New Progress in Agricultural supply-side Reform from Autumn Harvest

At present, the national autumn harvest has passed halfway. In the first autumn harvest season of the 13th five-year Plan, with the steady progress of agricultural supply-side structural reform, changes are quietly taking place in the vast fields.

Structural adjustment helps to increase income

On the autumn day of Aohan Banner in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, when the millet was finished, Wang Yuemei smiled. The person in charge of the Huiping miscellaneous grain farmers' cooperative told the reporter: "this year, millet can earn about 1000 yuan more per mu than corn."

In the past two years, Aohan Banner has actively adjusted its planting structure and vigorously developed the industry chain of planting, processing and marketing of miscellaneous grains dominated by millet. Wang Yuemei said that under the guidance of the flag government, the cooperative led 520 farmers to reduce their corn acreage to 1500 mu this year, while increasing the acreage of millet, mung bean, black bean, sorghum and sugar beet to 3900 mu.

"now, timely adjustment of the planting structure has played an important role in ensuring the increase of farmers' income." Wang Yuemei broke her finger and calculated an account for the reporter: "Golden Seedling" millet is more than two yuan higher than corn per jin, and mung beans per jin is more than 5 yuan higher than corn.

This is a microcosm of adjusting and optimizing the planting structure in our country. Since the beginning of this year, remarkable results have been achieved in agricultural restructuring, mainly reflected in the substantial reduction in the area of corn with large stocks. Judging from the agricultural situation dispatching of the Ministry of Agriculture, it is estimated that the area of corn across the country will be reduced by 30 million mu this year.

A responsible person of the Ministry of Agriculture said that the reduced corn area was converted to high-quality protein soybeans, miscellaneous grains and beans, potatoes, silage corn, high-quality forage grass and other crops with market demand. It is estimated that this year, the area of soybean will increase by more than 9 million mu, the area of miscellaneous grains and beans will increase by more than 7 million mu, and the area of forage grass and silage corn will increase by more than 6 million mu.

The reform of collecting and saving encounters "throes"

This year, the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous region have adjusted the temporary corn collection and storage policy to a new mechanism of "market-oriented acquisition" and "subsidy". The reform of corn collection and storage system is an uphill battle in the structural reform on the agricultural supply side.

Compared with previous years, the biggest change in this year's autumn grain market caused by market-oriented acquisitions is the sharp plunge in corn prices. The reporter investigated and learned that the purchase prices of northeast deep processing enterprises have dropped sharply this year compared with the same period last year, and most corn growers are worried about losing money.

"this year, we have transferred 2000 mu of land, planted all corn, and borrowed a loan during spring ploughing. Originally expected autumn grain to come down to fight a turnaround, who knows a storm corn fell half, corn prices also fell sharply. " Zhou Guicai, a big grain grower in Beixiangyang Village, Tangyuan County, Heilongjiang Province, said that the more than 200,000 yuan he earned last year will have to be lost this year, and now he is most worried about whether the loan can be repaid.

At the same time, the reporter found in the investigation that the main body of market-oriented acquisition did not dare to buy corn rashly, and most of them held a wait-and-see attitude. A number of grain purchasing enterprises in Heilongjiang Province said that the current degree of marketization is not enough, worried that there is no market for the corn harvested, and dare not easily buy a large number of corn.

On the other hand, in the early stage of purchase and sale, the phenomenon of farmers'"urgent sale" and "cherish sale" coexisted. Zhang Zhaobo, deputy director of the grain bureau of Hegang City in Heilongjiang Province, said that farmers under pressure to repay their loans have to sell as soon as possible. And farmers without loan repayment pressure may have a wait-and-see mentality in the early stage because the price is too low.

Industry insiders said that the marketization of corn prices can be achieved by playing the role of price regulation, encouraging multiple subjects to enter the market and activating the enthusiasm of market subjects, which is conducive to the long-term interests of food and agriculture, but there is also a certain period of labor pains.

Find a way to meet the change

In the face of the new situation in the purchase and sale of autumn grain, some farmers take the initiative to find a way out. Wu Lining, who lives in Boluochi Town, Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province, told reporters that although the decline in corn prices this year exceeded his expectations, he was psychologically prepared for price reduction as early as the beginning of the year when he learned that the state had changed its temporary storage policy to market-oriented acquisition.

To this end, Wu Li-ning made two preparations. First of all, changing the form of land transfer from last year's capital contract to this year's absorption of shares will not only remove the financial pressure of land transfer, but also share the benefits and risks of autumn harvest with others. Second, during spring ploughing, following the advice of the Agricultural Economic Bureau, we took the initiative to reduce the proportion of corn planting. Corn accounts for a small part, mainly growing sorghum, and a small amount of land is used for growing vegetables and animal husbandry.

"I raise my own pigs, and I can basically digest corn. I signed a purchase agreement with a winery before I planted sorghum, so my income is good this year." Wu Li-ning said.

In the process of planting structure adjustment, Lanxi County, Heilongjiang Province, is affected by the introduction of vegetable processing enterprises to increase the planting area of melons and vegetables and increase farmers' income. In the planting base of Dong Wei, a big spring onion in Lincheng Village, Lanxi County, green onions have been harvested and will be directly supplied to the Harbin market to achieve considerable income.

In order to prevent farmers from having difficulties in selling grain, relevant departments and localities have also taken measures to actively deal with it. Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission, the State Grain Administration and other departments jointly issued a circular calling for a good job in corn procurement in Northeast China this year. We will actively guide diversified market players to carry out market-oriented acquisitions. Encourage the processing and transformation of enterprises, support qualified enterprises to extend the industrial chain, vigorously develop deep processing, and promote the coordinated development of the upstream and downstream of the corn industry. Heilongjiang and other places strengthen communication and coordination with large backbone grain enterprises, and guide corn processing enterprises and feed production enterprises to enter the market as soon as possible to purchase more processed grain sources.