After the wheat harvest, I look forward to selling a "comfortable grain".

Recently, as the major wheat producing areas have won the war of machine harvest, the work of wheat harvest is basically over. As of June 19, 320 million mu of winter wheat had been harvested nationwide, exceeding the area receivable by 95%. The wheat has been harvested, and how to sell "safe grain" and "comfortable grain" is the problem that farmers are most concerned about. Affected by many factors such as high grain stocks and continuous overcast and rain, what new situations and new characteristics have been presented in the purchase of summer grain this year? What policies and measures do various localities have to ensure that farmers who have worked hard for a season will not encounter "difficulties in selling grain"? The reporter went to Henan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei and other major wheat producing provinces to conduct investigations.

The overall output is guaranteed, and the weather causes some of the quality to decline.

On June 15, the drying ground of Huanyong farmers planting professional cooperatives was covered with golden wheat in Duzhuang Village, Wangu Town, Huaxian County, Henan Province. Du Huanyong, chairman of the cooperative, has just relieved himself from the "Longkou grabbing grain" a few days ago. There was rain during the wheat harvest from June 4 to 6, and when the weather cleared up after June 7, du Huanyong organized all agricultural machinery to be dispatched, and it took two days to finish harvesting more than 2000 mu of wheat. "this year, there is no danger. The yield per mu can reach more than 1100 jin, and the yield of some good plots exceeds 1300 jin per mu."

For Zhang Ming, a big grain grower in Pingling Village, Sizhai Township, Yanjin County, the rain caused him a lot of losses. Zhang Ming planted more than 1000 mu of wheat this year. "he harvested 1x3 before the rain, which is of good quality and can be recycled by enterprises. But the remaining wheat due to imperfect grain rate and bud rate are excessive, when the seeds are not, now we are looking for a way out for these sprouts. "

For the provinces less affected by rainfall, the wheat yield is basically the same as last year, and the quality of new wheat is better than last year in some places. Most of the wheat in Shandong achieve "well-done, very harvest", which effectively avoids the mildew caused by rainfall that the wheat can not be dried in time. The interview found that, except for the poor quality of new wheat caused by disaster weather in a few areas, the quality of new wheat was guaranteed in most parts of the province. The yield and quality of wheat in Hebei are good this year. According to the estimation of the agricultural department, the area of wheat harvested in summer in Hebei this year is 34.485 million mu, and the number of spikes per mu of wheat has decreased by 9000 compared with last year, but the number of grains per spike has reached 31.59, an increase of 0.5. due to early heading, the light during the filling period is sufficient, the temperature is suitable, the filling speed is fast, and the grain is full. The 1000-grain weight is estimated to be 37.42g, an increase of 0.22g, and the per unit yield is the same as that of the previous year.

Under the influence of super El Nino, extreme disastrous weather has occurred frequently in China since the beginning of the flood this year, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Henan and other provinces. The reporter learned that due to the postponement of the sowing date of wheat last year, Jiangsu experienced "late spring cold" twice after the beginning of spring, and encountered continuous overcast and rainy weather in sowing, jointing, harvesting and other key links, and the quality of wheat in some areas was greatly affected. The morbidity of wheat moisture and scab is higher, there are more imperfect grains, and the proportion of foreign grain is so large that it can not enter the grain depot and can not be sold at the market price of 1.18 yuan / jin. Many large grain growers and family farms have suffered great losses.

The market is not active, and farmers generally hesitate to sell.

Shi Guojie, secretary of the party branch of Liuzhuang Village, Cixian County, Hebei Province, told reporters that there has been a bumper wheat harvest this year, with a yield of 1100-1300 jin per mu, which is considered a bumper harvest year in terms of both total weight and quality. But the price of wheat is not ideal and the masses are unwilling to sell it. "when wheat was first harvested a few days ago, the price was 1.13 yuan to 1.14 yuan per catty, but now the purchase price offered by vendors who come to the village to collect grain is about 0.96 yuan per catty, which is too different from the state protection price."

Dezhou, the largest grain producing city in Shandong Province, has finished harvesting the new wheat. At present, the purchase price of individual grain merchants in the Dezhou wheat market is between 1.08 yuan and 1.13 yuan per jin, and that of flour enterprises is between 1.12 yuan and 1.17 yuan, which is 0.06 yuan-0.08 yuan lower than that of the same period last year.

A person in charge of the Dezhou Grain Bureau said that although the purchase price of Kaicheng is lower than that of last year, the trend in the later period is still generally optimistic: first, at present, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu and Henan have launched a pre-purchase plan for wheat to support the market. Farmers are well aware of the national minimum wheat purchase policy, and the price lower than the protective price means that there is a greater possibility of supporting the market plan. Wheat harvest except for migrant workers to sell wheat in order to go out, most of them use their own hoarding or generation storage to facilitate grain storage for sale. Second, during this year's wheat harvest, there were more Rain Water in the south, and wheat quality was affected to varying degrees, while Shandong was less affected, wheat quality was obviously better than last year, and Jiangsu, Anhui and Henan provinces were more enthusiastic about cross-provincial acquisition; third, the market price of old wheat was always at a high price before the new wheat harvest, and the purchase price of old wheat before the new wheat harvest was as high as 1.28 yuan per jin, which psychologically supported the bullish mentality.

It is not only some farmers who are plagued by the decline in wheat price and quality, but also some grain brokers are having a hard time. In addition to growing 400 mu of wheat, Hou Zhengguang of Xihejing Village, Baidaokou Town, Huaxian County, Anyang City, is also engaged in grain purchase business. "it's not easy to do this year. Now we've hoarded more than 1000 tons of wheat, and we can't go out. It's all in our own hands." Hou Zhengguang said that at the beginning, it was 1.18 yuan per jin, but now it has dropped to 1.1 yuan per jin. It is estimated that the hoarding of grain in hand has already lost money, at least hundreds of thousands of yuan.

"now that the market is unstable, we have suspended the market for the time being. We will wait to see the price after the start of the support market and then decide whether to continue to close or not."

According to statistics, as of June 20, Henan Province had purchased 2.39 billion kilograms of wheat, a decrease of 1.37 billion kilograms over the same period last year. Of these, 801 million kg were purchased at the lowest purchase price, 1.179 billion kg less than the same period last year, and 1.59 billion kg at the market price, 190 million kg less than the same period last year, with an average purchase price of 2.22 yuan / kg, 0.14 yuan / kg less than the same period last year.

According to data provided by the Jiangsu Provincial Grain Bureau, as of June 21, the province had accumulated 2.533 billion kilograms of wheat, of which local state-owned enterprises bought 1.659 billion kilograms and bought 740 million kilograms at the lowest price.

Take more measures to find a way out and reduce farmers' losses

In the face of the sluggish purchase and sale of the market this year, prominent contradictions in warehouse capacity, and a decline in wheat quality, relevant provincial departments and units have innovated service concepts, opened up sales channels, and done a good job in grain purchase.

The grain department of Jiangsu Province has made every effort to do a good job in the purchase and sale of "foreign wheat" in line with the principle of "loss reduction of grain farmers, no loss of state-owned enterprises, and advantages of processing enterprises." Chen Jie, director of the Jiangsu Provincial Grain Bureau, put forward three suggestions: first, buy and sell. Coordinate feed and industrial grain enterprises inside and outside the province, adopt the method of "buy and sell", directly connect grain farmers, especially large growers, and purchase foreign wheat for processing and production. The second is purchasing and storage. For the processing and transformation enterprises with insufficient funds and warehouse capacity, the state-owned grain enterprises shall adopt the method of purchasing and custody on their behalf to organize the acquisition. The third is the acquisition of Tuodi. Take the county (city, district) as the unit to formulate the purchase and sales plan of foreign wheat, and designate the state-owned grain purchasing and marketing enterprises to purchase in a standardized and orderly manner and store and sell separately.

Cities in Jiangsu are also actively carrying out actions. Yangzhou is planning to produce nearly 600000 tons of storage capacity, including 250000 tons of leased social idle storage capacity and 54000 tons of inter-provincial warehouse relocation plan. At the same time, state-owned grain purchasing and marketing enterprises are actively looking for a market for grain that does not meet the quality standards of purchasing at the lowest price. Gaoyou, Jiangdu and other county (city and district) grain bureaus have currently implemented purchase agreements of 140000 tons with Guangdong, Yixing and other grain enterprises.

Nantong City has carried out grain drying services to prevent grain from damp deterioration. The eight grain drying centers of state-owned grain purchasing enterprises have helped grain-growing economic organizations to dry more than 10, 000 tons of wheat by means of scheduled delivery, continuous drying, and urgent grain first. Various main bodies have actively carried out market-oriented purchases. As of June 15, they had actually purchased more than 8300 tons of non-grain wheat at a purchase price of about 70 yuan per 50 kilograms.

Grain departments at all levels in Hebei Province have actively made preparations for the purchase of summer grain. In view of the basic judgment that the problem of warehouse capacity has become the main contradiction in wheat purchase this year, the production situation of summer grain has been investigated, and the purchase situation has been analyzed and predicted. The survey shows that before Xinmai went on the market, the available empty warehouse capacity in wheat producing areas in the province was 15.6 billion jin, which could meet the acquisition needs in terms of total amount.

In view of the phenomenon of high water content of wheat and large imperfect grains caused by heavy rainfall this year, Henan Branch of China Grain Reserve has printed "A letter to Farmers" and "how to harvest and keep wheat in cloudy and rainy weather." it was sent to the grain broker through the township government. The second is to provide technical guidance, door-to-door purchase, appointment and inspection to farmers' specialized cooperatives and large grain growers in need, explain the methods of harvesting, finishing, and temporary storage, and impart the knowledge of ventilation and precipitation, mildew prevention and emergency treatment of grain heap heating. At the same time, it is instructed to classify and store grain with different quality standards to ensure good grain and good price. Third, for all the qualified quality indicators except moisture, the direct warehouse can provide free drying space, and set up an one-stop service hall in the warehouse, equipped with tea, heat prevention and cooling medicine, mung bean soup, first aid medicine and so on. For those who wait for a long time, free lunches are provided for farmers to sell "comfort grain".

In addition, for those whose wheat quality does not meet the national purchase standard of supporting the market, we should make full use of the existing purchase and marketing network of direct storage, and actively contact flour processing enterprises, feed processing enterprises, and alcohol factories in local and other provinces to find a way out for unqualified grain in the hands of farmers. Shenqiu direct warehouse also opened the port terminal to the public to contact deep processing enterprises and traders to purchase wheat with imperfect grains exceeding the standard at the directly affiliated warehouse terminal. The Pingdingshan direct storehouse guides the growers to purchase color selection equipment, and carries on the color selection treatment to the grain with imperfect grains slightly exceeding, and then sends it to the direct warehouse for sale after passing the preliminary test.

At the same time, the direct treasury shall set up an extended purchase point at the entrusted storage point in the area under its jurisdiction. This year, the prepared empty warehouse capacity as a whole can meet the grain sales needs of farmers, but there may be some regional imbalances. In order to solve this problem, the direct treasury took the initiative to set up extended purchase points to meet the grain sales needs of local farmers and effectively solve the problem of "difficult grain sales" of local farmers.

The warehouses directly under various cities in Henan Province also made a special reminder to farmers: the state has standards for purchasing grain, and ask farmers' friends and grain brokers to dry the grain as far as possible to meet the prescribed quality standards, and strive to sell it at a good price, which can not save trouble and affect the income from grain sales; do not send unqualified grain so as not to wait in line and fail to hand it in. The country's grain harvest policy lasts for four months. I hope that farmers' friends and grain brokers will calm down and sell grain. If there is an emergency, they can call the nearest purchase point in advance to make an appointment, so as to avoid long queues and delay.

The branches of the Agricultural Development Bank of China acted quickly to co-ordinate policy acquisitions and market acquisitions. The relevant responsible person of the Agricultural Development Bank Hebei Branch led a team to Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Handan, Baoding and other major wheat producing cities and counties to conduct research on grain farmers, brokers, purchasing and marketing enterprises, and grain consumption enterprises to understand the situation of production and acquisition. Combined with the research situation, we make a good forecast of the demand for acquisition funds according to the two situations of starting the lowest acquisition price plan and not starting it. According to the acquisition demand, actively apply for loan scale and raise credit funds to ensure the supply of summer credit funds.

At the same time, Hebei Branch requires all departments at all levels to cooperate closely to provide high-quality settlement services. For customers who open direct links between banks and enterprises, during the peak season of summer grain purchase from June 1 to August 31, the operating time of the integrated business system will be changed to 5 days × 12 hours (that is, Monday to Friday, 8: 00 to 20:00), increasing the service time to meet the settlement needs of customers. to ensure that grain farmers sell grain and get the money.