Farmland cultivation techniques of volvariella volvacea
The cultivation of straw mushroom in farmland has the advantages of simple equipment, easy operation and high economic benefits. it can also improve soil fertility and crop yield. The specific technologies are:
The main results are as follows: 1. The site should be selected in places with high terrain, convenient water sources and medium soil fertility.
2. Straw mushrooms cultivated in the field are generally interplanted in the rows of corn, sunflowers, sorghum and other tall stalk crops in order to form a shady microclimate.
3, cultivation material formula ① chopped straw 70%, fresh horse dung 30%; ② crushed corn shaft 58%, sorghum husk 40%, urea, superphosphate 1% respectively.
4. As a mushroom bed, take the cultivation of spring corn as an example, the east-west direction of corn is 1.2 meters wide, 40 centimeters narrow, and the plant spacing is 15 centimeters. Before sowing or growing to 1 meter high, dig a sowing ditch 80 cm wide and 10 cm deep in the wide row, slightly smooth the ditch and irrigate, and sprinkle a small amount of lime after the water seeps. It is best to spray pesticides to drive away pests in the soil.
5. Spread and sow 15kg of fermented culture material per meter of sowing ditch, and the sowing rate is 1x5 of dry material weight. You can spread a layer of material to sow a layer of seed, or you can sow the strain at a depth of 3 cm from the surface and 6 cm near the edge to increase the amount of seed. The culture material should be laid evenly, and the material surface should be trimmed into a gentle slope slightly higher in the middle; after sowing, cover with plastic film and straw felt.
6. When the material temperature reaches 35 ℃, the film should be ventilated to dissipate heat, and the material temperature should be controlled at about 30 ℃. At this temperature, the hyphae began to kink the primordia. After budding, the growth is very fast, the temperature should be controlled at 26 ℃ and the relative humidity should be 85%. The soil can also be covered timely in the cultivation of volvariella volvacea.
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Necessary conditions for the growth and development of volvariella volvacea
1. Nutritious volvariella volvacea is a saprophytic fungus, which does not contain chlorophyll and cannot carry out photosynthesis to synthesize its own nutrients, so it needs to be provided by the outside world. The nutrients needed by volvariella volvacea are mainly carbohydrates and nitrogen compounds. Carbohydrates are mainly sugars, such as glucose, sucrose, maltose, starch, semi-fiber and cellulose. Organic nitrogen compounds mainly include peptone, amino acids and urea, while inorganic nitrogen compounds include ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. It is generally believed that the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the vegetative growth stage
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New techniques of open-air cultivation of volvariella volvacea
Straw mushroom is cultivated, mainly with straw. More plant cellulose substances such as bagasse and corn straw can also be used. Because volvariella volvacea has many sources of cultivation materials, the cost is low, and the cultivation technology is relatively simple, the economic benefit is very high. Every 100 kilograms of rice straw, from inoculation to mushroom production, as long as 12 days, the whole production cycle is only one month, you can collect 20-30 kilograms of fresh mushrooms. In this way, an output value of 60-120 yuan can be created for every 100 kilograms of cultivated materials. Volvariella volvacea is a kind of fungus which likes high temperature and high humidity. The temperature required for mycelium growth is 20.
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