New techniques of open-air cultivation of volvariella volvacea

Straw mushroom is cultivated, mainly with straw. More plant cellulose substances such as bagasse and corn straw can also be used. Because volvariella volvacea has many sources of cultivation materials, the cost is low, and the cultivation technology is relatively simple, the economic benefit is very high. Every 100 kilograms of rice straw, from inoculation to mushroom production, as long as 12 days, the whole production cycle is only one month, you can collect 20-30 kilograms of fresh mushrooms. In this way, an output value of 60-120 yuan can be created for every 100 kilograms of cultivated materials.

Volvariella volvacea is a kind of fungus which likes high temperature and humidity. The temperature needed for mycelium growth is 20-40 ℃, but the most suitable temperature is 25-35 ℃. The fruiting body can grow and develop in the range of 34-45 ℃, but 38 ℃ is the most suitable. According to its biology, the most suitable season for planting mushrooms can be divided into two stages: those cultivated between the Beginning of Summer and Lesser Heat, called spring mushrooms, and those cultivated from the Beginning of Autumn to White Dew, called autumn mushrooms. The climate is different in different places, but it can be planted as long as the local temperature is stable above 22 ℃. If the indoor environmental conditions can be artificially controlled, it can be cultivated all the year round.

Rice straw, peanut vine, bagasse and corn stalk are used as cultivation materials, which are fresh, dry, mildew-free and pest-free. When using straw, you should fasten a bundle of straw in the stem of the ear with straw, then spread the straw loose to dry and collect it for reserve.

It can make full use of the free land around the fields, hillsides, riverbanks, roadsides and courtyards as a field mushroom farm, but it should be close to the water source and the terrain is slightly higher, so it is convenient for rice straw to soak and manage and prevent stagnant water in the rainy season. In late spring and early autumn, sunny sites should be chosen. In summer, shady trees or under melon sheds or indoor cultivation should be chosen, and cowbarns, caves and basements can also be used as cultivation places.

In the selected site, first open the drainage ditch of the border, and then tidy up the mushroom bed, turn the soil 15-20 cm deep, after 1-2 days of sun exposure, break the soil particles and remove weeds. The border surface is arranged into a tortoise back shape, about 15 cm high, slightly compacted in the center and slightly loose on both sides. The mushroom bed is 1-1.2 meters wide, 5-7 meters long, with a distance of 70 centimeters. After finishing the mushroom bed, the mushroom bed can be irrigated to make the soil moist, and pesticides can be sprayed to kill mole cricket, jumping beetles and other underground pests.

During cultivation, sprinkle a circle of soil fertilizer (burning soil from the head of rice straw or burning soil from the sod on the mountain) 7 centimeters away from the mushroom bed, about 10 centimeters wide. Then along the soil fertilizer circle, pile the first layer of soaked grass handle. When stacking, the curved part of the grass handle is outward, the ear head is facing inward, and one hand is close to the ground, and compacted to make the outer edge neat. After stacking the first layer, spread a layer of soil fertilizer on this layer of grass 6 cm from the edge, and sow the straw mushroom strain on the soil ring. Then the second layer of grass was stacked and fertilized at the same time, and 5-6 layers were stacked continuously according to the same method to build a haystack. The amount of grass used in hay pile should be 100-150 kg per pile in summer and 150-200 kg per pile in spring and autumn. 4-6 bottles of straw mushroom are needed for every 100 kilograms of rice straw.