Cottonseed protein: what is soybean meal? Can cottonseed protein be used instead of soybean meal in pig concentration?

Soybean meal is a by-product obtained from soybean oil extraction. Also known as "soybean meal". According to the different extraction methods, it can be divided into one soaked soybean meal and two soaked soybean meal. Among them, the by-product after extraction of soybean oil is the first soaked soybean meal, and the by-product obtained by pressing and then extracting the oil is called secondary soaked soybean meal.

Now the price of soybean meal is rising too fast. Can cottonseed protein be used instead of soybean meal? how much can it be replaced? Just try it? Should it be okay to have a small amount? I don't know.

It'seems that Dr. Wang is not in favor of substitution.

It's hard to say cottonseed protein!

What is the basic principle of substitution?

First do a comparison of total amino acids before coming to a conclusion! Why replace it? What's the reason? Cottonseed protein is a high-quality source of protein for pigs, which can be replaced by less than 20%. Replacing 20% of cottonseed protein requires appropriate supplement of crystal lysine and methionine! It must replace part of it! Believe it or not, no one does that! The crude fiber content of cottonseed meal mainly depends on the degree of shelling of cottonseed meal. Because the crude fiber content of cottonseed meal is higher than that of soybean meal, the effective energy lipid of this kind of feed is usually lower than that of soybean meal.

In addition, cottonseed meal is characterized by a relatively high content of crude fat, which can reach about 6.1%. However, we need to pay attention to that too high fat content is not conducive to the storage of cottonseed meal and is easy to cause feed oxidation and rancidity.

In cottonseed meal, the mineral content is also characterized by less calcium and more phosphorus, and most of them are reproductive acid phosphorus, and the content of trace element iron is relatively high, but the content of trace element selenium is relatively low.

Similarly, cottonseed meal also contains a variety of anti-nutritional factors, and among these anti-nutritional factors, it should be said that the greatest impact is free gossypol, which can cause poisoning and even death in animals. In order to make better use of cottonseed meal as a feed source, we must solve the problem of toxicity of cottonseed meal. It should be said that the most fundamental way to solve the problem is to promote non-toxic or low-toxic cotton varieties. At the same time, there are several problems that should be paid attention to. Ferrous sulfate can also be used for detoxification. This is a method. Another way is that when matching the diet, we can pay attention to balancing the amino acids in the diet, especially by adding synthetic lysine, tryptophan and tryptophan, or by increasing the crude protein level of the diet. to reduce the toxicity of gossypol and improve the feeding effect of cottonseed meal, which can improve the production performance of animals.

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two。 Nutritional characteristics of dephenolized cottonseed protein

2.1 Nutrition Overview of dephenolized cottonseed protein

Dephenolized cottonseed protein as a high quality protein feed, crude protein content ≥ 50%, crude fiber ≤ 8%, moisture ≤ 6%, in which the main component of crude protein is globulin, about 90%, followed by glutenin. Three kinds of globulins, 2S, 7s and 12s, were obtained by ultracentrifugation, of which 2S existed outside the protein body, accounting for about 30% (Li Yanling, 2001).

2.2 nutritional advantages of cottonseed protein

2.2.1 High dry matter content

Because of its unique processing technology (liquid-liquid-solid extraction), the dry matter content of air-dried soybean meal is 93.6%, soybean meal is 89.6%, and common cottonseed meal is 82.9%, which is 4 and 10.7 percentage points higher than soybean meal and common cottonseed meal respectively.

2.2.2 High protein content

Compared with ordinary cottonseed meal, the crude protein (CP) content and milk net energy (NEL) increased by 31.95% and 19% respectively (Table 1). The crude protein contents of soybean meal (cake), cottonseed meal (cake), sunflower meal, rapeseed meal and flax meal were 40-45%, 36-45%, 30-33%, 33-37% and 31-33%, respectively.

  2.2.3 the content of amino acid balance and essential amino acid is high, especially the content of methionine + cystine is higher than that of other plant protein materials, which can make up for and balance the deficiency of sulfur amino acid in plant protein feed. The composition proportion of lysine and methionine is similar to the ideal protein model. The amino acid content is rich (Table 2), and the total amino acid content is 49.26%. It is 8.32 and 16.06 percentage points higher than soybean meal and cottonseed meal respectively. The proportion of amino acids in total protein was 95.6%, which was 4 and 14.7 higher than that of soybean meal and cottonseed meal, respectively.

The content of methionine + cystine is 1.49%, 34.3% higher than soybean meal and 22% higher than ordinary cottonseed meal; the content of sulfur amino acid and lysine is also higher, and the content of lysine is slightly lower than soybean meal but higher than ordinary cottonseed meal. The composition ratio of lysine and methionine is similar to the ideal protein model; arginine is 5.87%, 10.8% higher than soybean meal and 21.8% higher than ordinary cottonseed meal. Isoleucine + leucine is 4.66%, which is higher than that of ordinary cottonseed meal (3.7%) and equivalent to soybean meal (5.01%). The EAA:NEAA of common cottonseed meal is 1.0Ru 1.35, while that of dephenolized cottonseed protein is 1RV 1.09, which is very close to the ideal protein model.

2.2.4 the rumen passing rate is higher than that of common cottonseed meal and soybean meal, so it is an ideal rumen protein raw material for plant protein feed.

   has good rumen performance and can avoid the waste caused by the massive degradation of high quality protein in the rumen. The intestinal digestibility of protein is increased, that is, the effective protein content is increased (Table 3 and Table 4). The 48-hour rumen passing rate of 45% cottonseed protein is 55.8%, which is 54.39% and 16.3% higher than that of soybean meal and common cottonseed meal, respectively. The 48-hour rumen passing rate of 50% cottonseed protein was 51%, which was 49.59 and 11.5 percentage points higher than soybean meal and common cottonseed meal, respectively.

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Cottonseed crude protein 50%, the price is much cheaper than soybean meal, but I don't know what the effect is and how palatable it is.