New progress has been made in tackling key problems of four major crop varieties in China.

A few days ago, it was learned from the Ministry of Agriculture that China has made remarkable achievements in carrying out major scientific research on improved varieties of four major crops for two years. In particular, the two major crops of corn and soybean, which were carried out in advance, have been cultivated and screened out a number of breakthrough new varieties.

For a long time, mechanized harvesting of corn in China can only stay in the stage of "harvesting", and can not achieve direct "harvesting", which discounts the level of mechanization in the whole process; wheat scab has occurred seriously in recent years, resulting in heavy losses and so on. In order to solve these problems, the joint tackling of improved varieties is guided by production demand, and the main goal is established. Among the four major crops, corn will focus on mechanically harvested grain varieties, soybean will aim at high-yield and high-protein varieties, wheat will initially focus on breeding varieties resistant to scab, and rice will focus on the breeding of light, simple, high-efficiency, high-quality and safe varieties.

At present, corn and soybeans have made breakthroughs after two years of tackling key problems. Corn has been cultivated and selected varieties suitable for mechanized grain harvesting. On the basis of the joint research work in 2015, we will continue to arrange experiments on suitable grain harvesting maize varieties in the main corn producing areas of Northeast China and Huang-Huai-Hai this year. Among them, 11 varieties that have completed regional trials and production test procedures have good comprehensive characters. The grain water content at harvest is 25%, 28%, and the lodging resistance is strong, which meets the requirements of grain harvesting varieties and is expected to be approved early next year. In soybean variety breeding, soybean key research consortium continued to carry out large-scale demonstration of emerging varieties in the main producing areas of Huang-Huai-Hai, Northeast and Northwest, combined with green high-yield and high-efficiency technology of soybean. a number of new soybean varieties with good comprehensive characters and a yield of more than 200 kg per mu were selected. among them, Jiyu 86 produced 400 kg per mu at the Experimental Station of the Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, and Jidou 17 produced 352 kg per mu in Dabai Township, Hengshui, Hebei Province.

At the same time, a number of excellent germplasm resources and inbred lines were identified and excavated, including disease resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance and nitrogen efficient utilization of maize germplasm resources, 22 new inbred lines and 174DH lines were selected. The disease and insect resistance of 912 wheat breeding materials were identified in 12 experimental sites, and 4 new germplasms with medium resistance to scab were screened out, and the new germplasm selected by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from the progenies of distant hybridization between wheat and wheatgrass showed outstanding resistance and high yield. (reporter Jiang Na)