Management techniques for promoting cultivation of Tulip

Tulip (Tulipagesneriema), a perennial bulbous herbaceous flower belonging to the genus Tulipagesneriema of Liliaceae, is a world-famous cut flower, flower bed and flower mirror material. The flower posture elegant, fragrant simple, deeply loved by people. Because of its biological characteristics and ecological habits, tulip can only be seen in May and June every year under the natural cultivation conditions in Northwest China. In recent years, in order to make tulips appear on the stage of flower market from New Year's Day to Spring Festival, we have adopted the method of promoting cultivation in solar energy-saving greenhouse, and summarized some successful experiences for reference by peers and flower lovers.

1 Variety selection

Two cultivars, Czolden Apldoom and Oxford, which performed well in Northwest China, were selected.

2 Test sites

Solar energy-saving greenhouse in the experimental site of Horticulture Institute, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Province.

3 Technical regulations for cultivation

31 pre-broadcast preparation

311 Soil treatment: During September 20 - 25, apply enough basal fertilizer: decomposed chicken manure 11250kghm2, diammonium 375kghm2, compound fertilizer 450kghm2, and apply 25% carbendazim WP 15kghm2, ferrous sulfate 225kghm2 and 3% furankoudan 75kghm2 to disinfect the soil. After the application, deep ploughing 20 - 25cm, covered with plastic film.

312 Temperature control: After September 25, the temperature will be raised to more than 30℃, conducive to fertile soil and sample bacteria pest control. By October 8, the greenhouse film and plastic film were removed and returned to the ambient temperature.

313 kinds of ball treatment: after peeling, soaked in 1000 times solution of 25% carbendazim WP for 40 - 60min, dried for use.

32 sowing

321 Sowing time: October 15 - 20.

322 sowing method: ditch hole sowing, ditch depth about 12cm, plant spacing 15cm×20cm, covering soil thickness is twice the height of seed ball.

33 Field management

331 was irrigated with planting water after sowing. Under natural conditions, roots fully grew and buds began to sprout. By November, the surface freezes. The seed ball stops growing. In late November, the shed film was set up, the temperature was raised to 15 - 22℃, and the water was poured once, and the above-ground part began to grow. After that, water should be irrigated once a week, and water should be properly controlled after budding, and it is appropriate to irrigate once every 10 days.

332 Temperature: Temperature control is critical throughout the growth process. First of all, the roots are fully developed under the appropriate temperature, and then the vernalization process is completed at low temperature, and then the growth and development are carried out under the appropriate temperature. The temperature control of the whole growth period is shown in the figure.

333 topdressing: December 1, combined with watering, topdressing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer 3 - 4 times, each time 75 - 1125 kghm2. After December 20, topdressing potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1500 times solution 2 - 3 times, promote bud flowering.

334 Tillering: During the growth period, some of the produced seed balls will sprout and grow. In order to avoid nutrient loss, it is necessary to remove the sprouts in time.

335 Pest control: Tulip promotion cultivation period, susceptible to rot sclerotinia, broken petals, rot, acanthopods and other hazards. The control methods are:

1. Sclerotinia rot: Remove diseased plants in time and spray the rest plants with 500 times solution of 80% zinc deberea wettable powder.

2 broken color petal disease, rot disease: found in a timely manner to remove the diseased plants, can spray 40% omethoate EC 1000 times solution for control; in order to reduce the opportunity of aphid transmission, but also spray 25% of the essence of rosemary 800 - 900 times solution control.

(3) Root mite: spray 25% ethyl acaricide 1000 times solution on corm.

4 Discussion

This method is only a method for tulips to be listed during New Year's Day to Spring Festival, and is one of the methods in tulip promotion cultivation. Details need to be explored further.