How to grow patchouli? can you raise it at home?

Patchouli has many uses, and many people want to grow it themselves. How do you grow patchouli? Can I keep it at home?

How to grow patchouli:

I. selection of sites

It is appropriate to choose Xiangyang, low mountains, hills, flat dams, good drainage, deep and fertile sandy soil or loam.

II. Land preparation

The selected land from Qingming to Grain Rain is 2500kg per mu of barnyard manure, 30-45cm deep ploughing, fine raking and land preparation. The south should be a high border, about 12-18cm high, and the north should be a low border, and the length of the border depends on the topography, so as to facilitate irrigation, drainage and management.

3. Methods of raising seedlings

There are two propagation methods: seed propagation (new patchouli) and persistent root transplanting (old patchouli). The new patchouli is propagated by seeds, and the whole grass can be harvested in July of that year. The old patchouli means that after the seeds are collected, the old roots of the new patchouli are allowed to survive the winter in place, and the new seedlings in the next spring are unearthed and moved to the field to get the whole grass. It is generally believed that the new patchouli has more leaves and the cut piece is of better quality, while the old patchouli has many stalks and the cut piece is of poor quality. Therefore, seed propagation is often used in production, which is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing.

Can patchouli be raised at home:

Yes, patchouli is mainly propagated by cutting, especially for its excellent varieties, this method must be adopted, mostly in spring, summer and autumn every year. Fine sand can be used as propagation substrate. The specifications of the basin can be determined according to the specific needs.

All right, this is the end of the introduction on the cultivation of patchouli, all of you understand.

How to grow patchouli seed planting methods and matters needing attention

The application of patchouli in China is very early, probably because most areas of our country are inland, so there will be more application and understanding of plants, so they have a very systematic understanding of the use and efficacy of plants. With the development of time, patchouli, as a kind of rural weed, has gradually become the object of planting.

How to grow patchouli

Patchouli prefers high temperature and sunny environment, and grows poorly in the shade. The area with an annual average temperature of 19: 26 ℃ is more suitable for growth. When the temperature is higher than 35 ℃ or lower than 16 ℃, it grows slowly or stops. Like to grow in a humid, rainy environment, afraid of drought, require annual rainfall of more than 1600 milliliters. The requirements of the soil are not strict, the general soil can grow, but the soil layer is deep, fertile and loose sandy loam or loam is better. For fear of stagnant water, if you plant in low-lying land that is prone to stagnant water, the roots will rot and die. The life span of seeds is 2-4 years, so seeds can be sowed every other year. Light is needed for seed germination. The optimum temperature for germination is 18-22 ℃, and the germination days are 7-10 days.

Seed planting methods and matters needing attention of patchouli

1. Sowing: the seeds are mixed with fine sand or plant ash, spread evenly on the border surface, and gently pat the border surface with a thin plate, so that the seeds are in close contact with the border surface, and the soil thickness is 1cm. Strip sowing: along the border according to the row spacing 25~30cm to open a shallow ditch, ditch depth 1~1.5cm, pour through water, seeds mixed with fine sand evenly scattered into the ditch, covered with soil 1cm, slightly suppressed.

2. Sowing amount of seedlings: 2~4g/m2, the amount of seeds used in Honda is 500,800g per 667m2. Finally, the border is covered with thin film for heat preservation and moisturizing.

3. Planting: when the seedling height is 12: 15 cm and 4 leaves, according to the plant spacing 25cm, the row spacing is 40 m, the seedlings are planted with thin dung water in cloudy days, 6 ~ 7 000 plants are planted per 667m2, and the fixed root water is poured through after planting.

4. Seedling replenishment: after sowing, when the temperature was 13: 18 ℃ and the soil moisture was suitable, the seedlings emerged in 10-12 days. When the seedling height is 10 cm to 12 cm, the seedlings should be separated from each other to remove the weak and stay strong. Strip sowing can be divided into two rows according to the plant spacing of 10 cm to 12 cm and the seedlings are staggered. There were 3 or 4 strong seedlings in each hole.

5. timely planting: when the height of Huoxiang seedlings is 12cm 15cm and 4cm 6 true leaves, according to the plant spacing of 25cm and row spacing of 40cm, choose to irrigate thin dung water in cloudy days, planting 6 ~ 7000 plants per mu, and pour through the fixed root water after planting. If missing plants are found after survival, overcast days should be chosen to replenish seedlings.

6. Topdressing management: the first topdressing of patchouli was applied 1.5 kilograms of rarefied human and animal manure per square meter after loosening the soil with a seedling height of 3 cm, and then it was carried out when the seedling height was 7 cm 10 cm, 15 cm 20 cm and 25 cm 30 cm, respectively, and should be watered after fertilization. no more topdressing after ridge closure.

7. Drainage and drought resistance: patchouli likes micro-tide soil environment. If there is no rain in case of drought after sowing and transplanting, attention should be paid to timely watering (irrigation) to resist drought and protect seedlings. In rainy weather and after irrigation, ditch cleaning and drainage should be done in time to prevent stagnant water and cause rotten roots.

8. Timely harvest: pick tender stems and leaves, seedlings from April to June, or harvest in full bloom from July to August, cut off the ground on a sunny day and dry in the sun, Kang or shade, yielding 4500kg to 7500kg per hectare, preferably those with green stems and branches, dry leaves and strong aroma.

Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests of patchouli

1. Ring disease. It happens from spring to autumn. Spray 200-fold solution of non-toxic high-fat membrane before the onset of the disease, spray 50% carbendazim 500-1000 times solution in the early stage of the disease, and remove the residual body at the end of autumn to reduce the source of infection.

2. Brown spot. It occurred in northeast China from July to August, and the control measures were the same as those of ring disease.

3. Spot blight. It occurred in Northeast China from June to August, and the control method was the same as that of ring disease.

4. Root rot. Remove stagnant water in time, remove and destroy diseased plants in time, and disinfect disease points with lime or irrigate disease points with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution.

5. Aphids. Spray with 40% dimethoate EC 1000ml 1500 times.

6. Red spider. 6Mel-the peak occurs when the weather is dry early in August, sprayed with 40% dimethoate EC 1500 Mel 2000 times.

7. Silver leaf moth. From May to October, the larvae bite on the leaves. Spray with 1000 times of 90% crystal trichlorfon.

Perennial Root Propagation of patchouli

The advantage of perennial root transplanting is that it is very easy to survive, and the persistent root can emerge around May of the following year. Use scissors close to the ground to cut off the stumps that have died in winter, and then pour a thin dung water, which is conducive to its growth. When the seedling height is about 9-15 cm, the seedlings can be dug up in rainy or cloudy days and transplant in the field with soil. Reasonable plant spacing was controlled by transplanting. Immediately after planting, pour a thin dung water, which is conducive to survival. The perennial root began to blossom from the end of June to the beginning of July, and flowered in the middle of July when it was sown in spring.

Most of the mass cultivation of patchouli uses the method of sowing, but there is more than one method of propagation of patchouli. The persistent root propagation and cutting propagation in this paper are very suitable for patchouli. Therefore, the method of planting patchouli can be adjusted according to our actual environmental conditions.

How to plant patchouli how to plant patchouli

Patchouli, also known as Hexiang, Cangao, mountain fennel and so on, is a perennial herb of Labiatae. Patchouli is a food high in calcium and carotene, and it is also a good food for game. Many people like to eat patchouli in life, so how to grow it? Let's take a look at the detailed introduction of the planting method of patchouli.

Introduction of patchouli

Patchouli, also known as Hexiang, Cangao, mountain fennel, etc., belongs to the tubular flower order, Labiatae perennial herbs, stem erect, 0.5-1.5 m high, quadrangular, thick up to 7~8mm, leaves heart-shaped to oblong-lanceolate, Corolla lavender blue, about 8mm, mature nutlets ovate-oblong, about 1.8mm, about 1.1mm wide.

Patchouli likes high temperature, sunny environment, likes to grow in wet, rainy environment, afraid of drought.

The florescence of patchouli is from June to September and the fruiting period is from September to November.

1. Morphological characteristics

Patchouli is a perennial herb. Stem erect, 0.5-1.5 m tall, 4-angled, as thick as 7~8mm, covered with very short fine hairs in upper part, glabrous in lower part, with fertile branches in upper part. Leaves cordate-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, long 4.5~11cm, broadly 3~6.5cm, tapering upward, apex caudate-long acuminate, base cordate, sparsely truncate, margin coarsely dentate, papery, olive green above, subglabrous, slightly pale below, puberulent and punctate glands; petiole long 1.5~3.5cm.

Verticillate inflorescences are many-flowered, forming terminal dense cylindrical spikes on main stems or lateral branches, spikes long 2.5~12cm, 1.8 × 2.5 cm in diameter; bracts at the base of inflorescences no longer than 5mm, ca. 1~2mm wide, linear-lanceolate, long acuminate, bracts similar in shape, smaller, ca. 2 mm long; verticillate inflorescences short pedunculate, pedunculate ca. 3mm, glandular puberulent.

Calyx tubular-obconical, ca. 6mm long, ca. 2mm wide, puberulent by glands and yellow small glands, more or less dyed light purple or purplish red, throat slightly oblique, calyx teeth triangular-lanceolate, the latter 3 teeth about 2.2mm, the first 2 teeth slightly shorter.

Corolla purplish blue, ca. 8mm, puberulent, crown tube base width ca. 1.2mm, slightly exceeding calyx, widening upward, to throat width about 3mm, limb 2-lipped, upper lip straight, apex emarginate, lower lip 3-lobed, middle lobe wider, ca. 2mm long, ca. 3.5mm wide, spreading, margin undulate, base wide, lateral lobes semicircular. Stamens protruding from Corolla, filaments fine, flattened, glabrous. Style subequal to stamens, 2-lobed, filiform, apex equal. Disk thickly annular.

Ovary lobes apically tomentose. Mature nutlets ovate-oblong, ca. 1.8mm, ca. 1.1mm wide, ventral angled, apex hispidulous, brown.

The florescence of patchouli is from June to September and the fruiting period is from September to November.

2. Ecological habits

Patchouli prefers high temperature and sunny environment, and grows poorly in the shade. The area with an annual average temperature of 19: 26 ℃ is more suitable for growth. When the temperature is higher than 35 ℃ or lower than 16 ℃, it grows slowly or stops.

Patchouli likes to grow in a wet and rainy environment. It is afraid of drought and requires annual rainfall of more than 1600mm. It likes rain in the seedling stage and the environment with high humidity in the growing period (but if the soil moisture is too high, the roots will rot and die). Irrigation should be paid attention to in areas with less rainfall. Seedlings like shade, need to build a shed or cover grass, adult plants can grow in full light. The roots are hardy and can survive the winter in the north, and the next year they turn green and grow patchouli; the aboveground parts are not hardy, and a large number of leaves fall after Frosts Descent, and gradually die.

Patchouli is not strict on the soil, the general soil can grow, but the soil layer is deep, fertile and loose sandy loam or loam is better. For fear of stagnant water, if you plant in low-lying land that is prone to stagnant water, the roots will rot and die. The life span of seeds is 2-4 years, so seeds can be sowed every other year. Light is needed for seed germination. The optimum temperature for germination is 18-22 ℃, and the germination days are 7-10 days.

How to grow patchouli

I. planting methods of patchouli

1. Soil preparation and sowing

The nursery bed should choose loam or sandy loam with convenient irrigation, convenient management and medium fertility; combine ploughing and applying rotten column manure 22.5t/hm2 as base fertilizer; then open trench and knock fine soil to form a tortoise back-shaped seedbed 1.5m wide, wet the border surface with mature human fecal urine 7.5t/hm2, sprinkle seeds with fine sand or plant ash evenly on the border surface, and cover about 1cm thickness with fine mud: plant ash = 1Rom. Finally, bamboo flakes or twigs were separated by 80cm on the border surface to form a small arch covered with a thin film to keep the seedlings warm. Generally, Honda needs seedbed 120~150m2 and seed 2.25~2.7kg per hectare.

2. Field management

Temperature management

When the temperature is kept at 20: 25 ℃, seedlings emerge in 10: 15 days, and when the emergence rate reaches 70%, the film is removed, and the suitable growth temperature is 18: 25 ℃. Patchouli sown in spring in the seedling height 12cm, when the main stem has 5 pairs of leaves, the basal leaf axil begins to branch, and after June, the temperature rises and the rainy season comes, patchouli enters the vigorous growth period.

3. Water and fertilizer management

The stems and leaves of patchouli are used for medicinal purposes, and it is better to apply fertilizer with "total fertilizer" (including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), such as human and animal feces, cruller and so on. In the first topdressing, 1.5~2kg was applied per square meter after seedling height 3cm loosening soil, and then in seedling height 7~10cm, 15~20cm, 25~30cm, after weeding, 1500kg was applied every 667m2, or diammonium phosphate 10~12kg per 667m2, watering should be applied after fertilization, and no more topdressing after ridge sealing. Timely watering in the dry season, drought resistance and seedling protection, and timely ditch drainage in the rainy season to prevent stagnant water from causing rotting roots.

4. seedlings between weeding and weeding in mid-tillage

When the seedling height 3cm, and time to densify the seedling, make the seedling nutrient area 4cm2, or split the seedling, split the plant distance 6~8cm. There are 3 to 4 plants of patchouli planted in each hole, and the seedlings can be staggered and fixed according to the distance between 10~12cm, and the lack of seedlings should be replanted in cloudy days, and thin human and animal feces should be poured once after planting to facilitate survival. There were 2 or 3 times of weeding and weeding before the first harvest, which were carried out at seedling height 3cm, 12~15cm and 21~24cm, respectively. When the seedling height was 25 ~ 30 cm, soil 6cm was used to protect the roots after the second harvest.

5. Drainage and drought resistance

Patchouli likes micro-tide soil environment, if there is no rain in case of drought after sowing and transplanting, attention should be paid to timely watering (irrigation) to resist drought and protect seedlings; after rainy weather and irrigation, ditch drainage should be done in time to prevent stagnant water and cause rotting roots.

Second, the propagation mode of patchouli.

Patchouli multipurpose seed reproduction, sowing in the same year, the harvest is new patchouli, many leaves, good leaf quality. It can also be propagated by persistent roots (old patchouli), which means that after the seeds are collected, the old roots are allowed to survive the winter in situ, and the new seedlings in the next spring are unearthed and moved to the field to get the whole grass.

1. Seed propagation

Spring sowing in the north is to raise seedlings, sow or strip sow in the middle and last ten days of April. Before sowing, the seedbed is treated with 2.5~3kg per square meter of mature human and animal manure, moist border surface as base fertilizer, leveling and raking fine before sowing.

Sowing: seed mixed with fine sand or plant ash, spread evenly on the border surface, gently pat the border surface with a thin plate, so that the seed is in close contact with the border surface, and the soil thickness is 1cm.

Strip sowing: along the border according to the row spacing 25~30cm to open a shallow ditch, ditch depth 1~1.5cm, pour through water, seeds mixed with fine sand evenly scattered into the ditch, covered with soil 1cm, slightly suppressed.

Sowing amount of seedlings: 2~4g/m2, the amount of seeds used in Honda per 667m2 is 500g / 800g. Finally, the border is covered with thin film for heat preservation and moisturizing.

Planting: when the seedling height was 12: 15 cm and 4: 6 true leaves, the plant spacing was 25cm, and the row spacing was 40 m. The seedlings were planted with thin dung water in cloudy days, and 6 ~ 7 000 plants per 667m2 were planted, and the fixed roots were watered thoroughly after planting.

2. Persistent root propagation

Perennial root transplanting (old patchouli) is very easy to survive, ratoon emerged in the second year (May), cut off the dead stump on the ground with scissors closely to the ground, and then irrigated with thin dung water to promote the growth of new seedlings. When the seedling height is 9~15cm, the seedlings can be dug up and transplanted into the field with soil, and the survival rate is high. The row spacing of the transplanted plants was 30cm × 35cm, and 6 thousand plants were planted per 667m2. Immediately after planting, pour a thin dung water to promote survival. When the number of patchouli emitted from persistent roots was as high as 70~90cm, the 15~36cm of patchouli sown in spring was high. The perennial root began to blossom from the end of June to the beginning of July, and flowered in the middle of July when it was sown in spring.

3. Disease control of patchouli

1. Root rot

The disease mostly occurs in the rainy summer season, the diseased plant decays from the root and rhizome, gradually extends to the aboveground, browning the cortex, and finally withered and died.

Prevention and treatment: remove the diseased plant and burn it centrally, then sprinkle lime on the diseased point, or 800 times 50% methyl topiramate, or irrigate the diseased point with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution.

2. Fusarium wilt

The disease occurred from mid-June to early July. At first, the leaves and tips of the diseased plants were drooping and withered, and finally the roots rotted and the whole plant withered.

Control method: after the harvest of patchouli, remove the diseased and residual plants, burn them centrally, and eliminate the overwintering pathogens. Timely drainage after rain to reduce field humidity; combined with spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar to improve plant disease resistance; at the initial stage of the disease, remove the diseased plants and use 50% carbendazim 500 times solution, or 50% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution, or 40% carbendazim glue suspension 500 times solution to irrigate the disease hole and adjacent plant roots to prevent spread.

3. Angular spot disease

The main damage to leaves occurs in rainy seasons, showing water-immersed disease spots at the beginning, and then gradually expanding into polygonal brown disease spots, when the leaves dry up and fall off, resulting in reduced production.

Prevention and treatment methods: at the initial stage of the disease, spray prevention and control with 1.5120 times Bordeaux solution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin 1000 times solution, or 77% streptomycin solution, spray once every 10 days, 2 times continuously for 3 times.

4. Brown spot

Fungal disease, mainly harmful to leaves, formed nearly round spots on the leaf surface from May to June, with light brown in the middle, dark brown on the edge, and light black mildew, which was serious in the wet rainy season.

Prevention and cure method: remove the diseased leaves and burn them, and spray them with 1DV 120 times Bordeaux solution, 64% alum wettable powder 500 times solution, or 58% Metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times solution.

5. Spot blight

The disease spot on both sides of the leaf is polygonal, the initial diameter is 1~3mm, dark brown, the leaf color turns yellow, when the disease spot converges, the leaf dies.

Prevention and cure method: spray 1000 times liquid of Ruidu at the initial stage of the disease, spray once every 7 days, spray 2 times continuously for 3 times.

6. Aphids

The clusters of adults and nymphs do harm to the tender leaves of tender shoots, resulting in poor plant growth and unable to grow new buds and leaves normally.

Control method: spray with 1000 times of imidacloprid wettable powder or 2000 times of aldicarb or 1500 times of dimethoate EC. Stop taking medicine half a month before collection to avoid residual poison.

7. Red Spider

It occurred seriously in the season of high temperature and low humidity from June to August. the insect mainly sucked plant nutrition, orange or yellow, sucked juice on the back of the leaf, initially appeared small yellow-white spots, gradually turned into yellow-brown focal spots, and finally the whole leaf turned yellow and fell off.

Control method: spray with 1500 times solution of insect mite, or 3000 times liquid of 40% Sukron or 1.8% avermectin.

8. Silver leaf moth

The larva bites the leaves to form holes or lacerations, the larvae lurk on the back of the leaves during the day, and feed on the leaves at night and cloudy days.

Control method: spray with 1000 times of 90% crystal trichlorfon or 300 times of 350 times of 25% insecticidal amidine.

9. Leaf borer

Leaf borer (Chilo suppressalis) uses its larvae to spin silk and roll leaves on young buds and young leaves, and hides them to eat leaves.

Control method: foliar spraying with trichlorfon 300 times 400 times liquid.

10. Ground tiger, mole cricket

Pests bite off the roots of seedlings, resulting in lack of seedlings, affecting the yield.

Control method: use 90% crystal trichlorfon as poison bait, or use 50% phoxim 1000 times solution mixed with poisonous soil strips in the ditch.