Fulvic acid: there are really "golden bumps" in the straw.

A shoddy chemical fertilizer advertisement made the word "Jinkuo" a special word in the funny world overnight, but it really exists in the field of biomass utilization. This is fulvic acid.

? The straw is always burned.

Before talking about fulvic acid, we should first talk about one of its carriers-straw.

China is a large agricultural country, with an annual straw output of 800 million tons, but our rural straw resources are completely in the situation of high consumption, high pollution and low output. Straw waste and burning has always been an urgent problem to be solved in our country.

Straw burning makes the ground temperature rise sharply, which can directly burn and burn the beneficial microorganisms in the soil, affect the full absorption of soil nutrients by crops, destroy the soil structure, directly affect the yield and quality of crops, and cause air pollution, forming haze. At the same time, the straw is disorderly stacked and discarded at will, entering the water body, causing eutrophication and polluting the water source. " Said Hu Shuwen, a professor in the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University.

There are many reasons why straw burning has been banned repeatedly. For example, the improvement of living standards reduces farmers' demand for firewood and grass, and the cost of straw treatment is too high, so it is difficult to give full play to the economic value of straw. Lack of correct guidance, etc.

But the most important thing is the lack of disposal technology. Farmers can not find the way to "turn waste into treasure".

The baby was dug up in the hay

For the utilization of straw, countries around the world have carried out unremitting research, including fulvic acid extraction.

Fulvic acid is a grayish-black powdery substance soluble in water. It is a kind of plant growth regulator, which can promote plant growth, play an important role in drought resistance, improve plant stress resistance, increase yield and improve quality.

Fulvic acid potassium fertilizer can also activate consolidated soil, improve soil aggregate structure, loosen soil, improve soil water and fertilizer conservation capacity, adjust pH value, reduce the content of heavy metals in soil, and reduce the harm of salt ions to seeds and seedlings.

At present, fulvic acid is used as a biological stimulating hormone in Europe, which ranks first in the world; in Asia, the fertilizer legislation of Japan in the 1960s stipulates that fertilizer must contain fulvic acid; some countries in Southeast Asia use fulvic acid as fertilizer and feed additive.

The Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance of the people's Republic of China have defined fulvic acid as "plant growth active agent," which belongs to a class of humic acid with small molecular weight in the Circular on the publication of China Hi-Tech products catalogue 2006. Fulvic acid contains ≥ 8%, pH ≤ 5.5, arsenic ≤ 0.002%, cadmium ≤ 0.002%, lead ≤ 0.01%, which are used as growth promoters, fertilizer enhancers, pesticide synergistic and attenuating agents, and soil improvers. "

Veteran comrades get Xintiandi

As a cross-century application of "veteran comrades" in China's agricultural production, fulvic acid has already shown five functions: "increasing chemical fertilizer, improving soil, enhancing stress resistance, improving quality, and stimulating growth". Restricted by the large population and little land, excessive fertilization, non-point source pollution and soil fertility degradation have become the shortcomings of modern agricultural development in China in recent years. With the advocacy of "storing grain in the land and technology", as well as policies such as zero growth of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and "Ten articles of soil" have been issued one after another, practical actions to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution and enhance soil productivity have provided a broad stage for the development of new functions of fulvic acid.

The new comprehensive utilization mode of straw in Shandong Quanlin Group provides a green and efficient circulation chain for scientific fertilization and straw treatment.

The key innovation of Quanlin 'clean straw pulping and waste liquid fertilizer resource utilization technology' is the new material preparation, vertical continuous steaming, mechanical hydrolysis + oxygen delignification and straw lignin to produce fulvic acid fertilizer. The most important thing is to extract fulvic acid. " Song Yujie said.

At present, Quanlin Group is the only enterprise in the world to extract fulvic acid from straw. According to the infrared spectrum analysis of Taiyuan humic acid quality testing center of China Humic Acid Industry Association, the fulvic acid produced by "Quanlin" technology belongs to the same kind of substance as coal humic acid and fulvic acid, and the quality inspection report shows that the content of fulvic acid in Quanlin fulvic acid solution is as high as 20%, and other indicators are also better than the quality standard requirements of fulvic acid in the above "China High-tech Product Catalog". Because the industrialization of technological achievements has achieved remarkable results, especially fulvic acid plays a significant role in promoting agricultural development, Quanlin Group won the "second prize of national technological invention" in 2012.

According to statistics, if straw refined fulvic acid fertilizer is applied continuously for 3-5 years, the amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced by 20% 50%; the amount of pesticide can be reduced by more than 30%; and the soil fertility grade can be improved by more than 0.5 grades.

The new model allows farmers to make more money.

Since the enterprise set up a technical research group in 1998 and initially established the straw comprehensive utilization industry in 2002, Quanlin's straw processing and utilization technology has been in industrial operation for 14 years, which has basically formed a brand-new model for the development of circular economy in China's paper industry.

This model is composed of several sub-chains of circular economy, such as pulping and papermaking production chain, waste resource utilization cycle chain, waste water treatment and reuse cycle chain and waste ammonia recycling chain, which are mutually supported and composed of cellulose and hemicellulose in straw for pulping and papermaking. the resource utilization of agricultural residues was realized. Lignin, xylitol, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other organic matter in the pulping process are converted into fulvic acid fertilizers by evaporation concentration, spray granulation, leaf, ear and other waste residue are used to produce organic matrix through fermentation, realizing the comprehensive utilization of waste and "straw returning to the field". Industrial waste ammonia liquid can be used for boiler flue gas desulphurization, and the resulting ammonium sulfite can be used as chemical raw material for pulping. All the white water of the paper machine is recycled and reused for production; most of the middle water is reused for production after advanced treatment, and the rest is discharged up to the standard.

Song Yujie calculated an account for the reporter. Taking a single project year using 3 million tons of straw to produce fulvic acid fertilizer, pulp paper, ethanol and other cellulose products as an example, the project can achieve an annual output value of 12.5 billion yuan and create nearly 6000 direct jobs. At the same time, enterprises directly increase local income by 1.5 billion yuan through straw collection and storage business, driving 10,000 farmers to start their own businesses and become rich. (reporter Ma Aiping)