What to do about the rise and fall of the prices of agricultural products?

For the prices of agricultural products, the first thing we need to pay attention to is not the rise and fall itself, but to figure out whether it is normal or abnormal. In order to change the "fire-fighting" method of stop-gap measures, on the one hand, we should improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products, improve the market regulation and control system and agricultural subsidy system of agricultural products, and on the other hand, speed up the construction of a new agricultural management system. promote farmers to use market-oriented organizational structure to cope with changes in market supply and demand

These days, it is the garlic harvest on the market season, "garlic ruthless" news spread again. Similar to "garlic is ruthless", "Jiang your army", "money onion", "pig firm" and so on have hardly stopped in recent years, and every wave of news of sharp rise and fall in the prices of agricultural products will arouse the attention of public opinion. So, for fresh agricultural products such as onions, garlic and vegetables, the prices of fresh agricultural products rise and fall more frequently, how to look at and how to do?

In fact, the prices of any agricultural products are rising and falling, and there is no agricultural market without ups and downs, which is the same in the global market. Therefore, for agricultural prices, the first thing we need to pay attention to is not the rise and fall itself, but to figure out whether it is a normal rise or fall or an abnormal rise and fall.

For the price of agricultural products, the normal rise and fall mainly includes several situations: the rise and fall caused by the change of supply and demand. For example, the price of mung beans was low last year, but people did not plant or grow less this year, resulting in a decrease in the supply of mung beans and a rise in prices. Rise and fall due to changes in costs. For example, the prices of chemical fertilizers, water, freight, or labor costs rise, and the prices of agricultural products rise. Rise and fall due to abnormal climate or various disasters. Agricultural production cycle is long, vulnerable to a variety of extreme weather and diseases and insect pests and other disasters, production reduction or even extinction will lead to price increases. In the context of economic globalization, changes in international market prices will also lead to changes in the prices of domestic agricultural products, which is a normal manifestation of global trade and competition.

In addition, there are several normal ups and downs: immediate or temporary price rises and falls caused by local information asymmetry. China's vast land, scattered cultivation, some areas of product supply and demand information asymmetry or unsmooth circulation caused temporary ups and downs, such as a village radish can not be sold rotten in the field, and so on. Short-term ups and downs caused by the launch season of new dishes. Agricultural products have natural properties, and prices rise relatively during the first period of time of new dishes on the market each year, and then fall relatively later. Due to the entry of capital brings a certain degree of reasonable rise and fall. Now, the proportion of all kinds of capital entering the agricultural product market is gradually increasing, which has changed the original circulation, storage, processing, sales and brand pattern, which is bound to bring about price changes. As long as it is in a reasonable range, it is a legitimate market behavior.

As for abnormal ups and downs, there are mainly two types: one is market monopoly behavior. For example, through price alliances or even malicious collusion, several large producers or sellers control the circulation and sale of certain agricultural products, mainly small products, causing prices to soar and plummet, greatly exceeding the affordability of consumers, and seriously deviating from the law of market value. Or monopolize a product for a long time, resulting in a long-term deviation from supply and demand. The other is administrative monopoly. For example, in order to bid up local products, a certain place artificially blocks the market, blocks information, controls circulation channels, or hinders the circulation and sale of certain agricultural products by means of extra high charges, resulting in serious price distortion and excessive rise and fall.

After clarifying the basic types of price rise and fall, it is easy to change the "fire-fighting" method of stop-gap measures, and "what to do" will have a clear plan and a clear target. For normal ups and downs, as long as it is not malicious hype and does not seriously disrupt the market, we should believe that the market has this ability of regulation, and to believe in the role of the market, what we need to do is to release information in a timely and comprehensive manner. to prevent the loss of the big because the information is not timely and insufficient. What is worth paying attention to is that all kinds of media should improve their ability to identify price rise and fall information, prevent them from being misled by various "balloon" price information or occasional or even man-made cases, cause hype and amplify the rise and fall signal.

For abnormal ups and downs, China has the "Price Law" and the "Anti-Monopoly Law", and financial institutions also supervise the inflow of huge amounts of capital into a certain field. It will be effective if they strictly abide by these laws and regulations, have the responsibility to defend the land and do not give a discount.

At present, the key to maintain the rise and fall of domestic agricultural prices within a reasonable range is to give full play to the role of the government. From the immediate point of view, the key point is to establish and improve the information release system, to make use of various monitoring platforms of government departments, to issue timely prediction and early warning of the supply and demand of agricultural products, to guide farmers' willingness to plant and breed, and to strengthen the establishment of green channels and places. we will reduce and abolish various expenses in circulation and sales, and promote various links of agricultural products to reduce costs. In the long run, on the one hand, we should improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products, improve the market regulation and control system of agricultural products and the agricultural subsidy system; on the other hand, we should speed up the construction of a new agricultural management system, develop and strengthen agricultural trade associations and farmers' professional cooperative organizations, and promote farmers to use market-oriented organizational structure to cope with changes in market supply and demand.