What is the method of propagation of longevity flowers? what if the rotten roots turn black?

How does the longevity flower reproduce? If it can't reproduce, isn't that extinct? What if rotten roots and blackened roots appear in the process of breeding longevity flowers? Let's take a look at the women's website:

What is the method of propagation of longevity flowers?

The stem insert the so-called "stem cutting"? That is, first cut off the healthy terminal bud of the longevity flower, the length is about 5 to 6 centimeters, wait until the "wound" of the terminal bud of the plant is restored, insert it into the cultured soil, be sure to keep the soil moist, oh, and root after about 2 weeks, you can start fertilizing.

The leaf insertion is to select the intact and fat longevity flower leaves and leave the cut leaves in the shade for about half an hour, waiting for the cut pieces of the leaves to dry and heal, and then, uh, insert them shallowly or lay them flat on the well-breathable sandy soil to keep the sandy soil semi-wet and not too wet, otherwise the leaves will rot easily. If the air in the environment is dry or a little cold, it is best to use transparent plastic wrap for moisturizing and heat preservation, and then find a place with soft sunlight and good ventilation, which can take root within a month. then it can sprout in almost four months.

Notes for longevity flowers: longevity flowers are more drought-resistant, so they don't need to be watered frequently, as long as they are watered thoroughly every 3 to 4 days to keep the potted soil slightly moist. The temperature is too low in winter and the rainy season in summer is to control the amount of water, in order to avoid root rot of longevity flowers. Longevity flowers prefer the sun, if the potted plants are best placed in a sunlit place. However, it can not be exposed to the sun at the height of summer, it can be placed in a place where there is sunshine but not the kind of strong sunshine, otherwise the flowers and leaves illuminated by strong light will turn yellow. If placed in the dark, the leaves are not only easy to wither but also do not blossom. Longevity flowers need to be protected against cold in winter, and the indoor temperature should not be lower than 12 ℃. If the temperature is too low, the leaves of longevity flowers will slowly turn red, and the flowering period will be delayed or not.

What if the rotten roots of longevity flowers turn black?

Longevity flowers are very much like drought, do not like moisture, is too much watering, just move the longevity flowers to the sun, evaporate the water, let the soil dry on it.

Reasons why longevity flowers do not bloom:

1. Lighting: longevity flowers like a sunny environment, avoid strong light exposure at noon in midsummer, and keep them in the sun for the rest of the time. At least 4 hours of direct light can be seen every day in order to grow healthily. In order to make the longevity flower plant flowers evenly, we should pay attention to often change the direction of the flowerpot, so that the plant balanced to receive light, the building balcony every semimonthly to turn the flowerpot 180 degrees.

Although the semi-shade can also grow, but the stem thin leaves thin flowers less light, far less luxuriant than the sunny place. If the shade is not only easy to lose leaves and no flowers, even if the flowering plants are placed in the shade, the flower color will become dim, and then the flowers will fall off and wither.

2. Fertilizer nutrients: longevity flowers like fertilizer. The flowering period of longevity flowers is long, so it is necessary to break the commandment of not applying fertilizer during flowering period, and apply thin nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once a month, so that the later flowers will not become small and pale due to lack of fertilizer.

From the longevity flower frost falling into the house to October of the following year, it happens to be the late differentiation and full flowering stage of the longevity flower bud, so there is a great demand for fertilizer. Fishy fertilizer based on phosphorus and potassium should be applied once a week before flowering to promote flower bud differentiation. The florescence is dominated by the application of quick-acting potassium dihydrogen phosphate, with a concentration of 2%, once every 10 days.

What if longevity flowers don't blossom:

Longevity flowers are plants that like light and fertilizer, so they should be given sufficient light and fertilizer in the process of breeding longevity flowers, otherwise they will not bloom. Some varieties of longevity flowers will naturally aging and even wither after two years, because the propagation of longevity flowers is relatively simple, cuttings and leaf cuttings can be easily propagated, so we suggest that flower friends plant robust longevity flowers for 1-2 years.

Longevity flowers bloom several times a year:

Longevity flowers prefer warm, moist and sunny environment, and are not resistant to cold. The suitable temperature for growth is 15: 25 ℃. When the high temperature exceeds 30 ℃ in summer, the growth is hindered. The indoor temperature in winter is 12: 15 ℃. Less than 5 ℃, the leaves became red and the florescence was delayed. Flowering in winter and spring will be inhibited if the room temperature is more than 24 ℃. If the temperature is about 15 ℃, the longevity flowers will bloom continuously.

Longevity flowers are resistant to drought and are not strict with the soil, so it is better to use fertile sandy loam. Longevity flowers are short-day plants and are sensitive to photoperiod. For the plants with good growth and development, the buds can blossom after being treated with short-day sunlight (8-9 hours per day) for 3-4 weeks. Therefore, the flowering period of longevity flowers is from December to May of the following year. As long as they are raised well, beautiful flowers will continue to bloom during this period.

Sometimes I feel that these flowers and plants are really grinding goblins. We should take good care of them and pay attention to change. These are the problems encountered in the growth of longevity flowers. Have you mastered them?

Longevity flower culture method, longevity flower reproduction knowledge

The longevity flower, which has a florescence of more than 4 months, blooms brightly from December to April every year, with as many as dozens of flowers on each branch, hence the name of longevity flowers.

Culture methods of longevity flowers 1. Adapt to the environment

Longevity flowers prefer a warm, moist and sunny environment.

2. Soil selection

Longevity flowers should not be cultivated in clayey soil, otherwise it will lead to poor growth, rotten roots and leaves, and in serious cases, plant death. The basin soil was mixed with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of bone powder. This kind of cultivated soil is loose and fertile, has good drainage performance, and shows a slightly acidic reaction, which is beneficial to the development of root system.

3. Fertilization methods for longevity flower culture.

Longevity flowers should not be cultivated in clayey soil, otherwise it will lead to poor growth, rotten roots and leaves, and in serious cases, plant death. The basin soil was mixed with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of bone powder. This kind of cultivated soil is loose and fertile, has good drainage performance, and shows a slightly acidic reaction, which is beneficial to the development of root system.

In the peak growing season, thin compound liquid fertilizer can be applied every 15 to 20 days to promote robust growth and luxuriant flowering. If 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% superphosphate is applied twice after flower bud formation in November, the flowers will be more, the color will be bright, and the florescence will be long.

4. Watering methods for longevity flower culture

Longevity flowers, like other succulent flowers, contain more water and have a strong ability to resist drought, so they do not need a lot of watering. During the growth period, as long as every 2-3 days to water once, keep the basin soil slightly moist. Watering should be controlled when the temperature is low in winter. If the watering is too much, the drainage is not smooth, and the basin soil is too wet, it is easy to cause root rot.

Matters needing attention in longevity flower culture

The main results are as follows: 1. When cultivating longevity flowers, if there is not enough light for a long time, not only the branches are slender, the leaves are thin and small, and the plant shape is beautiful, but also the number of flowers is reduced, and the flower color is not bright, but also cause a large number of leaves to fall off and lose the ornamental value.

2. The longevity flower has phototropism, so during the growth period, attention should be paid to changing the direction of the flowerpot, adjusting the light, making the plant receive light evenly, and promoting the development of branches to all sides. If you do not turn the pot for a long time, the plant will grow on one side and affect the ornamental effect.

3. In the period of exuberant growth of longevity flowers, we should pay attention to picking the heart and promoting branches, so as not to affect its ornamental.

Propagation method of longevity flower by hydroponic culture

1. The selection of cuttings is the basic premise to ensure the high quality of potted flowers. For hydroponic cuttings, it is ideal to choose healthy, strong and full cuttings with about 10 to 15 cm long, with 2 / 3 nodes with more than 3 / 4 pairs of leaf terminal buds. It is best to cut the cuttings at the interbranch nodes or at about 1cm below the nodes. The maximum cross-sectional area is formed at an angle of about 45 °. If the terminal bud is a flower branch, cut off the residual flowers. It is best to have a stalk above 1cm below the cuttings. If it interferes with the bottom of the Jack, the pair of leaves can be removed, and the rest of the leaves can be retained as far as possible.

2. The cross-sectional wounds of branches, terminal buds and petioles used before hydroponics should be naturally air-dried for more than 4 hours. Determined by the characteristics of succulent and succulent plants, otherwise the wound is prone to blackening and ulceration leading to rooting failure. In general, herbaceous and woody cuttings should not be dehydrated for too long to prevent air from entering the vascular bundle and blocking water transport, so herbaceous woody cuttings should be dried at most. If the leaves wilt, it is best to soak the branches and leaves to show that the water transport is not in the way before entering the next process.

Long-lived cuttings remember that you must not soak in water before cutting, but need a certain degree of air-drying, even if the bark is wrinkled and wilted, on the contrary, it is more likely to root. For example, long-lived branches sent from other places do not need any moisturizing treatment. after several days of transportation, the wound naturally dries up after arrival, so it is good to cut them at this time. Don't gild the lily, cut off the dried parts like grass cuttings and soak them in fungicides, rooting fluids and so on. The air is humid in the south. I usually cut it the night before and cut it the next day or the third day. "

Is the longevity flower a succulent plant? the culture method of longevity flower

Are longevity flowers succulent plants? Yes, the longevity flower is a succulent plant, crassulaceae, from December to April of the following year with bright flowers, very beautiful. Let's take a look at the introduction of longevity flowers and the breeding methods of longevity flowers.

Are longevity flowers succulent plants?

A succulent plant with low bushes of large, shiny leaves that are green all the year round. It was planted in the open field as edge material in spring, summer and autumn, and bright flowers bloomed from December to April of the following year. Each flower branch can have as many as dozens of flowers, with a florescence of more than 4 months, from which the name of longevity flowers comes from.

Longevity flower is a succulent plant of the genus Brassica in crassulaceae, a low clump of low plants formed by fat, bright leaves, which is green all the year round. It was planted in the open field as edge material in spring, summer and autumn, and bright flowers bloomed from December to April of the following year. Each flower branch can have as many as dozens of flowers, with a florescence of more than 4 months, from which the name of longevity flowers comes from. It is an ideal potted flower for New Year's Day and his relatives, friends and elders during the Spring Festival.

Introduction of longevity flowers

1. Morphological characteristics

Longevity flowers are perennial fleshy herbs. The stem is erect, the plant height is 10-30 cm. Leaves fleshy, oval-oblong, dark green and glossy, with reddish edges. Cone-shaped Cymes of round-pot plants, with scarlet, peach, orange-red, yellow, orange and white flowers. Corolla long tubular, base slightly inflated, flowering from December to the end of April.

Evergreen perennial herbs succulent plants. The stem is erect and the plant height is 10ml / 30cm. Simple leaves alternate, ovoid, 4-8 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, fleshy, upper leaf margin with undulate obtuse teeth, lower entire, bright green, glossy, leaf margin reddish. Panicle Cymes, erect, inflorescences 7-10 cm long. Each plant has 5-7 inflorescences and 60-250 flowers. The flowers are small, dish-shaped, 1.2-1.6 cm in diameter, 4 petals, pink, scarlet or orange-red. The flowering period of longevity is from January to April.

2. Ecological habits

Longevity flowers prefer warmer temperature, and the suitable temperature for growth is no more than 30 degrees during the day and no less than 18 degrees at night. The temperature is too high and too low will affect its normal growth.

Longevity flowers are native to Africa and prefer warm, moist and sunny environments. It is not cold-resistant, the suitable temperature for growth is 15: 25 ℃, and when the high temperature in summer is more than 30 ℃, the growth is hindered. The indoor temperature in winter should not be lower than 12 ℃, and it is better to be 15: 18 ℃ in daytime and more than 10 ℃ at night. Less than 5 ℃, the leaves are red, the florescence is delayed or can not blossom normally, affecting the festival ornamental. Flowering in winter and spring will be inhibited if the room temperature is more than 24 ℃. If the temperature is about 15 ℃, the longevity flowers will bloom continuously.

Longevity flowers are resistant to drought and are not strict with the soil, so it is better to use fertile sandy loam. Generally, the pot is changed once after the flower fade in spring every year, and the basin soil is better by selecting 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of mixed preparation. Longevity flowers are short-day plants and are sensitive to photoperiod. For the plants with good growth and development, the buds can blossom after being treated with short-day sunlight (8-9 hours per day) for 3-4 weeks.

Longevity flowers have a low demand for water. After watering before noon, the leaves must be kept dry before nightfall. Short-day plants will not blossom until at least 6 weeks after treatment. During short-day treatment, there should be at least 14 hours of night every day. Generally speaking, the period from October 1 of each year to March 1 of the following year is a natural short date. Plants planted in larger flowerpots should be given long sunshine treatment at the initial stage of growth, so that plants can be given short-day treatment to make them blossom when they reach a certain size. Otherwise, the plant may be too small.

Longevity flowers are generally not heart-picking in Europe and the United States, but can be picked as needed in China. The plant after coring is generally in good shape, and the single plant planted in a flowerpot above 15 cm should be coring, which is generally carried out 3-4 weeks after planting. Removing some buds during the first appearance of buds can promote the formation of more buds. Get rid of the remaining flowers in time after the flowers fade.

The longevity flower plant is small, the leaf is dense emerald green, the flower color is rich. Because the florescence is close to Christmas, and the florescence is long, it has become a "festive flower" for people to set off the festive atmosphere. In addition, the leaves of longevity flowers are thick fleshy, dense dark green, shiny, have high ornamental value, and can appreciate leaves when they are not blooming, so they are very ideal indoor potted flowers.

Culture methods of longevity flowers

I. cultivation techniques

1. Planting

Plant or change pots and soil in spring. It can be planted in the south, overwintering in the open field, pot planting in the north and overwintering indoors: the soil should be planted in a place with sufficient sunshine, slightly higher terrain and convenient drainage, and the soil is loose sandy loam. The basin soil is made of rich sandy loam. The mixed ratio of rotten leaf soil, coarse sand and char is 2:2:1. When planting, the bottom of the pot should be covered with tiles, and the mature organic fertilizer should be added to the culture soil as the base fertilizer. You can't water immediately after planting. You need to stop watering for a few days to avoid root rot.

2. Light and temperature

Longevity flowers are short-day plants, do not have strict requirements for light, and can grow well under full sunshine, half-day light and scattered light. The suitable growth temperature is 15-25 ℃. Pay attention to ventilation and shade when it is hot in summer to avoid strong direct sunlight. When entering the greenhouse or in the sunny part of the room in winter, the temperature should be kept above 10 ℃, the lowest temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃, and the leaves are easy to turn red when the temperature is low. The plants with good growth and development were treated with short-day light (8 Mel / day for 9 hours, shading for the rest of the day, and buds could be formed in 20-30 days).

3. Watering and fertilization

The longevity flower is a succulent plant, which contains a lot of water and is more resistant to drought. Do not water too much during the growing period. Water should be watered every 2-3 days. It is better to wet the basin soil. If the pot soil is too warm, it is easy to cause root rot. Watering should master the principle of "seeing dry and wet, watering thoroughly". Watering should be reduced and fertilization should be stopped in winter. During the growing period, the dilute liquid fertilizer rich in phosphorus was applied once or twice a month, and fertilization was carried out in the spring and autumn growing season and after flowering.

4. Planting tips

Longevity flowers are not particularly difficult to breed, and it is very beneficial to choose varieties with colorful and persistent flowers (longevity flowers). Many people throw away plants after flowering, which is actually unnecessary. Simply cut off the flower head, reduce longevity water and rest, and restore its normal care. It should blossom naturally in spring. Professional growers force longevity flowers to bloom all year round (this longevity flower is a short-day plant).

5. Cultivation and management

After the potted plant, it grew more vigorously in a slightly humid environment, and the reddish air was constantly rooted in the internodes. If the temperature is too low or too dry, the growth slows down, the leaves turn red and the florescence is delayed. In midsummer, watering should be controlled and ventilation should be paid attention to. If it is hot and humid, the leaves will rot and fall off. Fertilizing once every half month during the growing period, you can also use "Huizhi" 15-15-30 special fertilizer for potted flowers. In order to control the height of the plant, one or two coring should be carried out to promote more branches and more flowering. After 2 weeks of planting, the longevity flowers were sprayed with 0.2% for a long time, and the plant height was 12 cm. In this way, the plant height can be effectively controlled to achieve the effect of beautiful plant, green leaves and many flowers. In the process of flower bud formation in autumn, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied twice.

At the same time, in the process of longevity flower cultivation, short-day treatment can be used to adjust the florescence to achieve the purpose of providing potted flowers all the year round.

II. Key points of cultivation and management

First, the basin should be small and transparent, and the loose sandy soil should be planted well.

Longevity flowers grow best when planted in clay pots with good permeability, but they are not beautiful indoors. They can be covered with plastic pots or porcelain pots, or they can be planted directly in small purple sand pots or plastic pots. When planting, put a layer of broken charcoal block or broken hard plastic foam block at the bottom of the basin to enhance its permeability. There are 3 to 6 species in a basin with an inner diameter of 10 cm to 20 cm. Although it is not very selective, it is easy to rot roots in heavy clay, and grows best in loose and fertile slightly acidic sandy loam. Family potted plants should be mixed with rotten leaf soil and vegetable garden topsoil, and then add 5% to 8% sand as culture soil. When planting, add some bone meal or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer as base fertilizer.

Second, moderate water control, luxuriant leaves, rich phosphorus and potassium flowers

Longevity flower is a succulent plant, which contains more water, so it is more resistant to drought and afraid of waterlogging, and grows well under the condition of dry air in high-rise buildings. About 3 days in spring and autumn, you can see that the basin soil is dry and watered once, often keep a little moist. It is advisable to water less in summer, and it is better to water once every 5 to 7 days. The longevity flowers should be placed outdoors. In the rainy season, the water is prone to rot, roots, leaves and even death. If you properly control the water basin, the soil will be dry and wet, then there will be more branches and leaves and flowers. After entering the room in winter, it is appropriate to use water similar to room temperature at noon, about once a week.

Longevity flowers like to be fat. After half a month of planting seedlings or half a month of old plants, liquid fertilizer dominated by nitrogen can be applied 2 to 3 times to promote the growth of stems and leaves, and can be applied once after flowering to promote its rejuvenation. In the rest of the time, except for stopping application in summer, we can only apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, do not put fertilizer on the leaves, otherwise the leaves are easy to rot, such as accidentally dirty leaves, rinse off with water. The flowering period of longevity flowers is long, so it is necessary to break the commandment of not applying fertilizer during flowering period, and apply thin nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once a month, so that the later flowers will not become small and pale due to lack of fertilizer.

Fertilizer from longevity flower frost to October of the following year happens to be the late differentiation and full flowering stage of longevity flower buds, so there is a great demand for fertilizer. Fishy fertilizer based on phosphorus and potassium should be applied once a week before flowering to promote flower bud differentiation. The florescence is dominated by the application of available potassium dihydrogen phosphate, with a concentration of 0.2%, once every 10 days.

Third, sex likes sunshine and withstands half-overcast, summer fears hot heat and winter fears cold.

Longevity flowers like a sunny environment, except for a little shade at noon in midsummer, the rest of the time should be placed in the sun, at least 4 hours of direct light can be seen every day in order to grow healthily. In order to make the longevity flower plant flowers evenly, we should pay attention to often change the direction of the flowerpot, so that the plant balanced to receive light, the building balcony every semimonthly to turn the flowerpot 180 degrees. Although the semi-shade can also grow, but the stem thin leaves thin flowers less light, far less luxuriant than the sunny place. If the shade is not only easy to lose leaves and no flowers, even if the flowering plants are placed in the shade, the flower color will become dim, and then the flowers will fall off and wither.

To raise longevity flowers well, you must create a small environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer. At noon in midsummer, you should avoid strong light exposure and place it in a semi-shady place with sufficient scattered light, such as under big trees, under eaves or northward balconies. Pay special attention to ventilation and cooling. You can sprinkle water on the ground nearby, but not on the plants. After the Beginning of Autumn, sunshine can be seen gradually from late August to early September, and more sunshine should be seen from October to promote its transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. When the lowest temperature drops to about 10 ℃, move indoors and place it in front of the south or west windowsill to make it more sunny. Keep 10 ℃ at night, 15 ℃ to 18 ℃ during the day, and blossom in December.

Fourth, the cutting branch is easy to propagate, and the coring promotes the branching.

Longevity flowers are not strict with the soil, and potted plants can be made of loose sandy loam soil or peat soil with a small amount of base fertilizer. During the growing period, fertilizer was applied every 4 days to make the plant strong. Both compound chemical fertilizer and fermented organic liquid fertilizer can be used. Summer high temperature and humidity, less watering, stop fertilization. After the flower bud is formed, it is best to apply a relatively thick organic fertilizer or compound chemical fertilizer.

In this way, the flowers bloom more, the colors are bright, and the flowering period is long. In the early stage of exuberant growth, we should pay attention to pick the heart, promote branching and make the potted flowers grow fuller. Longevity flowers like plenty of sunshine. In the cultivation of the four seasons, it should be placed in a place with direct sunlight. Resistant to drought, you won't die if you don't water it for three or five days.

III. Key points of management in summer

In summer, the environmental conditions such as temperature, light and humidity change compared with spring. In order to produce high-quality longevity flowers, growers should pay attention to greenhouse production management and make corresponding adjustments if necessary.

1. Light

May and June belong to the alternating stage of long and short days, and the sunshine time gradually changes from short to longevity. For longevity flowers, which are more sensitive to light, it is necessary to stop replenishing light in time so as not to cause overgrowth of plants. In order to create a short-day environment for longevity flowers, the greenhouse can be shaded. Sunshade should be carried out from 5 to 6 p.m., and the sunshade net should be opened at 8 a.m.

In terms of light intensity, longevity flowers are light-loving plants, and the suitable light intensity is 30000 to 40000 lux. Excessive light will cause burns to plants, but too low light intensity will easily lead to overgrowth of plants.

two。 Temperature

The suitable temperature for longevity flower growth is 17 ℃ to 27 ℃. Shade the plant when the summer temperature is too high, otherwise it will cause damage to the plant. Choose a shading net with a shading rate of 60% to 70%. If the shading rate is too large, it is also easy to cause overgrowth of the plant.

3. Fertilizer and water management

In this season, the fertilization of longevity flowers should follow the principle of "watering frequently and applying less nitrogen fertilizer". The balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be achieved at the seedling stage, and after entering the flowering stage, it is necessary to give priority to phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Thin application of nitrogen fertilizer can effectively control the overgrowth of longevity flower plants and improve stress resistance and disease resistance.

Now is the best stage of longevity flower cutting propagation, but because of the high temperature, the greenhouse content is easy to dry, so cutting seedlings should increase the amount of water spraying and water spraying times, keep the substrate moist, which is conducive to plant rooting.

In the aspect of watering, due to the high temperature in summer, the transpiration of the plant and the rate of water evaporation in the basin soil also increase, so it is necessary to gradually increase the watering frequency to give the plant sufficient water to ensure its healthy growth. The longevity flowers with excessive growth can be regulated by the application of plant growth regulator Daizhuangsu, and it is best to apply it under wet soil conditions, which is too dry or too wet is not conducive to the absorption of pesticides by plants.

IV. Pest control

With the warming of the weather, the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse have increased, and the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests has become a problem that can not be ignored in the management of longevity flowers this season. therefore, growers must pay attention to the prevention of diseases and insect pests, and usually should do a good job of greenhouse disinfection, and regularly spray protective fungicides.

Longevity flowers are easily infected by insect pests, such as thrips, red spiders, snails, slugs, aphids, night moths, cabbage insects and so on. For these pests, we should give priority to prevention, and keep a good control at the vents and entrances and exits of the greenhouse to prevent pests from entering the greenhouse.

Longevity flower is a kind of "skin-solid" flower with fewer diseases. the common diseases are mainly downy mildew and anthracnose, which can be prevented by spraying fungicides such as carbendazim and mancozeb.

5. Maintenance skills of longevity flowers

Longevity flower plant small Qiao Lingmei, compact plant type, green leaves, dense flowers. It is an ideal indoor potted flower in winter and spring. The florescence coincides with Christmas, New Year's Day and Spring Festival, and it is very appropriate to decorate the windowsill, desk and desk. The overall ornamental effect of flower beds, shop windows and halls used in public places is excellent. Because of the name longevity, the festival presents relatives and friends with a pot of longevity flowers, good luck and longevity, which is also very appropriate and likable.

Longevity flowers like to have plenty of sunshine, and family training should be placed in places with direct sunlight all the year round. But summer noon should be appropriate shading, can be transferred to the indoor, otherwise the light is too strong, easy to make the leaf color yellow. On the contrary, if the light is not enough, not only the branches are thin and slender, the leaves are thin and the plant shape is not beautiful, but also the number of flowering is reduced, the color is not bright, and it will cause a large number of leaves to fall off and lose the ornamental value.

Longevity flowers are resistant to drought and are not strict with the soil, so it is better to use fertile sandy loam. Generally, the pot is changed once after the flower fade in spring every year, and the basin soil is better by selecting 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of mixed preparation. Longevity flowers are short-day plants and are sensitive to photoperiod. For the plants with good growth and development, the buds can blossom after being treated with short-day sunlight (8-9 hours per day) for 3-4 weeks.

Longevity flowers are resistant to drought, so they do not need a lot of watering, as long as they are watered thoroughly every 3-4 days to keep the basin soil slightly moist. Watering should be controlled during low temperatures in winter and in the rainy season to avoid rotting roots.

In the peak growing season, rarefied compound liquid fertilizer can be applied every 2 to 3 weeks to promote its strong growth and luxuriant flowering. If 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% calcium superphosphate solution is applied once or twice after flower bud formation in November, the multicolor flowering period will be long.

It is necessary to guard against cold in winter, and the room temperature should not be lower than 12 ℃. It is better to use 15 ℃-18 ℃ in daytime and more than 10 ℃ at night. If the temperature is too low, the leaves will turn red, and the flowering period will be delayed or can not blossom normally, which will affect the festival viewing.

Although the longevity flower is perennial, it will rot the old root when it is cultured for more than 2 years. In order to make the longevity branches more robust, it is recommended to cut into pots every 1-2 years.

Longevity flowers have phototropism, so during the growth period, we should pay attention to change the direction of the flowerpot, adjust the light, make the plant receive light evenly, and promote the branches to grow symmetrically around. Cut off the residual flowers in time after the flower fade, so as not to consume nutrients and affect the next flowering quantity. Generally, the basin is changed after the flower fade in spring every year, and the basin soil is made of 4 humus soil, 4 garden soil, 2 river sand and a small amount of bone powder. This kind of culture soil is loose and fertile, has good drainage performance and is slightly acidic, which is beneficial to the growth and development of longevity flowers.

The propagation mode of longevity flower

1. Cuttage propagation

The effect of longevity flower is the best in May ~ June or September ~ October. Select a slightly mature fleshy stem, cut it 5cm long, insert it in a sand bed, cover it with a thin film after watering, take root at 15-20 ℃ at room temperature, take root at 15-18 days after insertion, and pot plant in 30 days. Ten centimeter pots are commonly used. If there are not many seedlings, leaf cuttings can be used. Cut the sturdy and full leaves from the petiole, insert them obliquely or horizontally on the sand bed after the incision is slightly dry, keep the humidity, about 10-15 days, it can take root from the base of the leaf and grow new plants.

2. Cutting method

Longevity flowers bloom from winter to the following spring, so it is better to propagate longevity flowers by cutting in summer or autumn. Because longevity flowers are derived from the warm and sunny climate in Africa, cutting propagation in summer and autumn can ensure the rooting and survival of longevity flower seedlings, and generally ensure adequate light every day during the seedling growth period.

Then select the exuberant and healthy branch of the longevity flower as the new parent, and then cultivate it in the sandy soil. The longevity flower is not very strict on the soil, and it is suitable for growing in sandy loam soil. During cutting propagation, the soil should be loosened so that the soil fertility can be properly drained, which is more suitable for the rooting and sprouting growth of the new longevity flower.

When a new plant from the cuttage is cultivated in sandy loam, it is necessary to ensure the amount of water and fertilizer needed for the growth of longevity flowers. The hometown of the longevity flower is in Africa, so it is a plant that does not have high water requirements, and it is relatively drought-tolerant, so do not pour too much water during the breeding period of the longevity flower, so as not to accumulate in the roots and cause rotting roots. However, the fertilizer method should increase topdressing at the early stage of longevity flowers, which can ensure adequate nutrition during its growth period and provide more flowers for new branches to grow later in the flowering period.

Matters needing attention

1. Using net yellow sand, sandy loam or nutrient soil as medium, it is best to disinfect with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution.

2) pinching 6-10 cm long branches with more than two leaf base segments. When cutting, the cuttings should be cut as high as possible, the lower end of the cut is generally oblique, it is better to be 2mm away from the bottom bud, which is conducive to rooting, and the upper mouth should be flat and more than 4mm away from the top bud. to avoid moisture loss after the upper incision dry and discoloration, resulting in cutting failure.

3) insert it directly into the medium, and the insertion depth is better from 1 beat 2 to 2 prime 3, compacted and watered once. After that, keep the medium moist. Do not water or spray too much, as it will easily cause succulent leaves and stems to rot.

4) if there are conditions after cutting, it can be covered with plastic film to keep heat and moisture, which can promote the rapid rooting of branches and ensure the survival rate.

5), the cuttings that have just been cut should avoid the strong light, and it is best to avoid fertilizing the cuttings after cutting under the condition of scattered light.

(6) plug and live, which can take root in a week or so. After new axillary buds and leaves grow, they can be transplanted.

3. Tissue culture propagation

In the United States and France, stem tips, leaves, stems, flower buds and flowers of longevity flowers were used as explants in the late 1970s, and adventitious buds were induced in MS medium with 2mg / L kinetin and 0.1mg / L naphthylacetic acid. Then rooting was induced by 1/2MS medium plus 1 mg / L indolebutyric acid. The plantlets could grow after 4-6 weeks at room temperature 25-27 ℃ and light for 16 hours.