Propagation, cultivation, maintenance and management of zinnia

Hundred-day grass likes warmth, cold tolerance, sunshine, fear of heat, strong sex, drought tolerance, barren resistance, and avoid continuous cropping. The root is deep and the stem is hard and not easy to lodge. It is suitable to grow in fertile and deep soil. The suitable temperature during the growing period is 15-30 °C. The following editor brings you the methods of breeding, cultivation, maintenance and management of zinnia. Let's take a look at the details.

The propagation method of zinnia:

1. Sowing seeds

Pre-sowing treatment of zinnia

Before sowing, the soil and seeds should be strictly disinfected to prevent diseases and insect pests during the growing period. The seeds can be sowed from early April to late June. The seeds are disinfected by soaking seeds with 1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, and the matrix is mixed with 2 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of river sand, 2 parts of peat and 2 parts of perlite. It can be disinfected with 0.05% potassium permanganate or 1000 times formaldehyde, and the soil can be fumigated at high temperature to kill bacteria, pests and grass seeds.

Before sowing, the substrate is wet and sowed on demand. Zinnia is a photophobic flower seed, which must be covered with vermiculite after sowing.

Hundred-day grass sowing

The seed life of zinnia is 3 years, and the germination rate is about 60%. Try to choose the full seeds of the previous year to improve the seed germination rate. The sowing date can be determined according to the flowering time, and it takes about 75-90 days from sowing to flowering. The seeds can be sowed on demand or withdrawn, covering about 1 cm of thin soil, watering after sowing, sprouting after 5-10 days of sowing, and transplanting once when the seedlings grow 2 leaves and 5-8 cm high.

From planting to flowering, it takes 45-60 days for different varieties, and the suitable growth temperature is 15-30 ℃. Except for the seedlings, they all need sufficient sunlight. The upper basin can be evenly mixed with 3 parts of humus, 1 part of sawdust and 1 part of river sand.

At the temperature of 21-23 ℃, it can germinate in 3-5 days, and no light is needed during the germination period. after germination, the seedling bed maintains 50% 60% water content, not too wet, so as to avoid rotting roots or quenching disease.

2. Cuttage

Cuttage seedlings are not as neat as sowing seedlings, you can choose to grow 10 cm side buds for cutting, generally 5-7 days to take root, and later cultivation management is the same as sowing, 30-45 days later can be out of the nursery.

Cutting can be combined with coring and dwarfing. # p# subtitle # e #

The methods of culture, maintenance and management of zinnia:

Temperature: hundred-day grass likes to warm to the sun, can not bear the heat, high temperature and cold, the suitable temperature for growth is 18-20 ℃ during the day and 15-16 ℃ at night. It grows especially fast in summer.

Moisture: due to the high demand for light, water is easy to evaporate, so it is necessary to maintain proper humidity and can be watered every day in summer.

Rizhao: the flowering period can be controlled by regulating the length of sunshine. Because it is a relatively short-day plant, the sunshine is longer than 14 hours, the flowering is delayed, it takes 70 days from sowing to flowering, and there are more tongue-shaped flowers; if the sunshine is less than 12 hours, the flowering is earlier, and it takes only 60 days from sowing to flowering, but more tubular flowers. In addition, the flowering period can also be controlled by adjusting the sowing time and coring time.

Prevention of overgrowth: it is very easy to grow seedlings in the later stage of growth. in order to prevent overgrowth, the methods are as follows: one is to reduce the temperature appropriately, the second is to ensure sufficient nutritional area and increase the row spacing, and the third is to pick out the heart to promote the growth of axillary buds. It is generally carried out when the plant height is about 10 cm, leaving 2-4 pairs of true leaves to pick the heart. If the seedlings are not only grown in the open field, you should also pick the heart in order to limit the height. Strong wind was released 5-7 days before planting to adapt to the open field environment.

Lodging resistance: in addition, zinnia is generally selected as a high-type variety for cut flower cultivation, which is different from courtyard flowers in usual maintenance and management, and special attention should be paid to lodging resistance in the process of cultivation.

Cultivation and maintenance methods of zinnia

Hundred-day grass is a hundred-day grass,-annual herbs, strong sex, like warmth, not resistant to cold, like light, more tolerant to drought. The suitable temperature for germination is 22-25 degrees Celsius. When sowing, it should be slightly covered with soil and placed in a place away from light. After the true leaves grow, they should be transplanted immediately.

The zinnia grows very fast and is easy to grow in vain, so it is necessary to pick the heart in time to promote the growth of axillary buds, so that the flower plant is stout and the flower setting rate is high. Zinnia is a 1-2-year-old herb, its leaves opposite, sessile, composed of ligulate flowers and tubular flowers. Because the zinnia is a relatively short-day plant, the method of regulating the sunshine length can be adopted to regulate the florescence.

When the sunshine is longer than 14 hours, the flowering will be delayed, and it will take about 70 days from sowing to flowering, and the number of tongue-shaped flowers will increase significantly; while when the sunshine is shorter than 12 hours, it can blossom in advance, and it will take only 60 days from sowing to flowering. At this time, there are more tubular flowers. In addition, the flowering period can also be controlled by adjusting the sowing time and coring time.

In the process of sowing, zinnia requires a well-drained, loose and fertile soil environment. Usually the germination temperature is 21-22 degrees, it needs to be covered with soil when germination, and it can germinate in 2-5 days. In the process of growth, the daily temperature should be kept at 18 degrees and the night temperature should reach 21 degrees. The time from sowing to flowering is 9-10 weeks.

In addition, it is worth noting that the continuous cropping of hundred-day grass should be rotated in time because the hundred-day grass is easy to grow in the later stage of growth. for this reason, growers usually take the following measures to control it:-to appropriately reduce the temperature and increase ventilation; to ensure adequate nutritional area and increase plant spacing; third, to pick out the heart in time to promote axillary bud growth. The specific operation method is carried out when the plant height is about 10 cm, leaving 2 to 4 pairs of real leaves to pick the heart. If you want to make the plant low and blossom, you often spray dwarfing agent when the axillary buds grow to about 3 cm after coring. For seedlings that are not overgrown, they can be cultivated in the open field, and coring treatment should be carried out in order to limit their growth height.

Zinnia is mainly propagated by seeds and can also be propagated by cuttings. Seed propagation should be sowed in spring, generally in mid-late April, and the suitable temperature for germination is 15-20 degrees Celsius. It should be covered with soil, watered and moisturized after sowing, and sprouted and sprouted about 1 week later. The germination rate is about 60%. During the period from Lesser Fullness of Grain to the Summer Solstice, combined with coring and pruning, strong branches were selected, a section of shoots 10-15 cm long were cut as cuttings, the lower leaves were removed, the upper two leaves were left, and water was often sprayed and shaded properly in the fine river sand, which could take root after about 2 weeks. The cultivation and maintenance method of zinnia is a kind of annual herb, which is strong in nature, warm, cold-resistant, light-loving and drought-tolerant. The suitable temperature for germination is 22-25 ℃. When sowing, it should be slightly covered with soil and placed in a place away from light, and should be transplanted immediately after the true leaves grow. The zinnia grows very fast and is easy to grow in vain, so it is necessary to pick the heart in time to promote the growth of axillary buds, so that the flower plant is stout and the flower setting rate is high. Zinnia is a 1-2-year-old herb, its leaves opposite, sessile, composed of ligulate flowers and tubular flowers. Because the zinnia is a relatively short-day plant, the method of regulating the sunshine length can be adopted to regulate the florescence. When the sunshine is longer than 14 hours, the flowering will be delayed, and it will take about 70 days from sowing to flowering, and the number of tongue-shaped flowers will increase significantly; while when the sunshine is shorter than 12 hours, it can blossom in advance, and it will take only 60 days from sowing to flowering. At this time, there are more tubular flowers. In addition, the flowering period can also be controlled by adjusting the sowing time and coring time. In the process of sowing, zinnia requires a well-drained, loose and fertile soil environment. Usually the germination temperature is 21-22 degrees, it needs to be covered with soil when germination, and it can germinate in 2-5 days. In the process of growth, the daily temperature should be kept at 18 degrees and the night temperature should reach 21 degrees. The time from sowing to flowering is generally 9-10 weeks. In addition, it is worth noting that the hundred-day grass taboo continuous cropping, should be timely rotation because the hundred-day grass is easy to grow in the later stage of growth, for this reason, growers usually take the following measures to control: the first is to appropriately reduce the temperature and increase ventilation; the second is to ensure adequate nutritional area and increase plant spacing; the third is to pick out the heart in time to promote axillary bud growth. The specific method of operation is generally carried out when the plant height is about 10 cm, leaving 2 to 4 pairs of true leaves to pick the heart. If you want to make the plant low and blossom, you often spray dwarfing agent when the axillary buds grow to about 3 cm after coring. If there are no overgrown seedlings to be cultivated in the open field, if the coring treatment should be carried out in order to limit its growth height, zinnia is mainly seed propagation, but also cuttage propagation. Seed propagation should be sowed in spring, usually in the middle and last ten days of April, and the optimum temperature for germination is 15-20 ℃. It should be covered with soil, watered and moisturized after sowing, and sprouted and sprouted about 1 week later. The germination rate is generally about 60%. During the period from Lesser Fullness of Grain to the Summer Solstice, combined with coring and pruning, strong branches were selected, a section of shoots 10 to 15 cm long were cut as cuttings, the lower leaves were removed, the upper two leaves were left, and water was often sprayed and shaded properly in the fine river sand, which could take root after about 2 weeks. After the planting survived, it is not necessary to apply fertilizer too frequently in the seedling stage, and liquid fertilizer is generally applied once a month. Close to the flowering stage, more topdressing can be applied, applying liquid fertilizer every 5 to 7 days until the flowers are in full bloom. When the seedling is as high as 10 cm, leave 2 pairs of leaves, cut off the head and pick the heart to promote the germination of lateral branches. When the lateral branch grows to 2-3 pairs of leaves, leave 2 pairs of leaves and pick the heart for the second time. In this way, the plant shape can be large and the flowering can be varied. It can blossom after 70 days after spring sowing. The zinnia blossoms at the top of the branch. when the flower is ruined, two pairs of leaves should be left at the base of the flower stem to cut off the residual flowers in order to induce new shoots in the axils of the cut leaves. Watering frequently after pruning and topdressing for 2 or 3 times can extend the flowering date to before Frosts Descent. The first batch of seeds matured before the rainy season are of good quality and should be harvested and retained in time. When sowing seedlings with 4-6 leaves, they are planted in 10-12 cm pots.