Farmers in the suburbs of Beijing use improved varieties of high-quality wheat

? in ord to solve that problems of degeneration of main wheat variety in Beijing suburb, serious variety mixing in production fields and stagnate yield, Beijing City seed management station has carried out "wheat variety renewal project" in recent years, and actively carried out various work from introduction and screening of new wheat varieties, demonstration, breeding of improved varieties, publicity and popularization, etc.

According to the demand of wheat production in Beijing City, the principle of "giving consideration to high-yield varieties and high-quality varieties, high-water-fertilizer varieties and water-saving varieties" shall be adhered to in the introduction work, and the newly bred new wheat varieties of various types shall be actively introduced. These varieties mainly come from agricultural research institutes and universities in Beijing such as Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and China Agricultural University, as well as seed enterprises in Beijing and breeding units in other provinces, representing the most advanced wheat breeding level in Beijing and even northern winter wheat areas.

For introduced varieties, the station carried out multi-year, multi-point regional tests to fully identify the excellent characters of new varieties. In order to improve the accuracy of the test results and ensure the safety and reliability of the screened varieties in production and application, the municipal seed management station has done scientific design, scientific operation, scientific analysis and scientific management in the test.

In order to speed up the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the project team actively carried out the exhibition of new varieties. The varieties displayed not only include the leading varieties of this wheat variety renewal, but also the varieties newly approved by the state and Beijing City and the emerging varieties in the regional test. In addition to the test and exhibition bases of seed management stations in Tongzhou, Fangshan, Daxing and Shunyi wheat producing areas, the exhibition sites are also arranged in the test base of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the test and exhibition base of crop varieties in Beijing City with large visitor flow. The exhibition of new varieties not only sets up a platform for breeding units to display achievements fairly and impartially, but also sets up a platform for enterprises and farmers to independently select excellent varieties, speeding up the transformation speed of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.

Breeding sufficient high-quality wheat varieties is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of wheat variety upgrading. During the implementation of the project, measures such as "reasonable arrangement of seed multiplication quantity, strict standardization of seed production technology and strengthening seed quality control" were adopted to ensure the high quality and sufficient supply of wheat varieties in Beijing suburbs. Beijing City Seed Management Station formulates the wheat breeding plan of the whole city according to the wheat production area and the operation situation of seed enterprises in each district, and carries out task decomposition, implements the seed field area and ensures the wheat seed production quantity.

Through the implementation of the project, a batch of new wheat varieties have been screened and popularized, forming a new pattern with high and stable yield varieties such as "Zhongmai 175","Nongda 211","Jing 9843" and "Lunxuan 987" as the main planting varieties, water-saving varieties such as "Nongda 212","Nongda 3432" and "Zhongmai 12" as the main matching varieties, and high-quality varieties such as "Zhongyou 206","Jinghua 9" and "Yannong 19" as the main matching varieties, realizing the upgrading of wheat varieties in Beijing suburbs. The distribution of wheat varieties in Beijing suburbs was optimized.

Through the implementation of the project, wheat production has completely replaced new varieties with quality standards, improved the purity of wheat production fields, solved the problems of mixed wheat production varieties in Beijing City in recent years, beautified the farmland landscape of Beijing City, and has important significance for promoting the development of urban agriculture.

During the project implementation period, the project team strengthened the breeding of improved varieties, realized the export of seeds on the basis of ensuring the seeds for wheat production in Beijing City, and ensured the quality of seeds for export by strengthening supervision, improved the reputation of seed enterprises in Beijing City, promoted the development of wheat seed industry in Beijing City, and laid a foundation for building a seed capital.