Suggestions on perfecting the scrapping and renewal policy of agricultural machinery

In 2015, Hubei Province was included in the pilot provinces of agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal subsidies, and 64 counties and cities were selected for pilot projects. In 2016, Hubei Province revised and improved the agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal policy, and fully spread it throughout the province. By November of this year, 9529 agricultural machinery had been scrapped in the province, accounting for 0.68% of tractors and combine harvesters and 1.7% of the total number of tractors and harvesters that had reached the end of life. Among them, 1223 tractors accounted for 12.83% of the scrapped machines, and 8306 combine harvesters accounted for 87.17% of the scrapped machines.

Five barriers restrict the smooth progress of policies

Through two years of pilot projects in Hubei Province, we feel that there are still some restrictive factors in promoting the work of agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal subsidies, which can be summarized as follows.

Scrap and update binding, not conducive to agricultural equipment adjustment. There are differences between scrapping and renewal in policy purposes. Encouraging scrapping is to save energy and reduce consumption, reduce hidden dangers of agricultural machinery accidents, and promote structural reform on the supply side of agricultural mechanization. The encouragement of renewal is to optimize the structure of agricultural machinery equipment and promote the upgrading of agricultural machinery equipment. The current policy is that scrapping and renewal must be carried out at the same time to obtain subsidies, which includes two meanings: one is that farmers should have agricultural machinery with scrapping conditions; the other is to have the demand, conditions and ability to purchase new machines, and then they can apply for agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal subsidies. In fact, with the promotion of land circulation and the wide implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, the main body of new agricultural operation needs to purchase large-scale agricultural machinery and supporting agricultural machinery, and the corresponding small-scale agricultural machinery will gradually fade out of the historical stage. Subsequently, many farmers who only want to scrap the old agricultural machinery in their hands appear. They do not need to purchase agricultural machinery, and they are not willing to purchase new agricultural machinery. Therefore, it is inevitable that there will be contradictions between the two, resulting in the gradual reduction of the number of scrapped agricultural machinery.

Subsidy standards are low, which is not conducive to mobilizing farmers 'enthusiasm. The current subsidy standard for agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal was proposed in 2012, which obviously lags behind the current level of economic development. For example, the subsidy amount of walking tractor is only a few hundred yuan, and the recycling price of second-hand tractor purchased by some agricultural machinery production Tencent Cloud Organization is much higher than the subsidy standard for scrapping and renewing agricultural machinery, which leads to many drivers preferring to sell old tractors to purchasing enterprises rather than scrapping them.

The single type of subsidy is not conducive to the upgrading of machines and tools. At present, the machines and tools enjoying the subsidy for scrapping and renewing agricultural machinery are limited to tractors and combine harvesters, mainly because tractors and combine harvesters have implemented license management, which is convenient to confirm the object of policy implementation. In fact, there are not only many tractors and combine harvesters that have not been licensed according to regulations, but also a large number of other machines that are in urgent need of scrapping. According to incomplete statistics, Hubei Province alone can not be used on more than 200 thousand rotary tillers, accounting for nearly a third of the rotary tiller holdings.

The pilot has not been rolled out, which is not conducive to the implementation of policy norms. At present, the subsidy policy for scrapping and renewing agricultural machinery has not been fully spread throughout the country, and the policies of various provinces are unbalanced, leaving loopholes for speculation by some distribution enterprises. In the implementation process of Hubei Province, it was found that individual agricultural machinery distribution enterprises purchased scrapped agricultural machinery from other provinces, intending to declare scrapping and renewal subsidies in Hubei Province, and implemented left-hand purchase of scrapped agricultural machinery and right-hand sale of new machinery to purchasers, so as to obtain subsidies and earn price difference.

Lack of incentive measures is not conducive to the promotion of scrapping work. Most of the agricultural machinery maintenance points engaged in scrap recycling have low recycling rate of scrapped and disassembled machines due to backward means, in addition, the purchase price of scrap steel has been continuously reduced since last year, and the income is relatively low, and the current implementation scheme has no incentive measures for the units participating in scrap recycling, resulting in low enthusiasm for many agricultural machinery maintenance points to participate in scrap recycling work. At the same time, due to the lack of funds required, the enthusiasm of the agricultural machinery sector to implement the policy is not high.

Suggestions for further improvement in six aspects

According to the Guidance on the Implementation of Agricultural Machinery Subsidies 2015-2017 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, the implementation scope of the pilot work of agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal subsidies has been expanded to 17 regions, and it is clearly stated that provinces can organize and implement them by themselves. The expansion of the pilot scope and the further decentralization of autonomy show that the state recognizes the implementation of the policy of scrapping and updating agricultural machinery. How to further improve the system and implement the policy of scrapping and updating subsidies? After investigation, the author puts forward the following suggestions.

It is fully rolled out to make the policy more effective. It is suggested that the subsidy policy for scrapping and renewing agricultural machinery should be fully released nationwide, so that on the one hand, thorny problems such as reselling of machinery and tools and proof of legal origin can be solved. On the other hand, it can further mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to upgrade agricultural machinery.

Discards and updates are untied, giving players more options. It is suggested that the subsidy for scrapping agricultural machinery should be implemented separately from the subsidy for renewal, so as to give agricultural machinery more autonomy. The scrapping can apply for subsidy, and the renewal can also apply for subsidy. The three procedures of scrapping subsidy procedure, namely scrapping, machine purchase and subsidy, shall be reduced to two procedures of scrapping and subsidy. The scrapping subsidy shall be established separately, and a special fund for scrapping subsidy shall be established. As long as it is applied for scrapping, scrapping subsidy shall be given, and the renewal of machines and tools shall not be forced.

Lower the retirement threshold, so that the old equipment faster elimination. It is suggested that the types of scrapped machines and tools should be expanded and the subsidy standard of machines and tools should be improved. For walking tractors, large and medium-sized tractors, combine harvesters and other abandoned machinery residual value, renewal subsidies plus agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, so that farmers can spend a small amount of money to replace new machines, further accelerate the elimination of old and sick agricultural machinery and the renewal of new agricultural machinery. It is suggested that the standard of scrapping subsidy should be further refined according to the horsepower of tractors, and the allowance for scrapping of walking and small tractors should be appropriately increased. At the same time, provinces are allowed to include other agricultural machinery with large usage and high frequency into the scope of scrapping subsidies according to the use of local agricultural machinery, increase the amount of scrapping subsidies, and further release subsidy policy dividends.

Increase support efforts so that all parties have enthusiasm. It is suggested to install whole-process monitoring equipment for agricultural machinery scrap recycling points to realize the whole-process monitoring of policy implementation; encourage all localities to build regional agricultural machinery scrap renewal centers according to the actual situation; and establish a third-party evaluation organization to evaluate the residual value of waste machines and tools by referring to the automobile scrapping renewal evaluation method. It is suggested to reasonably calculate the dismantling cost of all kinds of machines and tools according to the Management Measures for Recycling of Scrap Vehicles, and on this basis, give appropriate subsidies to the recycling units of agricultural machinery according to a certain proportion, so as to improve the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in the scrapping of agricultural machinery; it is suggested that finance departments at all levels should provide necessary working funds to agricultural machinery departments and supervision departments according to the number of scrapped machines and tools.

Improve operating procedures to make policy implementation more convenient. It is suggested that the procedures be further simplified to make the implementation of the scheme more convenient and beneficial to the people. In the implementation process, recycling enterprises can also recycle waste agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery supervision personnel come to work, designated places scrap old agricultural machinery. Farmers can also sell their own dismantled machines and tools. It is suggested that in the recycling methods of agricultural machinery scrap, the dismantling standard of scrap machinery, the destruction standard of "five assemblies", the utilization standard of dismantled and recycled parts, the recycling standard of scrap machinery, the supervision and marketing method of scrap process, the file management standard and the corresponding punishment method should be further clarified, so that there are laws and regulations to follow in the work of scrapping and renewing agricultural machinery.

Clarify regulatory responsibilities and make policy implementation more standardized. It is suggested that the responsibilities of all parties should be further clarified, that the operator should be responsible for the legal source of the scrapped machinery, that the recycling enterprise of agricultural machinery should be responsible for whether it is really dismantled and destroyed, and that the main responsibility of the agricultural machinery management department lies in supervision. By clarifying the main responsibilities of all parties, it is more efficient and convenient to promote the implementation of agricultural machinery scrapping and renewal subsidy policy.