New cultivation techniques for High yield and High efficiency of volvariella volvacea

Straw mushroom, also known as orchid mushroom, delicious bract mushroom, Chinese mushroom, Nanhua mushroom. It is a kind of herbaceous saprophytic bacteria which likes temperature and humidity and grows on grass such as rice straw or fiber waste such as cotton and hemp in summer. Straw mushroom has delicious taste, rich nutrition and good health care function. It has the functions of relieving summer heat and removing heat, strengthening the body and bones, protecting the liver and stomach, hair cream, detoxification and so on. Often eat straw mushrooms, can increase the body's resistance, accelerate wound healing. It can also reduce cholesterol accumulation and blood pressure. Therefore, volvariella volvacea has always been favored by consumers.

Straw mushroom is a traditional export commodity in China, which has been famous in the international market for a long time, whether fresh mushroom, quick-frozen mushroom, dried mushroom and canned mushroom are very popular. Close sales to Hong Kong and Macao, Japan, Southeast Asia, Western Europe and the United States, Canada. With the improvement of people's living standards and China's entry into WTO, the output of volvariella volvacea has been far from meeting the market demand at home and abroad, so there is a bright future for the development of straw mushroom production.

1. Benefit analysis the production time of volvariella volvacea is short, it takes only 12 days from inoculation to harvest, the whole production cycle is only one month, and 6 batches of straw mushroom can be planted in one year. According to the calculation of 2500 kg material cultivated in 100m2, it can produce 750kg fresh volvariella volvacea (30% conversion rate). At the price of 5 yuan per kilogram, the output value of each batch of 100square meters (per month) amounts to 3750 yuan. The cost input is only 1300 yuan, including 300 yuan for seed production and 1000 yuan for rice straw (wheat straw) and rice bran (bran). The net income reached 2450 yuan. If you grow 6 batches of 4MMI in one year, you can make a profit of 10-15000 yuan.

2. Key points of cultivation techniques

1. Strain preparation of original seed, culture medium formula: chopped rice straw 80%, wheat bran (rice bran) 19%, calcium carbonate 1%. Cottonseed hull culture medium formula: cottonseed hull 90%, wheat bran 8%, gypsum powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%. The original seed can use 750 ml original seed bottle or 14 cm x 28 cm polypropylene bag, and the cultivated seed can use 15 cm x 30 cm polyethylene bag, inoculated at one end (plus ring cotton stopper). The mycelium can be full for use after 20 days. Good cultivated species of volvariella volvacea, the hyphae are white or just turned yellow and transparent, there are no or few reddish-brown chlamydospores, no miscellaneous bacteria, no diseases and insect pests.

2. The cultivation was cultivated with long rice straw bacteria wrapped in semi-clinker. ① raw materials: Rice straw, rice bran or wheat bran, corn meal, peanut cake or rapeseed cake powder, gypsum powder, compound fertilizer or ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, lime powder.

② formula: 50kg of dry straw, 12.5kg of rice bran, 1kg of corn meal, 1kg of gypsum powder, 200g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Or 50 kg of dried rice straw, 5 kg of rice bran, 2 kg of corn meal, 2.5 kg of wheat bran, 0.5 kg of gypsum powder and 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. ③ soaking grass, ingredients, packaging, sterilization, inoculation. Soak the whole grass into the pool and press it with stones, then add 3% Murray 5% lime water, soak 12 Murray for 24 hours, pick it up and dry properly, while mixing rice bran and other auxiliary materials. The rice straw was packed in a mold, one layer of straw was sprinkled with a layer of rice bran auxiliary material, and there were four layers of straw. The dry weight of each bacterial bag was 5ml 7.5kg. After packing, it was sterilized by steam sterilization device for 6 hours, cooled to less than 40 ℃, and inoculated and cultured. ④ cultivation sites can choose indoor or outdoor greenhouses or shade sheds, showing a "well" shape of three-dimensional bacteria, and can enter the mushroom management after 7 days. During this period, the air humidity should be kept at 80% Mel 90%, and the temperature should be controlled at 28Mel 32 ℃.