Accelerate the development of eco-friendly agriculture

The development of eco-friendly agriculture is an important way to alleviate resource constraints, prevent environmental pollution, protect agricultural ecology and realize the sustainable development of agriculture. Since the 1970s, with the emergence of agricultural environmental problems, the concept and exploration of ecological agriculture has gradually formed and developed in China, showing good ecological, economic and social benefits in the process of demonstration. However, ecological agriculture has not become the dominant mode of agricultural development, and there are multi-dimensional dilemmas in the stage of development, institutional change, technological progress and policy guidance.

With the promotion of the construction of national ecological civilization and the improvement of residents' awareness of food quality and safety, the development of eco-friendly agriculture has gradually become the consensus of governments at all levels and all sectors of society. The report of the 18th CPC National Congress discusses ecological civilization at the height of "five in one". Agricultural ecological civilization is an important part of the construction of ecological civilization. The first document of the Central Committee in 2014 clearly put forward the development of eco-friendly agriculture. On July 30, 2015, the General Office of the State Council issued the opinions on speeding up the Transformation of the Mode of Agricultural Development. It is pointed out that "promoting agricultural development from quantitative growth to equal emphasis on quantity and quality", "from extensive management of resource consumption to sustainable development, take the road of modern agricultural development with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environment-friendly". In this context, efforts should be made to accelerate the development of eco-friendly agriculture from the aspects of system improvement, policy guidance, technological innovation and market cultivation, and seek new breakthroughs in changing the mode of agricultural development.

(1) improve the government regulation and management system of eco-friendly agriculture. We will improve the system of laws and regulations in the field of agricultural resources and environment, and use the system to ensure the development of eco-friendly agriculture. We will study and formulate laws and regulations such as the regulations on the Protection of cultivated Land quality and the regulations on Fertilizer Management, and strengthen the responsibility of agricultural management departments for supervising the quality of cultivated land. We will promote the revision of relevant laws and regulations such as the Land Management Law, the regulations on the Protection of basic farmland, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water pollution, and the Law on the Promotion of Circular economy. We will strictly implement the regulations on the Prevention and Control of pollution from large-scale breeding of Livestock and Poultry, strengthen the law enforcement capacity of grass-roots environmental protection regulatory departments, and strengthen judicial protection. Establish a property right system of agricultural natural resources assets with clear ownership, clear rights and responsibilities, and effective supervision, and clarify and implement the responsibilities of owners of cultivated land and other natural resources assets. We will improve rural collective economic organizations and strengthen the ability of rural land supervision and management. The consumption of agricultural resources, the discharge of pollutants and the damage to the ecological environment will be included in the assessment and evaluation system of local, especially county and township leading bodies. Establish an agro-ecological compensation system for intensive utilization of agricultural resources, prevention and control of agricultural environmental pollution and agro-ecological protection.

(2) to strengthen planning guidance and policy support for eco-friendly agriculture. We will optimize the distribution of agricultural regions and industries, and implement use control. We will promote the construction of eco-agricultural demonstration zones and circular agriculture demonstration cities, and start the construction of modern eco-agricultural innovation demonstration bases. Optimize and adjust the planting industry, breeding industry and their internal structure, implement the ecological absorption area of livestock and poultry breeding, and form an industrial structure with mutual integration of industries and multi-level circulation of materials. Establish different levels and different scope of agricultural cycle system to improve the utilization rate of resources. We will adjust and improve existing agricultural subsidy policies, and increase subsidies in favor of eco-friendly agricultural development and agro-ecological environment protection. Explore the income of land sale to support the quality construction of cultivated land. Through financial incentives and subsidies, we will support the use of slow (controlled) release fertilizers, organic fertilizers and formula fertilizers, the use of high-efficiency and low-residue pesticides, the use of high-standard agricultural films and the recovery of residual films and waste pesticide packaging. We will further promote soil testing and formula fertilization.

(3) to innovate the technical system and service mode of eco-friendly agriculture. Focus on the development of land, water resources, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural film intensive use technology, livestock and poultry manure and crop straw resource utilization technology. Strengthen the protection of agricultural cultural heritage, in-depth excavation of traditional agricultural technology and knowledge, absorb the essence of traditional agriculture to promote the development of modern ecological agriculture. We will establish an eco-friendly agricultural technology information release platform and strengthen the ability of grass-roots agro-technical departments to popularize eco-friendly agricultural technologies. We will support farmers' cooperatives, professional and technical associations and technical service companies to carry out eco-friendly agro-technical services. We will support the development of specialized unified defense ruling organizations and standardize the service behavior of professional unified defense ruling. Integrate resources to build an eco-friendly agro-technical service center to promote relevant technologies to farmers to the field.

(4) improve the multi-party participation and market mechanism of eco-friendly agriculture. We will guide new business entities, such as large professional households, family farms, farmers' cooperatives and agricultural enterprises, to develop eco-friendly agriculture, and encourage the production of pollution-free agricultural products, green food, organic agricultural products and other ecological agricultural products, support the geographical indications of agricultural products and the certification of good agricultural practices, and give preferential policies in the areas of initial investment, product certification and market development. We will improve the radiation-driving capacity of farmers' cooperatives and agricultural enterprises, improve the mechanisms for linking interests and sharing benefits, and let farmers truly share the achievements of developing eco-friendly agriculture and protecting the agricultural ecological environment. We will carry out eco-friendly technical training and strengthen the certification, supervision and market cultivation of ecological agricultural products.