There are strange ways to select and breed fruits and vegetables with high sweetness.

????? "More heart" strawberry,"nebula" sweet pepper,"Zengda apple", these fruit and vegetable varieties are very sweet! Sweet! Sweet! Say important things three times! Fruits and vegetables with a sugar content of more than 10° are high in sugar (the international export standard sugar content of apples is 12.5°). At present, high-sugar fruit and vegetable varieties have received more and more attention, thus invisibly enhancing the soft power of varieties. Therefore, there is a new domestic strawberry variety "Yuexin" with sugar content of 12.4°, sweet pepper "Nebula" with sugar content of 11.6°, and apple with sugar content of 16°.

Sugar: The soluble solids content in fruit and vegetable juice is proportional to the refractive index under certain conditions (the same temperature and pressure), so the refractive index of fruit and vegetable juice can be determined to obtain the concentration of fruit and vegetable juice (how much sugar content).

Brix meter: Instrument used to rapidly determine the concentration or refractive index of sugary and other non-sugary solutions.

12.4°

"More heart" strawberries are really sweet

From the initial acclimatization to the adoption of greenhouse cultivation, strawberries in Zhejiang spring is officially opened. Counting the time, it was only over 20 years. Now,"Zhejiang strawberry" fame, can inventory, who has been dominating Zhejiang strawberry greenhouse? Only to discover that many of them are imported from abroad. Among them, there are the "Fengxiang" strawberries mainly planted in the 1990s, and now they belong to the "red cheeks" and "Zhangji", which account for nearly 90% of the market share.

"Red cheek" and "Zhang Ji" introduced from Japan, appearance, taste, early maturity are excellent, the only deficiency is poor disease resistance. However, now, with the emergence of the "Yue Xin" variety, not only the previous characteristics have been retained, but also the resistance to diseases and pests has been significantly improved compared with the two main varieties.

What is commendable is that "Yuexin" is completely selected by the Horticulture Institute of Zhejiang Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which means that the appearance of this native variety is expected to rewrite the pattern that Zhejiang strawberry stage has been dominated by foreign varieties. Why is "Yue Xin" so outstanding? In the strawberry expert, the horticulture institute deputy director Jiang Guihua researcher view, the key still has to rely on strength to speak.

Jiang Guihua told reporters, In the "Yue Xin" Strawberry breeding process, A change in the past hybrid combination configuration mode, Consciously selected European and American varieties and Japanese varieties hybrid breeding as female parent, And then with Japanese varieties for hybridization, The purpose is not only to maintain disease resistance, But also to improve fruit flavor.

The hybrid seeds need to be seeded, which is superior or inferior depends on the comprehensive performance, only the most outstanding can become the superior plant, enter the next round of seed selection. After five passes and six generals, breeding experts were pleasantly surprised to find that the two excellent plants finally selected through layer upon layer were very eye-catching in their character performance: good early maturity, high yield, high sugar content and strong flavor, which reached the expected breeding goal and were determined as excellent lines. In 2008, the initial selection of this variety was successful.

"In the subsequent characteristic verification test, variety characteristic and cultivation test, as well as the variety adaptability test carried out in Jiande and other places, the advantage of 'Yuexin' is more prominent than that of 'Hongcheek'." Jiang Guihua said.

Reporters have been in Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Haining Yangdu base, tasted "more heart" strawberries, its appearance light pink, taste really sweet, and soft and juicy. According to the data of the professional testing institution of the Ministry of Agriculture, the total sugar content of the fruit reached 12.4°, and the sugar content was the highest among all the tested varieties; the results of previous comparative experiments also showed that from December to February of the next year, the soluble solids content of "Yuexin" strawberry was the highest, averaging 12.7%~14.2%, among which February was the highest, reaching 17.8%.

It is understood that fruit flavor evaluation is mainly through tasting, specific digitization includes total sugar content, acid content and sugar-acid ratio, high-quality strawberries often eat sweet, slightly sour, rich flavor. How to detect sweetness? For convenience of measurement, it is usually based on the content of soluble solids, including sugar, acid and minerals, among which sugar accounts for the majority. Generally speaking, the higher the content, the sweeter it is.

Jiang Guihua introduced, Through the comparison test found, Not only in the taste,"More heart" One step ahead, And in the resistance to diseases and insect pests have outstanding performance, Its resistance to anthracnose, Grey mold and aphid is obviously better than "Red cheek" and "Zhangji", Seedling easy, Survival rate is high, Less medicine. In the 2014 "Zhejiang Agricultural Guinness" Strawberry Challenge Competition,"Yue Xin" also won the first prize with the fruit soluble solids content of 15.6%, and it was amazing when it appeared for the first time.

However, the name "excellent student" also has shortcomings, fruit skin is thin, not resistant to long-distance transportation. Therefore,"more heart" strawberries are more suitable for suburban close-up sales and sightseeing picking. At present,"Yuexin" strawberry has been listed as the leading variety of Zhejiang Province Agriculture Department in 2016, not only in Zhejiang Province, but also in Sichuan, Hunan, Shanghai, Beijing and other strawberry main producing areas, but also absolutely a new favorite. (Reporter Zhu Haiyang)

11.6°

"Nebula" positioning: sweet pepper to eat as fruit