"sterilization" land performs "rock candy fairy tale"

On November 8, Xu Jianli happily received reporters at Daxinfeng Orchard, a demonstration base of modern agricultural technology in Cuicun Town, Changping District, Beijing. Old Xu's "Xu Jianli Orchard" is now doing very well with Apple. It can sell for 10 yuan per jin, with an annual income of one million yuan.

But four years ago, he was not so arrogant at all. "at that time, Japanese experts said that my orchard was a 'continuous cropping obstacle' and could only be scrapped." Remembering the scene at that time, Xu Jianli still looked depressed.

However, a year later, when the Japanese expert walked into the "Xu Jianli Orchard" again, he was stunned by the scene, which academically thought could not be reversed in this small orchard. This piece of "taboo", which was once recognized by him, has produced a high-quality "ice sugar heart" red Fuji apple.

? What led to the rebirth of Guidi?

Land sentenced to "death penalty"

In 2012, Japanese fruit tree expert Narita Shu-min was invited to the "Xu Jianli Orchard". The orchard had been planted for nearly 30 years at that time, and the variety was dominated by the traditional Red Fuji.

With the increase of the age of the tree, the yield and quality of the fruit are declining rapidly, and many people suggest cutting down trees, but Xu Jianli wants to continue to grow apples in place.

"the biggest worry about the renewal and renovation of the old orchard is to cut down trees. If we cut down the trees and then plant them, they will be young and old for three to five years in a row, and we fruit farmers have almost no income. In addition, if the way and method of planting is not proper, all the young seedlings that will not grow up will grow up. "

At that time, Xu Jianli was in a dilemma. After seeing the orchard, Narita decided that it was a "taboo land". He said that the nutrients in the soil of the garden had been exhausted and the quality of the apples would continue to decline. It is difficult to renew and replant old trees, but it is almost impossible to plant apples.

The taboo phenomenon mentioned by Narita refers to the phenomenon of poor growth and development of plants during continuous cropping cultivation, which is also called continuous cropping obstacle, replantation disease or replantation problem. When taboo occurs, plants are often characterized by short plants, weak growth, reduced resistance, or even death, as well as low survival rate, low yield, or even no yield in the field. Taboo phenomenon is very common, the occurrence of a wide range of areas, almost all planting areas can be encountered, the current facility vegetables and old orchard taboo phenomenon is more prominent.

? Chinese resurrection

In fact, "Xu Jianli Orchard" is only a microcosm of the problem of continuous cropping obstacles in China.

The so-called continuous cropping refers to the continuous planting of the same crop (or the same family crop) in the same field. After continuous cropping of the same crop or related crops, even under normal management, the yield will decrease, the quality will become worse, and the growth status will become worse, which is called continuous cropping obstacle.

According to a recent article in China Agricultural Science, the area of highly harmful continuous cropping plots in China is more than 10%. Among them, the area of large-scale planting area is generally more than 20%. Continuous cropping obstacles led to huge losses of crops in the current season, resulting in serious almost no-yield.

For this problem, foreign solutions are mostly crop rotation, giving the land a rest, or changing to other crops that require different soils. However, this is not suitable for China, where the population is large, the demand for food is huge, and arable land is increasingly scarce.

After Narita Shu Min left, Xu Jianli fell silent. Unreconciled, he finally embraced the idea of a dead horse as a living doctor, and his son began to look around for relevant domestic enterprises. He believes that technology may be able to find a way.

In 2013, they found Zhongyuan (Beijing) Green Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. Zhongyuan will accomplish two tasks in the "Xu Jianli Orchard": one is to improve the quality of the fruit, that is, to grow "ice candy heart" apples, and the other is to renew and replant the old orchard.

Lu Sen, director of the soil improvement Technology Research Institute of Zhongyuan (Beijing), explained the steps of soil remediation in this orchard:

First of all, organic matter such as organic fertilizer straw, beneficial microbial combination bacteria rich in non-leguminous nitrogen-fixing bacteria and natural mineral fertilizers were used to solve the problems of crop carbon hunger.

Secondly, adding medium and micronutrient elements to create a good soil environment for crops, and provide carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and other beneficial elements to meet the needs of crops, so as to lay a material foundation for high yield of crops.

In the whole process of crop growth, the secondary metabolic pathway of crops is continuously opened, so that crops have immunity in the early growth stage, so that all organs of crops can produce allelochemicals resistant to diseases, insect pests, weeds and disastrous weather, and at the same time improve the quality and flavor of agricultural products. finally achieve the goal of high yield and high quality.

"this is the Zhongyuan model, a 'soil remediation and improvement technology' system that we have established with ecosystem regulation as the core." Luthor said.

? Save more land.

Now, because the fruit tastes sweet, Xu Jianli's apples are very popular. In fact, not only the "Xu Jianli Orchard" has been reborn, but also many crop continuous cropping obstacles have been solved after the application of the Zhongyuan model.

Liang Mingzao, an associate researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the main advantages of the Zhongyuan model are the exemption of urea and phosphate fertilizer, the use of straw, organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial fertilizer and natural mineral fertilizer as the means of production, and the use of chemical pesticides. Zero pollution to the environment, continuous field management of crops; crops do not get disease, do not attract insects, have strong resistance, and can resist disaster weather.

Recently, the Scientific and technological Innovation Strategic Alliance of China's fruit wine industry is doing relevant research on how to ensure the safety and quality of fruit wine raw materials, that is, fruit products. Liu Xiaoqin, secretary-general of the alliance, was impressed when investigating the Zhongyuan model. The model can also passivate heavy metals in soil and solve the problem of heavy metal pollution in soil.

From 2007 to 2010, Zhongyuan Company cooperated with Nanjing Institute of soil of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the experiment proved that Zhongyuan technology had the effect of passivating heavy metals in situ. Recommended by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2013, Zhongyuan Company solved the problem of excessive heavy metal at the export of 40-60-year-old Dangshan pear for Anhui Dangshan Science and Technology Bureau, and the effect of in-situ passivation test was remarkable.

On November 17, Lusen rushed to the 20-year-old peach orchard in Pinggu District of Beijing to replant. He hopes that this time the rescue effect will be further than that of Xu Jianli orchard, and the organic matter of the soil can be improved to 5% at once. Author: Ma Aiping

?-related links