"Machine replacement" in Zhejiang

Does Zhejiang agriculture need mechanization? What does Zhejiang agricultural mechanization do? Isn't agricultural mechanization just a few tractors? When it comes to agricultural mechanization in Zhejiang, many people can not help but have the reasoning that "there is no hair on the skin": in Zhejiang, the serious fragmentation of land determines that it is difficult for agricultural mechanization to play its part, and the proportion of agriculture in the province's GDP is shrinking day by day, which means that the future of agricultural mechanization is not a sunny road.

But now, in practice, Zhejiang has rewritten this logic: it is precisely because of the hard progress of agricultural mechanization that the problems such as labor shortage, insufficient scale operation and slow popularization of science and technology have been solved to a large extent, and labor productivity has been greatly improved. Zhejiang's agricultural modernization has been able to break the cocoon into a butterfly and write a brilliant chapter.

Statistics show that at present, the number of agricultural machinery power of 100 mu of arable land in Zhejiang ranks among the top three in the country, the level of rice mechanization is in the forefront of rice producing areas in the south, and the key links of tea production have been basically mechanized. The output value of agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing industry ranks fourth in the country.

Another set of data is: grain production, which has been declining for many years in a row, has basically remained stable in the past 10 years due to the dual power of policy subsidies and agricultural mechanization, while the ten leading industries have shown their own talents, so that Zhejiang farmers can also make a lot of money in agriculture. Per capita net income leads the country for more than 30 years in a row.

In a coastal economically developed area where agricultural development is completely likely to be marginalized, and in a province full of difficulties and challenges in agricultural mechanization, Zhejiang's "agricultural mechanization people" overcome difficulties and are determined to innovate, thus realizing the historic transformation of the mode of agricultural production from human and animal power to mechanization, and a benign relationship of mutual promotion and progress has been formed between mechanization and agricultural modernization.

The fundamental way out of agriculture lies in mechanization.

Zhao Jianyang is the chief expert of the vegetable industry in Zhejiang Province. not long ago, he solemnly handed over more than 100 videos collected to the Provincial Agricultural Machinery Bureau, which are all the most advanced fruit and vegetable agricultural machinery products from abroad. He said that he had been engaged in agricultural technology promotion all his life, and before he was about to retire, the only regret was that compared with foreign countries, compared with other agricultural industries in Zhejiang, the mechanization of the vegetable industry seriously lagged behind.

"every progress of society is the progress of mechanization. Our variety is very good, but without mechanized support, it will be very difficult to scale and industrialize. "

Zhao Jianyang's worry typically illustrates the current situation that it is difficult for agricultural mechanization in various industries to go hand in hand. In fact, from the perspective of agricultural development in Zhejiang, the challenge of agricultural mechanization is far more acute and fierce than he thought.

First of all, there is the expectation of "green" in the hearts of farmers: Zhejiang farmers have always been rich all over the country, and they have new and higher requirements for decent employment, light labor, and increasing income to become rich. In the past, the richest people in the countryside were the labor force, and all the field work could be done through the sea of people; now farmers can work at their doorstep with a stable income and no risk. In comparison, those who stay in rural areas have higher expectations.

The second is the "yellow" light of Zhejiang agriculture: on the one hand, compared with foreign imports, the price of agricultural products in Zhejiang is no longer dominant, on the other hand, labor costs are still rising. Under the double attack, without the support of agricultural mechanization, Zhejiang agriculture is in jeopardy.

Finally, the "red" requirement of development: as early as 2003, Zhejiang put forward the concept of "efficient ecology", but high efficiency means high yield, means extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and means the destruction of the ecological environment; while ecology means strict control of inputs, which means that production and efficiency are likely to decline. How to have both a fish and a bear's paw, agricultural mechanization is undoubtedly a "panacea".

The fundamental way out of Zhejiang agriculture lies in mechanization, but it is not easy. In addition to the highly fragmented land brought about by contracted management, the objective reality of "seven mountains, two rivers and one field" and "less than half an mu of arable land per capita" makes Zhejiang agricultural mechanization even more difficult. For example, the rod sprayer commonly used in the north is very efficient and very popular with users, but it is "dizzy" when it comes to Zhejiang, because there are many mountains in Zhejiang, where there is no water and no road, while the center of gravity of the sprayer is relatively high. To climb the slope and cross the ridge, often before the work, it has already fallen to the ground.

Zhejiang must explore the road of high-quality and efficient agricultural mechanization in line with its own objective reality. Huang Xuming, vice governor, repeatedly appealed on various occasions: "although there are many difficulties, factor constraints and industrial structure determine that Zhejiang must promote agricultural mechanization in order to realize agricultural modernization. This is not only the only way, but also the fundamental way out! "

Li Qiang, governor of Zhejiang Province, who majored in agricultural machinery, has repeatedly stressed that "machine replacement" can not only improve product quality, but also be of great significance to intensive conservation of factor resources, optimization of labor structure, and improvement of product added value and industry competitiveness. it must be promoted in an all-round way in industry, agriculture, commerce and other fields.

Enter a new era of "machine replacement"

The agricultural machinery department used to only take care of tractors, the job is relatively simple. The development of modern agriculture has pushed the "agricultural mechanization" to the foreground. In 2004, Zhejiang judged the hour and sized up the situation, put forward the strategic thinking of "based on large agriculture, developing large agricultural machinery, cultivating large industries and expanding large services", broke the bondage, and began to extend to all fields and links of large agriculture.

"if we talk about the greatest characteristics of promoting agricultural mechanization in Zhejiang, I think it is to use the concept of system, the concept of overall planning, and innovative measures to plan the development of agricultural mechanization and form a large-scale agricultural machinery pattern." Yang Dahai, who has been director of the Zhejiang Agricultural Machinery Bureau for 11 years, said.

Food security is not only a political task, but also the most difficult "hard bone" for Zhejiang agriculture. Therefore, Zhejiang agricultural mechanization first implemented a breakthrough in grain production. We should grasp the key links of transplanting, harvesting and drying, and use mechanization to reduce labor intensity, expand the scale of production, and improve economic benefits, so as to arouse farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain, and the grain production that has been reduced year after year has finally been curbed, and has basically remained stable in the last 10 years.

In this regard, Sun Jian, chief expert in grain and oil from the Department of Agriculture of Zhejiang Province, lamented that for Zhejiang, if there is no mechanization, it is almost a pipe dream to stabilize grain production.

In addition to grain, there are ten leading agricultural industries in Zhejiang, which are developing rapidly and achieving satisfactory benefits, which are characterized by their characteristics and income. At the same time, most of these industries are labor-intensive and have urgent requirements for mechanization. It is particularly difficult to develop and apply. In this regard, around the characteristic industry, Zhejiang has developed, introduced and promoted a large number of suitable facilities and equipment.