Prevention and control technology of mink disease: Pseudomonas mink disease

Pseudomonas mink disease, also known as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or mink hemorrhagic pneumonia, is an acute infectious disease of mink caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The disease is characterized by dyspnea, hemorrhagic pneumonia and pulmonary edema, organ and tissue hemorrhagic pathological changes, often endemic.

1. Pathogen

The pathogen of the disease is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, also known as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which exists widely in nature and in animal feces, water and sewage. Gram staining was negative. Culture on ordinary medium can produce yellow-green pigment, so it is called Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

2. Popular characteristics

Minks are the most susceptible fur animals. Rabbits, sea pigs and mice are all susceptible to experimental animals. The main sources of infection are contaminated meat feed, diseased mink and bacteria-carrying mink. In addition, due to the unreasonable use of antibiotics, the inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant bacteria, resulting in a large number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa reproduction, the occurrence of the disease. The main route of transmission is the oral cavity and respiratory tract. The disease mostly occurs in autumn, the most in October, high contact infection is the epidemic feature of the disease, because October is the hair changing season, villi flying, easy to spread to healthy minks.

3. Clinical symptoms

The incubation period of natural infection is 1-2 days, and the long incubation period is 4-5 days. According to the course of disease and pathological changes, it can be divided into acute type and hyperacute type. Most of the infected minks often died without obvious symptoms, and only lethargy, anorexia, shortness of breath and dyspnea, convulsions and bloody fluid from mouth and nose were observed carefully. Acute cases often show abdominal breathing, mussel sound, nostril blood-like fluid, blood-like pollutants around the mouth and nose, and blood stains under the cage. The course of the disease is a short few hours, a long 1-2 days, the case fatality rate is almost 100%.

4. Anatomical and pathological changes

Hemorrhagic lesions of the lung are the main features. Lung swelling and bleeding, showing crimson, dense lung tissue, hepatoid hardness, incision and discharge of a large number of blood-like foam. The trachea and bronchi are pink. The diseased lung sinks in water. The lesions often have small gray nodules, pleural effusion and enlarged hilar lymph nodes. Splenomegaly, reddish purple. The liver is pale and dry. Blood-like fluid is often found in the stomach and duodenum, and blood flows from the nose before death.

5. Diagnosis

According to epidemiology, symptoms and pathological examination, a preliminary diagnosis can be established. Pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema are the main features that distinguish this disease from other diseases. The diagnosis needs bacteriological examination: first, culture to check whether there is pigment; second, to do animal vaccination to see if there is toxicity. If it can produce green pigment, inoculate mice to death, and isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa to pure culture, it can be diagnosed.

6. Prevention and treatment

(1) Prevention: vaccination can be given to prevent the disease, but a successful vaccine has not yet been developed. When the disease occurs, the mink is isolated immediately and treated with antibiotics to remove the skin during the peeling period. Thoroughly and repeatedly disinfect contaminated cages, floors and appliances. Burn the cage with a flame torch and pay attention to burning off the fluff. Scrub the chamber with 2% alkali solution. Prevent contact between running marten and personnel.

(2) treatment: streptotoxin 100000 units, intramuscular injection, twice a day for 7 days; gentamicin 20, 000 units, intramuscular injection, twice a day, for 7 days; the whole group was given sulfamethoxazole, 0.3 grams per mink, mixed with feed. In addition, polymyxin and neomycin also have good results.