Science and technology "good prescription" to turn straw into treasure to solve the problem of pollution

??? In summer and autumn, the burning of straw after harvest has become an important source of haze pollution. Chen Wenfu, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and professor of Shenyang Agricultural University, led his team to develop a small movable combined "carbonization furnace" to carbonize straw back to the field, which not only increased crop production, but also effectively solved the pollution problem and turned straw waste into treasure.

Recently, the reporter saw in Jinhefu Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, that after corn straw was cut and carbonized, it was turned into black carbonized fertilizer, bagged, loaded and transported to the local fertilizer sales outlets. This enterprise is a doctoral workstation of Shenyang Agricultural University, which can produce 100 tons of carbon-based fertilizer every day, including corn fertilizer, peanut fertilizer and so on.

"after farmers harvest their crops, the straw can be sold for money, and the use of biological carbon fertilizer can increase production and kill two birds with one stone." Chen Wenfu said that Shenyang Agricultural University has established the first biochar engineering and technology research and development center in the province, four pilot areas have been established in Faku, Zhangwu, Xiuyan and Liaozhong, and carbon-based products have been demonstrated in many places.

Chen Wenfu said that in the past, the equipment for making carbon from straw was relatively large, which required a lot of infrastructure investment. Because of the high cost of straw transportation, it was difficult to collect and deal with it centrally. Now this equipment has been successfully developed and changed from "centralized carbon production" to "decentralized carbon production", which has solved this problem. In addition, the biochar engineering technology research center uses biochar to develop a variety of carbon-based slow-release fertilizers and soil modifiers for returning to the field, which can increase crop yield by 10% on the basis of reducing nitrogen fertilizer input by 20%.

During the 13th five-year Plan period, Liaoning Province will further improve the utilization rate of straw fertilizer, feed, fuel, base and raw materials, and encourage the development of straw biomass power generation projects. encourage the development of new building materials, plates, packaging materials, ethanol, starch, carbon and other industries with straw as the main raw materials.

Liaoning Province will use 3 years to carry out the construction of straw collection, storage and transportation system. According to the principle of local utilization, we should properly reserve land within a reasonable radius of straw producing areas for the construction of straw collection and storage sites, and promote the effective docking of large straw collection and storage households, straw brokers and straw utilization enterprises. From 2016 to 2018, 100 straw collection and storage sites and 10 straw collection and storage centers have been built in Liaoning Province every year.

(Xinhua News Agency)