Make up the deficiency of irrigation and water conservancy to support the development of modern agriculture

By the end of 2015, a total of 988 million mu of farmland had been effectively irrigated, accounting for about 75 per cent of the country's total grain output and more than 90 per cent of cash crops. Although great achievements have been made in the development of irrigation and water conservancy in China, there is still a large gap compared with the requirements of developing modern agriculture and ensuring national food security and supporting farmers' income. there are still some problems, such as insufficient irrigation and drainage facilities, non-matching, aging and disrepair, low standards and so on, the disconnection of project construction and management, backward management means, and the lag of irrigation and water conservancy construction is still the biggest constraint to the stable development of agriculture and national food security.

The primary task of modern agriculture is to ensure national food security, and irrigation and drainage engineering is the most important infrastructure. Good irrigation and drainage infrastructure is a necessary condition to resist natural disasters, greatly reduce agricultural costs and improve agricultural production efficiency. Irrigation and drainage freely can meet the requirements of crop diversification, especially the planting of high value-added crops, meet the requirements of improving crop multiple cropping index, and there is more room for manoeuvre in the adjustment of agricultural structure. To implement the National Agricultural Modernization Plan (2016-2020), it is necessary to promote the construction of irrigation and water conservancy on a large scale in accordance with the central water conservancy work policy of "giving priority to water conservation, spatial balance, systematic governance and two-handed efforts" in the new period. we will speed up the modernization of irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure and the reform of management system and mechanism, and strive to build an irrigation and water conservancy support system with good engineering, efficient water use, sound system and flexible mechanism. Make up for the shortcomings of modern agricultural development.

Speed up the construction of a complete irrigation and drainage engineering system. By 2020, the tasks of continuing construction and water-saving transformation of large and key medium-sized irrigation districts should be basically completed, and the modernization of large and medium-sized irrigation districts should be carried out. In connection with the implementation of the national plan to increase the production capacity of 100 billion jin of grain, a number of new irrigation areas will be built in areas with conditions for soil and water resources, and the effective irrigated area of farmland will be increased by about 30 million mu. We will complete the renovation of large and medium-sized irrigation and drainage pumping stations, strengthen the treatment of areas with serious waterlogging disasters, and improve the irrigation and drainage system. We will strengthen the matching of field projects in large and medium-sized irrigation areas and promote the construction of high-standard farmland for ensuring harvest by drought and waterlogging. We will speed up the construction of small and medium-sized farmland water conservancy projects and, in combination with poverty alleviation, give priority to supporting the construction of "five small water conservancy" projects in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas, such as small water cellars, small pools, small ponds, small pumping stations, and small canals; in combination with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, we will strengthen the construction of water source projects and improve irrigation and drainage conditions.

Great efforts will be made to develop efficient and water-saving irrigation. In the past 20 years, under the condition that the total amount of irrigation water has not increased basically, the effective irrigation area has increased by 230 million mu, and the irrigation guarantee rate has increased significantly, mainly relying on water-saving transformation of irrigation areas and large-scale development of water-saving irrigation. In the next few years, new irrigation water will be needed to appropriately increase the effective irrigation area and improve the irrigation guarantee rate, so as to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and meet the requirements of crop planting structure adjustment and multiple cropping index. While speeding up the pace of water-saving transformation of irrigation and drainage facilities in large and medium-sized irrigation districts, appropriate water-saving irrigation techniques and measures should be adopted according to local conditions, in areas with shortage of water resources, ecologically fragile areas and major grain producing areas, focus on large-scale promotion of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technology. The northwest and hilly areas should combine poverty alleviation and develop small and micro water-saving irrigation systems in line with local conditions. During the 13th five-year Plan period, it is necessary to increase the area of water-saving irrigation projects by 140 million mu, including 100 million mu of high-efficiency and water-saving irrigation; the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water will be increased to more than 0.55, and the total amount of farmland irrigation water should be controlled within 372 billion cubic meters. By vigorously developing efficient water-saving irrigation technologies such as sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation, we can significantly improve labor productivity and promote the management of "integration of water, fertilizer and medicine", so as to provide strong support for promoting appropriate scale operation of agriculture and promoting agricultural supply-side reform.

Deepen the reform of the management system of irrigation and water conservancy. We will actively expand investment channels for irrigation and water conservancy and establish a diversified investment mechanism for irrigation and water conservancy. We will vigorously promote the reform of the property right system of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities, and earnestly implement the main body of management and management and protection measures. We will deepen the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices, combine engineering transformation, management system reform and water price reform, build mechanisms first and then build projects, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of village groups and farmers' water use cooperative organizations. We will strengthen the capacity-building of farmers' water-use cooperative organizations and encourage them to unite or integrate with farmers' specialized cooperatives. Strengthen the construction of professional management team, strive to improve the management level, and meet the requirements of water conservancy project management in the development of agricultural modernization as soon as possible. Establish a working mechanism of benign interaction between water conservancy and agriculture, an incentive mechanism for efficient water use, cultivate planting experts and farmers' water use cooperation organizations to become scientific and technological leaders in the promotion of water-saving irrigation technology. We will strengthen the scientific management of irrigation water use, strictly control the total amount and quota management of irrigation water resources, gradually improve the measurement system of irrigation water use, strengthen the monitoring capacity of irrigation water consumption and irrigation water quality, and promote the sustainable utilization of water resources. ensure the development of agricultural modernization.