Hide grain on the ground and let the farmland recuperate.

Fallow is not to make the land desolate, but to take protective measures to fundamentally improve the level of cultivated land productivity, strengthen the quality protection of cultivated land, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the Central Agricultural Office, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Land and Resources, issued the "pilot Plan for exploring the implementation of cultivated Land rotation and fallow system", proposing to explore the implementation of cultivated land rotation and fallow system in some areas. we will strive to initially establish the organization mode and policy system of cultivated land rotation and fallow in a five-year period. This is not only a major reform task determined by the central government, but also an important measure for our country to actively respond to the pressure of ecological resources, change the mode of agricultural development, and promote sustainable development.

In recent years, China's grain production has increased year after year, and agriculture has developed steadily, but the long-term extensive mode of agricultural development has also made our country face multiple challenges of resources and environment. A series of problems caused by overexploitation of agricultural resources, overuse of agricultural inputs, over-exploitation of groundwater and mutual superposition of agricultural internal and external pollution have become increasingly prominent, which makes ecological restoration and management become the inevitable choice for the sustainable development of agriculture.

Agriculture is based on soil. For the ecological restoration of agriculture, the protection of cultivated land is the most important part. Due to the large population and little land and insufficient resource endowment, the long-term super-intensive utilization of cultivated land, water and other resource elements in our country has greatly consumed the vitality of cultivated land. At present, grain production in most parts of China has two crops a year, while in the south, there are three crops a year. The long-term and high-load operation of the land has affected the sustained, stable and high yield of grain. In addition, the phenomenon of cultivated land degradation and pollution is also expanding year by year, the "recessive loss" of cultivated land in the Northeast Plain is intensified, and the black soil layer rich in organic matter is getting thinner and thinner. Let the overburdened cultivated land recuperate, combine land with land, and promote cultivated land fallow rotation in some areas is imperative.

At present, the time is relatively ripe to promote cultivated land rotation and fallow. At present, there is abundant grain supply in domestic and foreign markets, domestic grain warehousing is increasingly tight, and the financial pressure on grain collection and storage is increasing. Taking advantage of this opportunity to promote cultivated land rotation and fallow can not only protect cultivated land resources, consolidate and enhance grain production capacity, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture, but also help to balance the contradiction between grain supply and demand, stabilize farmers' income and reduce financial pressure.

Technically speaking, China has a long tradition of crop rotation. The necessity of crop rotation was mentioned in the earliest agricultural book Qi Min Yao Shu. Rotation is a choice that conforms to the laws of nature, which can adjust soil physical and chemical properties and improve soil ecology, while fallow farming can protect and enhance soil fertility and enhance the stamina of grain and agricultural development through the combination of land use and land cultivation, so as to realize the real "storing grain in the ground". In addition, cultivated land rotation and fallow is also conducive to promoting agricultural supply-side structural reform, adjusting and optimizing planting structure, increasing the supply of scarce agricultural products, meeting diversified consumer demand, and comprehensively improving the quality and efficiency of agricultural supply system.

However, the promotion of cultivated land rotation and fallow has a bearing on the feeding of more than 1.3 billion people and must be treated with caution. How to ensure that the pilot project is not out of shape and that the good policy design is really implemented? In order to have a correct understanding of cultivated land rotation and fallow, it is necessary to clarify several principles. The first principle is to "consolidate and enhance production capacity and ensure food security". This pilot project should be carried out on the premise of ensuring national food security and not affecting farmers' income. fallow should not reduce arable land, engage in non-agriculturalization, weaken the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture, and ensure that grain can be produced and supplied in times of emergency. Fallow is not to make the land desolate, but to take protective measures to adhere to the red line of cultivated land protection, improve the quality of cultivated land, and ensure basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute safety of food rations.

Second, we should fully respect the wishes of farmers and not let their interests suffer losses. This pilot project has strengthened policy support, established an interest compensation mechanism, and given necessary subsidies to farmers who undertake the task of crop rotation and fallow, so as to ensure that the income of pilot farmers will not be affected. At the same time, farmers are encouraged to be market-oriented, adjust and optimize the planting structure, and broaden the channels for increasing employment and income. In the light of the actual situation in various regions, we should give full play to the subjective initiative of the peasants and refrain from coercive orders or an across-the-board approach.

To promote arable land rotation and fallow, in addition to the pilot more than 6 million mu of arable land, our eyes should also be projected on the wider fields. Only by fundamentally improving the level of cultivated land productivity, strengthening the quality protection of cultivated land, speeding up the construction of high-standard farmland, and truly implementing the strategy of "storing grain in the land" and "storing grain in technology", can we promote the sustainable development of agriculture.