Fresh e-commerce: you can sell agricultural products without leaving home.

The development of e-commerce allows fruit farmers to sell agricultural products without leaving their homes, and their income increases. While the fruit growers are happy, there are also some problems: the apple has been returned "for no reason", the taste is not as good as it used to be, the size, color and maturity of the apple are different, and so on, which actually reflects the problem of "standardization" of agricultural products.

In areas with developed agricultural industrialization in foreign countries, because the quality, size, and specifications of each fruit have been classified and screened, all indicators of fruits at the same level are the same, that is, the so-called "standardization". Therefore, the sale is usually carried out on a "unit" basis.

In contrast, due to the lack of standards, high cost, planting technology and many other reasons, the quality of domestic fruit is usually uneven, the only thing that can be used is to sell by jin. Take fresh fruit as an example, the most common non-standardized manifestations are: different size, weight, color and other appearance, appearance damage, including physical injuries such as crushing, scratching, bird pecking, as well as mildew, frostbite, rot and other injuries. it also includes chemical damage such as odor caused by packaging and antistaling agents; taste instability, some sour, some sweet in a box of fruit With different maturity, some fruits in a box are not ripe and some are overripe. For example, kiwifruit is soft and hard; the most common ones are not ripe and need to be ripe before they can be eaten; and they are too ripe to eat. In Japanese supermarkets, apples are all the same big and sweet. The reason why it is equally sweet is that farmers use non-destructive testing instruments such as near-infrared, which can determine the amount of soluble solids by sticking to the apple and pressing a button.

The Stone of other Mountains: standardization in Foreign countries

It is understood that in developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan, agriculture is produced on the basis of a high degree of standardization. Agricultural products have a set of strict standards from regional trials and characteristic tests for new variety breeding to sowing, harvesting, processing and finishing, packaging and listing. Farmers have strict regulations on what varieties to use, when to plant watermelons, when to apply fertilizer, how much fertilizer to apply and when to pick watermelons. The length, thickness and bending degree of cucumbers on the market must meet the standard.

Japanese people buy things on a tree or only basis, which shows that Japan has done a good job in standardization. In Japan, all agricultural products must be strictly screened and classified according to certain criteria before entering the market. Fish and shrimp are measured in "strips", pears and apples are mostly measured in "only", and Chinese cabbage and cabbage are priced at one or half a tree. Vegetables and fruits are not sold in terms of weight units in the market, and agricultural products outside the grade are not allowed to be sold in the market, but as processing raw materials.

Apples in the United States and New Zealand, which are often seen in the market, are in small packages. the price of two apples is 20 yuan, even if the packing fee is excluded, each is sold for 8 yuan. On the other hand, the freshness and taste of high-quality domestic apples are better than those of imported ones, but the price is not as good as that of imported fruits. In addition to the psychology of consumers worshiping foreign countries, the most important reason is that these imported fruits are selected, waxed and polished in accordance with the standards, thus doubling their value.

For the same kind of spring onions, Japanese farmers have a set of strict and standardized processes from variety selection to different growth periods, so that the length and thickness of each spring onion is like a "clone" product; it is also growing grapes. Japan is only allowed to produce 4 clusters of grapes in an area of one square meter, each cluster of 400 grams, each grape weighs 12 grams; they also produce cucumbers, they require melons to be the same in length and color.

Experts advise "standardization"

The realization of fresh product standardization needs a process. Under the current circumstances, experts suggest that efforts should be made to promote the development of "standardization" from five aspects: standardized planting, "traceability" of agricultural products, "personalization", logistics standardization and packaging standardization.

Standardized planting is to plant according to certain scientific standards. Through standardized planting, crops can achieve high yield and income, high quality value-added, and finally achieve a great increase in output value. Standardized planting has strict and complex requirements.

The "traceability" of agricultural products is to put a "hukou" on vegetables. With the application of the dynamic quality traceability system of agricultural products, all kinds of information about the production of agricultural products is stored in a bar code, and then the bar code is affixed to the outer packaging. Consumers can find the producers, examiners, medication, fertilization, picking dates and other contents of agricultural products in the bags through computers, telephones, networks and other forms, and even find out the seeds and seedlings of this batch of agricultural products. At the same time, field files are built for agricultural products, and the role of field files is to record and supervise to ensure that products from "vegetable gardens" to "vegetable baskets" are up to standard and documented.

To do "personalization" requires the seller to take the unique characteristics of the product as the selling point, for example, mountain apple, although very sweet, but lack of water, according to standardization, there is no way to implement, which requires the seller to explain to consumers. In fact, big fruit is not necessarily of good quality. Agricultural products are very special, and everyone's taste and psychological expectations of the products are different. You may give the seller a good comment because the apple is sweet, or you may give the seller a bad review because the apple is too sweet. In this case, there is no need for standardization, and it is more meaningful to use creativity to enhance the value of each fruit and vegetable.

Logistics standardization, packaging standardization. This is also relatively easy to do, for example, Apple is suitable for direct single product packaging in the place of origin, so as to avoid damage in the process of transportation, and some products are suitable for logistics to distribution centers for repackaging.