and feed additives, and eliminate hidden risks in a timely manner. Build a nationwide network for R & D and promotion of testing technology. We should establish a risk assessment system and operating mechanism for the quality and safety of agricultural products, strengthen the construction of a national data analysis and processing platform for the quality and safety monitoring of agricultural products, and dynamically grasp the hidden risks. We will improve emergency plans for the quality and safety of agricultural products and establish a rapid response mechanism.

The eighth is to speed up the pace of agriculture going out. We will speed up the formulation of strategic plans for agriculture going out, identify key areas, and strive to take the lead in making breakthroughs in some areas. We will encourage the use of resource development, market development, foreign investment, and technical cooperation to focus on key areas such as warehousing and logistics, marketing networks, and grain production bases, so as to improve the effectiveness of agriculture going abroad. We will improve the policy support system for overseas agricultural investment, establish and improve relevant laws and regulations, and create a standardized and orderly institutional environment. We will encourage areas with favorable conditions to speed up the development of agriculture, encourage and equally support state-owned and private enterprises to go out more and faster, and cultivate world-class grain merchants and agricultural companies.