How much potential can be tapped for a bumper harvest?

This year, 620000 mu of wheat in Gaoqing County, Shandong Province has had another bumper harvest, with an average yield of 504.3 kg per mu, an increase of 2.02 kg over last year, and 14 consecutive abundant summer grain. With years of bumper grain harvests, many people wonder whether the momentum of continuous grain growth can be maintained and how much potential for high grain yields can be tapped. In the interview, agricultural sector cadres, agricultural experts and major grain growers, ordinary farmers gave their own answers.

How many medium-and low-yield fields need to be developed?

In the north of Zhongdian Village, Hailizhai Town, there is a piece of land called "Wazi", which means that the land is low-lying and waterlogged when it rains. "this piece of land depends on heaven for food, harvests grasshoppers in drought and toads in flood, and its income is not fixed. In a normal year, three or four hundred kilograms per mu would be good. Last year, a comprehensive agricultural development project was implemented here, 'Wazi' became a 'high-yield side', and 500 to 600 kilograms became normal output. " Villager Guo Shaoqing said.

Li Peng, deputy director of the Gaoqing Agricultural Comprehensive Development Office, said that Gaoqing farmers used to call the project area for the transformation of medium-and low-yield fields in comprehensive agricultural development as the "high-yield side," and the project carried out comprehensive management of ditches, ditches, forest bridges and culverts in the middle-and low-yield fields. Finally, "drought can be irrigated and waterlogging can drain", laying the foundation for a bumper harvest.

This year, the acceptance results of experts organized by the agricultural department show that the grain output of the high-yield side is 10% more than that of ordinary grain fields, and the effect of increasing grain production is obvious. Gao Qing is one of the 19 districts and counties in the "Yellow Triangle". In the past, the soil was saline-alkali and barren, and after more than a decade of continuous development by agricultural comprehensive development, land, water conservancy and other departments, agricultural production conditions have been greatly improved. it is the main driving force for continuous grain production.

Up to now, Gaoqing still has more than 100,000 mu of medium-and low-yield fields that need to be renovated, which is also a place where the potential for grain production can be quickly tapped. At the same time, there is a problem of "post-construction management and protection" after the implementation of agricultural projects. "the facilities within the developer are damaged every year, which requires' management and protection'in order to maintain the sustainable and high-yield capacity of the land. In recent years, Gao Qing has explored the introduction of new business entities such as agricultural enterprises and farmers' cooperatives to undertake the task of managing and protecting facilities after the implementation of the project, with good results. " Li Peng said.

How many "scale" articles can be done?

Every year, Zhang Shuguang, a farmer in Shali village, is busy farming at home and going out to work at leisure. The days of farming at home count for three months. "it doesn't matter for us to beat hundreds more catties of grain and less than hundreds of catties. I earn more than 3000 yuan a month when I work, and I grow land for a year." Zhang Shuguang said.

The reporter found that there are not a few people in rural areas who hold an "indifferent" attitude towards land like Zhang Shuguang. Du Zuozhong, deputy director of the Agricultural Bureau of Gaoqing County, said: at present, farmers' attitude towards land has been divided, and migrant workers do not expect to farm, and the left-behind women and elderly people who farm at home do so because they have a land complex and do not care too much about grain. At present, it is the new business entities such as grain growing cooperatives, family farms, and large professional households that are "concerned". "more than 100 jin of land per mu looks like a small number, but more mu is a large number, and what the big grain growers want is the benefit of growing grain on a large scale."

In recent years, Gao Qing has integrated and promoted high-yield technologies such as wide precision sowing, backward movement of nitrogen fertilizer, and "one spray and three prevention." the new main body of large-scale grain cultivation has been accepted very quickly, but the old people and women who stay in the field are not very active. Farming is still used to the old ways and routines.

Du Zuozhong said that it is still necessary to do a good job in this article of "scale." First, we must rely on large-scale operation, continue to steadily promote land transfer, guide the concentration of land management rights to large grain growers, family farms, and grain cooperatives, and cultivate new types of grain production and operation subjects; second, we must rely on large-scale services. it is necessary to speed up the cultivation of social service subjects such as agricultural machinery cooperatives and specialized unified defense and control teams, promote new social service models such as land trusteeship, and allow specialized service organizations to "help farmers cultivate land."

How many "secret recipes for high yield" need to be promoted?

In Tai Li Village, Changjia Town and its surrounding villages, Li Hongwu, chairman of the professional cooperative for fertile grain cultivation, is a famous grain grower. Last year, the cooperative's grain growing area reached 600mu, and the per mu yield of wheat and corn reached 1360 jin and 1400 jin respectively.

"my secret recipe for high yield is to water Sanshui well." Li Hongwu said: "Sanshui" is wheat overwintering water, green water, and filling water. When growing grain, we should pay attention to seasons, and every season, we should take necessary measures to keep up with it. He said, for example, that in December last year, they generally watered the wheat in the field for overwintering, and the condition of wheat seedlings was very good. Many farmers were looking forward to snow because they were afraid of cold and troublesome. If they saved the water, they did not know that a single snowflake had fallen. Especially in the wheat field where the straw is returned to the field, the seedling condition of wheat is generally weak if it is not watered with winter water.

In Hougong Village, Tianzhen Street, the secret recipe of Gong Ximin, a big grain grower, is the mixed use of soil and miscellaneous fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. His practice is to sow wheat in autumn and apply a tractor cow dung on an acre of land. When sowing corn in summer, apply a bag of diamine with the sowing. "sowing with topdressing, we call it a cannon." Because he insists on applying soil and miscellaneous fertilizers, his family's soil fertility is particularly sufficient, and its yield is higher than that of ordinary farmers.

"many big grain growers have found a secret recipe for high yield that suits them." Du Zuozhong said, "in fact, most of these secret recipes are consistent with the main push technology in the county, but after the farmers' practice and summary, the term is a bit rustic, but it is very suitable for promotion."

Du Zuozhong said that how to transform the main agricultural promotion technology into a "secret recipe for high yield" that farmers can understand and easily accept has become the main way for Gao Qing to make great efforts to break through the "last kilometer" of agricultural technology promotion. Gao Qing integrates the activities of "improved seed Project", "fertile soil Project", "Green Pastoral Project" and "demonstration of Agricultural Science and Technology entering Village and Household", and formulates different "secret recipes for high yield" according to different crops. By running a special program of "Green Pastoral" in television, it is printed as "clear paper" and distributed to villages, groups, and households, and these real technologies are delivered to farmers. "these 'secret recipes for high yield' have all been popularized, and the total grain output will be greatly increased." Du Zuozhong said.